AcuteToxoplasma gondiiinfection alters the number of neurons and the proportion of enteric glial cells in the duodenum in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. e13523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rosa Trevizan ◽  
Larissa Carla Lauer Schneider ◽  
Eduardo José de Almeida Araújo ◽  
João Luis Garcia ◽  
Nilza C. Buttow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells

scholarly journals Murine Esophagus Expresses Glial-Derived Central Nervous System Antigens

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3233
Author(s):  
Christopher Kapitza ◽  
Rittika Chunder ◽  
Anja Scheller ◽  
Katherine S. Given ◽  
Wendy B. Macklin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Proteolipid Protein ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells ◽  
Cell Type Specific Expression ◽  
Long Time

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been considered to specifically affect the central nervous system (CNS) for a long time. As autonomic dysfunction including dysphagia can occur as accompanying phenomena in patients, the enteric nervous system has been attracting increasing attention over the past years. The aim of this study was to identify glial and myelin markers as potential target structures for autoimmune processes in the esophagus. RT-PCR analysis revealed glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), proteolipid protein (PLP), and myelin basic protein (MBP) expression, but an absence of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in the murine esophagus. Selected immunohistochemistry for GFAP, PLP, and MBP including transgenic mice with cell-type specific expression of PLP and GFAP supported these results by detection of (1) GFAP, PLP, and MBP in Schwann cells in skeletal muscle and esophagus; (2) GFAP, PLP, but no MBP in perisynaptic Schwann cells of skeletal and esophageal motor endplates; (3) GFAP and PLP, but no MBP in glial cells surrounding esophageal myenteric neurons; and (4) PLP, but no GFAP and MBP in enteric glial cells forming a network in the esophagus. Our results pave the way for further investigations regarding the involvement of esophageal glial cells in the pathogenesis of dysphagia in MS.

scholarly journals The multiple faces of inflammatory enteric glial cells: is Crohn’s disease a gliopathy?

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. G1-G11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Pochard ◽  
Sabrina Coquenlorge ◽  
Marie Freyssinet ◽  
Philippe Naveilhan ◽  
Arnaud Bourreille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells ◽  
Glial Reactivity

Gone are the days when enteric glial cells (EGC) were considered merely satellites of enteric neurons. Like their brain counterpart astrocytes, EGC express an impressive number of receptors for neurotransmitters and intercellular messengers, thereby contributing to neuroprotection and to the regulation of neuronal activity. EGC also produce different soluble factors that regulate neighboring cells, among which are intestinal epithelial cells. A better understanding of EGC response to an inflammatory environment, often referred to as enteric glial reactivity, could help define the physiological role of EGC and the importance of this reactivity in maintaining gut functions. In chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut such as Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis, EGC exhibit abnormal phenotypes, and their neighboring cells are dysfunctional; however, it remains unclear whether EGC are only passive bystanders or active players in the pathophysiology of both disorders. The aim of the present study is to review the physiological roles and properties of EGC, their response to inflammation, and their role in the regulation of the intestinal epithelial barrier and to discuss the emerging concept of CD as an enteric gliopathy.

Role of enteric glial cells in the toxicity of phycotoxins: Investigation with a tri-culture intestinal cell model

2021 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Océane Reale ◽  
Dorina Bodi ◽  
Antoine Huguet ◽  
Valérie Fessard
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells

Enteric glial cells are associated with stress-induced colonic hyper-contraction in maternally separated rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1010-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fujikawa ◽  
K. Tominaga ◽  
F. Tanaka ◽  
T. Tanigawa ◽  
T. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells

420 Are Morphological Changes Caused by Acute and Chronic Stresses in Enteric Glial Cells of the Colon Reversible or Irreversible Throughout Aging in Rats?

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. S-90
Author(s):  
Kazunari Tominaga ◽  
Yoshiko Fujikawa ◽  
Fumio Tanaka ◽  
Hirokazu Yamagami ◽  
Tetsuya Tanigawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells

Assemblages A and B of Giardia duodenalis reduce enteric glial cells in the small intestine in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 2025-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Felgueira Pavanelli ◽  
Cristiane Maria Colli ◽  
Renata Coltro Bezagio ◽  
Marcelo Biondaro Góis ◽  
Gessilda de Alcântara Nogueira de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Giardia Duodenalis ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells

Enteric glial cells exert neuroprotection from hyperglycemia-induced damage via Akt/GSK3β pathway

Neuroreport ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Luo ◽  
Wen-Xi He ◽  
Cai Li ◽  
Mu-Jun Chang
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Enteric Glial Cells
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