scholarly journals Three explanations for biodiversity hotspots: small range size, geographical overlap and time for species accumulation. An A ustralian case study

2014 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn G. Cook ◽  
Nate B. Hardy ◽  
Michael D. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Range Size ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Species Accumulation

scholarly journals Biological and extrinsic correlates of extinction risk in Chinese lizards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxi Zhong ◽  
Chuanwu Chen ◽  
Yanping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Species Traits ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Habitat Specialization ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Extrinsic Factors

Abstract China is a country with one of the most species rich reptile faunas in the world. However, nearly a quarter of Chinese lizard species assessed by the China Biodiversity Red List are threatened. Nevertheless, to date, no study has explicitly examined the pattern and processes of extinction and threat in Chinese lizards. In this study, we conducted the first comparative phylogenetic analysis of extinction risk in Chinese lizards. We addressed the following three questions: 1) What is the pattern of extinction and threat in Chinese lizards? 2) Which species traits and extrinsic factors are related to their extinction risk? 3) How can we protect Chinese lizards based on our results? We collected data on ten species traits (body size, clutch size, geographic range size, activity time, reproductive mode, habitat specialization, habitat use, leg development, maximum elevation, and elevation range) and seven extrinsic factors (mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, mean annual solar insolation, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), human footprint, human population density, and human exploitation). After phylogenetic correction, these variables were used separately and in combination to assess their associations with extinction risk. We found that Chinese lizards with small geographic range, large body size, high habitat specialization, and living in high precipitation areas were vulnerable to extinction. Conservation priority should thus be given to species with the above extinction-prone traits so as to effectively protect Chinese lizards. Preventing future habitat destruction should also be a primary focus of management efforts because species with small range size and high habitat specialization are particularly vulnerable to habitat loss.

Snowmobile Effects on Movements of White-tailed Deer: A Case-study

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Eckstein ◽  
Thomas F. O'Brien ◽  
Orrin J. Rongstad ◽  
John G. Bollinger
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Home Ranges

The effects of snowmobile traffic on the winter home-ranges, movements, and activity patterns, of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus), were studied during two winters in northern Wisconsin. There were no significant differences in home-range size and habitat use of the Deer in areas with and without snowmobiling. However, snowmobiling caused some Deer to leave the immediate vicinity of the snowmobile trail. Deer were most affected when they were within 61 m of the snowmobile trail.

Ex situ conservation of threatened plant species in island biodiversity hotspots: A case study from Hawai‘i

2020 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 108435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leland K. Werden ◽  
Nellie C. Sugii ◽  
Lauren Weisenberger ◽  
Matthew J. Keir ◽  
Gregory Koob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Threatened Plant ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
Island Biodiversity

Can the environment influence species home-range size? A case study onCtenomys minutus(Rodentia, Ctenomyidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 302 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Kubiak ◽  
D. Galiano ◽  
T. R. O. de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Environment Influence

Competition, Regulation and Broadband Diffusion in New Zealand

2011 ◽  
pp. 139-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Howell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Per Capita

New Zealand offers a through-provoking case study of the effects of different competition and regulatory policies on broadband diffusion rates. Despite having one of the highest rates of Internet connection and usage in the OECD, widely available broadband infrastructure, and low broadband prices, broadband uptake per capita languishes in the bottom third of the OECD. While low uptake has typically been attributed to competition and regulatory factors associated with New Zealand’s ‘light-handed’ regulatory regime, this chapter proposes that a more credible explanation lies in a combination of New Zealand’s legacy of demand-side regulations, in particular the retail tariff options for voice telephony, and the limited value being derived by New Zealand residential consumers from the small range and narrow adoption of applications used currently that necessitate broadband connections. The New Zealand case illustrates the effect that legacy regulations can have on both the diffusion of new technologies per se and the choices made by consumers between different generational variants within that technology. The case indicates a need for more research on the effect of telecommunications industry regulations on demand-side uptake factors.

Home Range and Movement Pattern of a Tailless Black Eagle in Taiwan: A Special Case of Noninvasive Study by Community Science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Horn Lin ◽  
Shiao-Yu Hong ◽  
Si-Min Lin
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Community Science ◽  
North And South ◽  
Special Case

ABSTRACT A secretive and cautious raptor, the Black Eagle (Ictinaetus malaiensis) is challenging to study. Its highly specialized foraging behavior makes it difficult to capture an individual for tracking. However, a tailless eagle provided an opportunity to describe the home range and movements of one bird for 3 yr from 2013 to 2016. A total of 43 independent photo records were provided by a bird photographers' community. The eagle regularly moved between summering and wintering habitats north and south of Taipei City, Taiwan; home range sizes were estimated as 54.1 and 47.1 km2, respectively. This noninvasive case study provides the first estimates of home range size and movement patterns for the Black Eagle, and highlights the contribution of community science to research on endangered raptors.

The Noongar of south-western Australia: a case study of long-term biodiversity conservation in a matrix of old and young landscapes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Lullfitz ◽  
Carol Pettersen ◽  
Ron (Doc) Reynolds ◽  
Aden Eades ◽  
Averil Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
South West ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
Ocbil Theory

Abstract Occurring across all southern hemisphere continents except Antarctica, old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs) are centres of biological richness, often in biodiversity hotspots. Among a matrix of young, often disturbed, fertile landscapes (YODFELs), OCBILs are centres of endemism and diversity in the exceptionally rich flora of the south-west Australian global biodiversity hotspot, home to Noongar peoples for ≥ 48 000 years. We analysed contemporary traditional Noongar knowledge of adjacent OCBILs (e.g. granite outcrops) and YODFELs (e.g. creekline fringes) both at a single site and in two larger areas to test whether patterns of disturbance dictated by Noongar custom align with OCBIL theory. We found that Noongar traditional knowledge reflects a regime of concentrated YODFEL rather than OCBIL disturbance—a pattern which aligns with maximal biodiversity preservation. SIMPER testing found traditional Noongar OCBIL and YODFEL activities are 64–75% dissimilar, whereas Pearson’s chi-square tests revealed camping, burning, travelling through country and hunting as primarily YODFEL rather than OCBIL activities. We found that Noongar activities usually avoid OCBIL disturbance. This combined with high floristic diversity following enduring First Peoples’ presence, suggests that traditional Noongar knowledge is valuable and necessary for south-west Australian biodiversity conservation. Similar cultural investigations in other OCBIL-dominated global biodiversity hotspots may prove profitable.

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