scholarly journals Role of stress‐related hormones in plant defence during early infection of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Kammerhofer ◽  
Zoran Radakovic ◽  
Jully M. A. Regis ◽  
Petre Dobrev ◽  
Radomira Vankova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defence ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii

scholarly journals Suppression of the Plant-Parasitic Nematode Heterodera schachtii by the Fungus Dactylella oviparasitica

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiu Olatinwo ◽  
Bei Yin ◽  
J. Ole Becker ◽  
James Borneman
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Suppressive Soil ◽  
Swiss Chard ◽  
Plant Parasitic

This study examined the role of the fungi Dactylella oviparasitica and Fusarium oxysporum in the beet-cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) suppressiveness exhibited by a southern Californian soil. In prior research, the abundance of D. oviparasitica rRNA genes positively correlated with high levels of suppressiveness, whereas the abundance of F. oxysporum rRNA genes positively correlated with minimal to moderate levels of suppressiveness. In this report, both fungi were added to fumigation-induced nonsuppressive soil, planted with Swiss chard, and infested with H. schachtii juveniles. After two nematode generations, D. oviparasitica strain 50 reduced the population densities of H. schachtii eggs and juveniles to those in the suppressive soil and H. schachtii cysts to levels lower than in the suppressive soil. F. oxysporum did not significantly reduce H. schachtii populations. These results suggest that D. oviparasitica strain 50 plays a major role in the suppression of H. schachtii population development in this southern Californian soil.

scholarly journals Antiparasitic Properties of Cardiovascular Agents against Human Intravascular Parasite Schistosoma mansoni

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Raquel Porto ◽  
Ana C. Mengarda ◽  
Rayssa A. Cajas ◽  
Maria C. Salvadori ◽  
Fernanda S. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Parasitic Worm ◽  
Electron Microscopy Analysis ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Microscopy Analysis

The intravascular parasitic worm Schistosoma mansoni is a causative agent of schistosomiasis, a disease of great global public health significance. Praziquantel is the only drug available to treat schistosomiasis and there is an urgent demand for new anthelmintic agents. Adopting a phenotypic drug screening strategy, here, we evaluated the antiparasitic properties of 46 commercially available cardiovascular drugs against S. mansoni. From these screenings, we found that amiodarone, telmisartan, propafenone, methyldopa, and doxazosin affected the viability of schistosomes in vitro, with effective concentrations of 50% (EC50) and 90% (EC90) values ranging from 8 to 50 µM. These results were further supported by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Subsequently, the most effective drug (amiodarone) was further tested in a murine model of schistosomiasis for both early and chronic S. mansoni infections using a single oral dose of 400 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg daily for five consecutive days. Amiodarone had a low efficacy in chronic infection, with the worm and egg burden reduction ranging from 10 to 30%. In contrast, amiodarone caused a significant reduction in worm and egg burden in early infection (>50%). Comparatively, treatment with amiodarone is more effective in early infection than praziquantel, demonstrating the potential role of this cardiovascular drug as an antischistosomal agent.

The suppression of tomato defence response genes upon potato cyst nematode infection indicates a key regulatory role of miRNAs

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Święcicka ◽  
Waldemar Skowron ◽  
Piotr Cieszyński ◽  
Joanna Dąbrowska-Bronk ◽  
Mateusz Matuszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Defence Response ◽  
Nematode Infection ◽  
Potato Cyst Nematode ◽  
Regulatory Role

Computer mapping of records of beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), 1928?77

1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
JENNIE A. WHITEWAY ◽  
T. J.W. ALPHEY ◽  
P. L. MATHIAS ◽  
J.F. SOUTHEY
Keyword(s):  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Computer Mapping ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode

scholarly journals Interleukin-17/Interleukin-17 Receptor-Mediated Signaling Is Important for Generation of an Optimal Polymorphonuclear Response against Toxoplasma gondii Infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Kelly ◽  
Jay K. Kolls ◽  
Kyle Happel ◽  
Joseph D. Schwartzman ◽  
Paul Schwarzenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Knockout Animals

ABSTRACT We investigated the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17)/IL-17 receptor (IL-17R)-mediated signaling in the protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii. IL-17R−/− mice developed a normal adaptive immunity against the parasite. However, increased mortality in the knockout animals can be attributed to a defect in the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to infected sites during early infection.

scholarly journals Characterization of Genes Associated with TGA7 During the Floral Transition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaorui Xu ◽  
Jingya Xu ◽  
Chen Yuan ◽  
Yikai Hu ◽  
Qinggang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Floral Transition ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Genetic Pathways ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Pathways Analysis

Abstract BackgroundThe TGA family has ten members and plays vital roles in plant defence and development in Arabidopsis. However, involvement of TGAs in control of flowering time remains largely unknown and requires further investigation. ResultsTo study the role of TGA7 during the floral transition, we first tested phenotypes of tga7 mutant, which displayed delay-flowering phenotype under both long-day and short-day conditions. We then performed flowering genetic pathways analysis and found that both autonomous and thermosensory pathways may affect TGA7 expression. Furthermore, to reveal differential gene expression profiles between wild-type (WT) and tga7, cDNA libraries were generated for WT and tga7 mutant seedlings at 9 DAG (days after germination). For each library, deep-sequencing produced approximately 6.67 Gb of high-quality sequences with the majority (84.55%) of mRNAs between 500 and 3000 nucleotides in length. Three hundred and twenty-five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between WT and tga7 mutant seedlings. Among them, four genes are associated with flowering time control. Differential expression of the four flowering-related DEGs was further validated by qRT-PCR.ConclusionsTransciptomic sequencing coupled with flowering genetic pathways analysis provides a framework for further studying the role of TGA7 in promoting flowering.

The beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii): an ancient threat to sugar beet crops in Central Europe has become an invisible actor.

2021 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Matthias Daub
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Schachtii ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Beet Cyst Nematode ◽  
Management Optimization ◽  
Damage Symptoms

Abstract The beet cyst nematode (BCN) was one of the first discovered plant parasitic nematodes. Heterodera schachtii was observed in 1859 in Halle in Central Germany by the botanist Herman Schacht and described later by Adolf Schmidt in 1871, who named this cyst nematode species after its original discoverer. Partly due to the lack of knowledge about the effect of sugar beet monocultures on the population build-up of BCN, this nematode had a devastating impact on sugar production in 1876 that led to the shutdown of 24 sugar factories in Germany. This chapter discusses the economic importance, distribution, host range, damage symptoms, biology and life cycle, interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated management, and management optimization of H. schachtii. Future research requirements and future developments are also mentioned.

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