scholarly journals Cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation in association with feather mosses: moss as boss?

2013 ◽  
Vol 200 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet I. Sprent ◽  
John C. Meeks
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Feather Mosses

Early response of biological nitrogen fixation in a mature oak dominated forest to elevated atmospheric CO2 fumigation at BIFoR-FACE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Ernesto Saiz Val ◽  
Fotis Sgouridis ◽  
Falko Drijfhout
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Hypnum Cupressiforme ◽  
Feather Moss ◽  
Feather Mosses ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

<p>Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations are stimulating photosynthesis and carbon sequestration. However, the extent of photosynthetic stimulation in forests under future climates is highly uncertain given that nutrient limitation in soils may constrain the CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization effect. The Birmingham Institute of Forest Research (BIFoR), University of Birmingham established the only global mature temperate deciduous forests Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment to study the response of forests to future climates. Fumigation of the forest with ~550 ppm CO<sub>2</sub> started in 2017 and will continue until at least 2026. Soil nutrients cycling including nitrogen transformation in response to elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> (eCO<sub>2</sub>) fumigation is currently investigated to determine the role of nutrient availability in carbon capture by forests. In this paper, we show preliminary results of the response of asymbiotic biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soils and epiphytic bryophytes at BIFoR-FACE following a year of eCO<sub>2</sub> fumigation. It is hypothesized that the demand for available nitrogen by trees will increase under eCO<sub>2</sub> and that competition of roots and soil microbes for available nitrogen will enhance asymbiotic BNF to at least meet microbial metabolic nitrogen demands in the long run. Surface soils (0-5 cm) and epiphytic feather moss (Hypnum cupressiforme) growing on oak tree stems in the FACE site were  collected during the second year of eCO<sub>2</sub> fumigation for the quantification of BNF activity using the <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> assimilation methods (Saiz et al. 2019). Samples were incubated in 50 mL serum bottles under in situ conditions, followed by the analysis of soil and tissue samples for <sup>15</sup>N signature on an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer for the quantification of BNF activity.</p><p>The BNF activity under eCO<sub>2</sub> were 369% higher than in soils under ambient atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>. BNF rates associated with feather mosses (Hypnum cupressiforme) did not differ between the eCO<sub>2</sub> and control plots; however, rates under eCO<sub>2</sub> on average were 60% lower than in the control plots. Unlike soils, the moisture of feather mosses correlated significantly (R<sup>2</sup> = 51%) with BNF activity. Among nutrients in soil with implications for BNF activity, the concentrations of Mg, K, Co and Ni were significantly lower in soils under eCO<sub>2</sub> than in the control plots, while in feather moss tissues no differences were observed.  Our preliminary results show that eCO<sub>2</sub> fumigation primed asymbiotic BNF activity in soils. An enhancement of BNF together with the observation of a relatively low nutrient content under eCO<sub>2</sub> points to important changes in nitrogen cycling processes in the early years of CO<sub>2</sub> fumigation. Further detailed studies are underway to fully disentangle controls on nitrogen availability to trees under future climates.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Reference</strong></p><p>Saiz, E, Sgouridis, F, Drifjhout, F & Ullah, S. 2019. Biological nitrogen fixation in peatlands: comparison between acetylene reduction assay and <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> assimilation methods. Soil Biol. Biochem:131:157-165</p>

Factors controlling nitrogen fixation in temperate seagrass beds

2015 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
PLM Cook ◽  
V Evrard ◽  
RJ Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Seagrass Beds

NEW CLOVER CULTIVARS FOR WAIKATO DAIRY PASTURE: ESTABLISHMENT, PRODUCTION AND NITROGEN FIXATION DURING THE FIRST YEAR

1988 ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
S.F. Ledgard ◽  
G.J. Brier ◽  
R.N. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
First Year ◽  
Buried Seed

Clover cultivars grown with ryegrass were compared in an establishment year under dairy cow grazing. There was no difference in total annual productton but summer production was greater with Pawera red clover and with Kopu or Pitau white clovers. Clovers differed little in the proportion of nitrogen fixed, except during summer when values were highest for Pawera. Pawera was less prone to nematode attack than white clover cultivars but was more susceptible to clover rot. Resident clovers and high buried seed levels (e.g., 11-91 kg/ha) made introduction of new clover cultivars difficult. Sown clovers established best (50-70% of total clover plants) when drilled into soil treated with dicamba and glyphosate. Keywords: white clover, red clover, nematodes. nitrogen fixation, pasture renovation

A Study on the Farmers’ Awareness and Acceptance of Biofertilizers in Kottayam District

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Subin Thomas ◽  
Dr. M. Nandhini
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Area Data

Biofertilizers are fertilizers containing microorganisms that promote plant growth by improving the supply of nutrients to the host plant. The supply of nutrients is improved naturally by nitrogen fixation and solubilizing phosphorus. The living microorganisms in biofertilizers help in building organic matter in the soil and restoring the natural nutrient cycle. Biofertilizers can be grouped into Nitrogen-fixing biofertilizers, Phosphorous-solubilizing biofertilizers, Phosphorous-mobilizing biofertilizers, Biofertilizers for micro nutrients and Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. This study conducted in Kottayam district was intended to identify the awareness and acceptance of biofertilizers among the farmers of the area. Data have been collected from 120 farmers by direct interviews with structured questionnaire.

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