scholarly journals Ecosystem responses to elevated CO2 governed by plant-soil interactions and the cost of nitrogen acquisition

2017 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Terrer ◽  
Sara Vicca ◽  
Benjamin D. Stocker ◽  
Bruce A. Hungate ◽  
Richard P. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Nitrogen Acquisition ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

Plant-soil interactions and nutrient availability determine the impact of elevated CO2 and temperature on cotton productivity

2016 ◽  
Vol 410 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yui Osanai ◽  
David T. Tissue ◽  
Michael P. Bange ◽  
Ian C. Anderson ◽  
Michael V. Braunack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

scholarly journals Plant and soil nitrogen in oligotrophic boreal forest habitats with varying moss depths: does exclusion of large grazers matter?

Oecologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Väisänen ◽  
Maria Tuomi ◽  
Hannah Bailey ◽  
Jeffrey M. Welker
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
N Content ◽  
Feather Moss ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

AbstractThe boreal forest consists of drier sunlit and moister-shaded habitats with varying moss abundance. Mosses control vascular plant–soil interactions, yet they all can also be altered by grazers. We determined how 2 decades of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) exclusion affect feather moss (Pleurozium schreberi) depth, and the accompanying soil N dynamics (total and dissolvable inorganic N, δ15N), plant foliar N, and stable isotopes (δ15N, δ13C) in two contrasting habitats of an oligotrophic Scots pine forest. The study species were pine seedling (Pinus sylvestris L.), bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), lingonberry (V. vitis-idaea L.), and feather moss. Moss carpet was deeper in shaded than sunlit habitats and increased with grazer exclusion. Humus N content increased in the shade as did humus δ15N, which also increased due to exclusion in the sunlit habitats. Exclusion increased inorganic N concentration in the mineral soil. These soil responses were correlated with moss depth. Foliar chemistry varied due to habitat depending on species identity. Pine seedlings showed higher foliar N content and lower foliar δ15N in the shaded than in the sunlit habitats, while bilberry had both higher foliar N and δ15N in the shade. Thus, foliar δ15N values of co-existing species diverged in the shade indicating enhanced N partitioning. We conclude that despite strong grazing-induced shifts in mosses and subtler shifts in soil N, the N dynamics of vascular vegetation remain unchanged. These indicate that plant–soil interactions are resistant to shifts in grazing intensity, a pattern that appears to be common across boreal oligotrophic forests.

scholarly journals Ecosystem responses to elevated CO<sub>2</sub> using airborne remote sensing at Mammoth Mountain, California

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (24) ◽  
pp. 7403-7418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Cawse-Nicholson ◽  
Joshua B. Fisher ◽  
Caroline A. Famiglietti ◽  
Amy Braverman ◽  
Florian M. Schwandner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Mammoth Mountain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Canopy Nitrogen

Abstract. We present an exploratory study examining the use of airborne remote-sensing observations to detect ecological responses to elevated CO2 emissions from active volcanic systems. To evaluate these ecosystem responses, existing spectroscopic, thermal, and lidar data acquired over forest ecosystems on Mammoth Mountain volcano, California, were exploited, along with in situ measurements of persistent volcanic soil CO2 fluxes. The elevated CO2 response was used to statistically model ecosystem structure, composition, and function, evaluated via data products including biomass, plant foliar traits and vegetation indices, and evapotranspiration (ET). Using regression ensemble models, we found that soil CO2 flux was a significant predictor for ecological variables, including canopy greenness (normalized vegetation difference index, NDVI), canopy nitrogen, ET, and biomass. With increasing CO2, we found a decrease in ET and an increase in canopy nitrogen, both consistent with theory, suggesting more water- and nutrient-use-efficient canopies. However, we also observed a decrease in NDVI with increasing CO2 (a mean NDVI of 0.27 at 200 g m−2 d−1 CO2 reduced to a mean NDVI of 0.10 at 800 g m−2 d−1 CO2). This is inconsistent with theory though consistent with increased efficiency of fewer leaves. We found a decrease in above-ground biomass with increasing CO2, also inconsistent with theory, but we did also find a decrease in biomass variance, pointing to a long-term homogenization of structure with elevated CO2. Additionally, the relationships between ecological variables changed with elevated CO2, suggesting a shift in coupling/decoupling among ecosystem structure, composition, and function synergies. For example, ET and biomass were significantly correlated for areas without elevated CO2 flux but decoupled with elevated CO2 flux. This study demonstrates that (a) volcanic systems show great potential as a means to study the properties of ecosystems and their responses to elevated CO2 emissions and (b) these ecosystem responses are measurable using a suite of airborne remotely sensed data.

scholarly journals Rethinking rehabilitation of salt-affected land: new perspectives from Australian experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Leake ◽  
Victor Squires ◽  
S Shabala
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Australian Experience ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

Soil salinity is emerging as a major threat to the sustainability of modern agricultural production systems and, historically, land and water degradation due to salinity has defeated civilisations whenever the cost of remediation exceeded the benefits. This work discusses the complexity inherent in working with salinity, and the opportunities where salt damaged land and water is viewed as a resource. It takes a wider look at land and waterscapes, seeing them as systems that link damage and repair across time and space to bridge the divide between the main beneficiaries of ecosystem services and the main actors, farmers, and land managers. We first discuss the mechanistic basis of crop reduction by salinity and evolution of ideas about how to shape the plant-soil-water nexus. We then discuss the needs of farmers and other land users required for adequate planning and land management within the constraints of existing policy. Lastly, an approach that provides a new technical and economic tool for the remediation of land in several land use categories is presented. We conclude that a more concerted effort is required to turn payments for ecosystem services into a true market, accepted as such by the land managers, whose agency is essential so the ‘knowledge of what can be done can be transformed into benefits’. Achieving this will require a transformation in the paradigm of how natural resources are managed.

Plant–soil interactions promote co-occurrence of three nonnative woody shrubs

Ecology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 2289-2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. Kuebbing ◽  
Aimée T. Classen ◽  
Jaime J. Call ◽  
Jeremiah A. Henning ◽  
Daniel Simberloff
Keyword(s):  
Plant Soil ◽  
Woody Shrubs ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

Plant-Soil interactions in temperate grasslands

1998 ◽  
pp. 121-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid C. Burke ◽  
William K. Lauenroth ◽  
Mary Ann Vinton ◽  
Paul B. Hook ◽  
Robin H. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temperate Grasslands ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

Nitrogen transformations in constructed wetlands: A closer look at plant-soil interactions using chemical imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 151560
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Nyer ◽  
Nils Volkenborn ◽  
Robert C. Aller ◽  
Molly Graffam ◽  
Qingzhi Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Chemical Imaging ◽  
Nitrogen Transformations ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions

Plant-soil interactions in deserts

1998 ◽  
pp. 169-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Schlesinger ◽  
Adrienne M. Pilmanis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Soil ◽  
Plant Soil Interactions
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