scholarly journals Effectors involved in fungal-fungal interaction lead to a rare phenomenon of hyperbiotrophy in the tritrophic system biocontrol agent-powdery mildew-plant

2017 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 713-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Laur ◽  
Gowsica Bojarajan Ramakrishnan ◽  
Caroline Labbé ◽  
François Lefebvre ◽  
Pietro D. Spanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Tritrophic System ◽  
Rare Phenomenon

Bionomics of Mycophagous Coccinellid, Halyzia tschitscherini Semenor (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Mulberry in Temperate Region of Kashmir

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Vishal Mittal ◽  
G. Ramegowda ◽  
Illahi Irfan ◽  
Babulal ◽  
S.P. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Temperate Region ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
Entire Life Cycle ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Mass Field

The mycophagous insect Halyzia tschitscherini Semenor is a potential biocontrol agent of Powdery Mildew, Phyllactinea corylea (Pess.) in Mulberry. The present study covers the bionomics of H. tschitscherini and its feeding behavior on Powdery Mildew infected Mulberry leaves. The eggs are laid in clusters of 5-24 with an average of 15.75±5.40 eggs per leaf on the abaxial surface of infected leaves. The incubation period was recorded 4.46±0.50.The larval span of first, second, third and fourth instars was recorded as 2.54±0.50, 3.91±0.80, 4.68±0.71, 5.70±0.70 days respectively and total larval span about 16.83 days and for entire life cycle in 30 days. The measurements in mean length and breadth of different stages of H. tschitscherini viz. eggs (1.69 ± 0.04 & 0.71± 0.02), first instar (1.92 ± 0.15 & 0.68 ± 0.02), second instar (3.97 ± 0.32 & 0.82 ± 0.12), third instar (5.50 ±0.65 & 1.26 ±0.14), fourth instars (8.21±0.74 & 1.93±0.20) pupa (5.22±0.23 &3.35±0.23) and male (5.30±0.72 & 3.35±0.41) and female adults were 5.83±0.20 &3.59± 0.24, respectively. The grubs feed only on conidia during first instar, on conidia and conidiophores during second instar, and also on parts of mycelia during third instar. The final instar grub feed on entire aerial mycelia mass leaving only stomatopodia and hyphal remnants. Pupation is for 9-10 days. Adults also feed voraciously on the fungal mass. Field observations indicated a drastic fall in the incidence of Powdery Mildew disease in Mulberry even in the usual peak disease period, with the increased population of H. tschitscherini in the Mulberry garden.

scholarly journals Trichoderma asperellum efficiently protects Quercus robur leaves against Erysiphe alphitoides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Oszako ◽  
Dmitry Voitka ◽  
Marcin Stocki ◽  
Natalia Stocka ◽  
Justyna Anna Nowakowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Erysiphe Alphitoides ◽  
Forest Nurseries

AbstractThe protective effects of Trichoderma asperellum IZR D-11 as a biocontrol agent against the powdery mildew Erysiphe alphitoides infecting leaves of Quercus robur were evaluated for the first time. A strain of Trichoderma had earlier been isolated in Belarus, and was identified in this study as T. asperellum by sequencing of three genomic markers: internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1 alpha and RNA polymerase II subunit 2, with over 99.2% identity to corresponding genomic sequences in GenBank. When applied once in the first year just after onset of powdery mildew disease, T asperellum IZR D-11 reduced disease progression and continued to reduce powdery mildew levels during the following three years. Photosynthetic activity as represented by chlorophyll fluorescence measured in oak seedlings was increased in treated plants, and greater assimilate production was also found. The use of this antagonistic fungus increased the total water content in oak leaves suggesting that T. asperellum IZR D-11 can serve as a preventive measure to reduce energy losses in the process of water transpiration. GC-MS analysis detected 49 volatile compounds in the headspace of pure cultures of T. asperellum. Sesquiterpenes represented mainly by daucene, dauca-4(11),8-diene and isodaucene were the largest group of compounds emitted. We speculate that these volatiles from T. asperellum IZR D-11 may be involved in induced resistance in the plant, but further research is needed. The above results suggest that T. asperellum strain IZR D-11 has potential as a biocontrol agent of oak powdery mildew in forest nurseries.

scholarly journals Effect of fungicides used for powdery mildew disease management on African weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), a biocontrol agent of sap-sucking pests in cashew crop in Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Moses I. Olotu ◽  
Nguya K. Maniania ◽  
Sunday Ekesi ◽  
Zuberi S. Seguni ◽  
Hannalene du Plessis
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Weaver Ant ◽  
Oecophylla Longinoda ◽  
Powdery Mildew Disease ◽  
Correct Date

In the article above the accepted date was incorrect. The correct date is 11 September 2013.

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