Spatiotemporal characteristics of the pharyngeal event-related potential in healthy subjects and older patients with oropharyngeal dysfunction

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. e12916 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rofes ◽  
O. Ortega ◽  
N. Vilardell ◽  
L. Mundet ◽  
P. Clavé
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Spatiotemporal Characteristics ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysfunction

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between Lund-Mackay scale, olfactory bulb depth and width, and Keros classification in patients with nasal polyps?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (44) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Ziya Şencan ◽  
Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽  
Mikail Inal ◽  
Selmin Perihan Kömürcü Erkmen ◽  
Ela Cömert
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Bulb ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract OBJECTIVE. We investigated the relationship between Lund-Mackay scale, olfactory bulb depth and width, and Keros classification in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). MATERIAL AND METHODS. In this retrospective study, paranasal sinus computed tomography (PNSCT) images of 47 patients with CRSwNP and 47 healthy subjects (control) were evaluated. In the CRSwNP group, PNSCT scans were assessed based on Lund-Mackay scale. In both groups, olfactory fossae (OF) depth and width, and Keros classification were evaluated. RESULTS. The total Lund-Mackay score was 17.1±5.9. There were no significant differences between OF depth and width values of the nasal polyps group and control group. For both groups, Type II Keros was the most detected type; secondly, Keros type I and rarely Keros type III were detected. There was no significant correlation between Lund-Mackay score (All items and total score) and OF depth and width, and Keros type. There were negative correlations between ipsilateral OF depth and width (p<0.05), whereas there were positive correlations between contralateral OF depth and width (p>0.05). Keros type was positively correlated between ipsilateral and contralateral OF depth and Keros type (p<0.05). In older patients, left OF depth and Keros type decreased (p<0.05). CONCLUSION. As a conclusion, there was no correlation between Lund-Mackay score and olfactory fossa dimensions (depth and width). When considering age, one could notice that Keros type decreased in older patients.

scholarly journals 509 A biochemical approach to atrial fibrillation in older patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_G) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Ricciardi ◽  
Giuseppe Pieraccini ◽  
Claudia Di Serio ◽  
Giancarlo La Marca ◽  
Stefano Fumagalli
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Laboratory Activity

Abstract Aims Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia among the elderly. It is characterized by a disordered electrical activity of the atria and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of AF is not completely understood as it depends on a multifactorial combination of electrical and structural remodelling and inflammation. Metabolomics is the study of the small molecules present in a given biological sample and it has been widely used to determine the metabolic signatures of certain diseases. Untargeted metabolomics consists of a comprehensive screening of all measurable metabolites to identify patterns related to a certain disease, while targeted metabolomics aims at analysing a defined group of metabolites belonging to a specific metabolic pathway or class of compounds. Mass spectrometry (MS), coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) offers the possibility of performing quantitative analyses with high selectivity and sensitivity. Aims of this project were to understand the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the onset of AF. Methods We compared plasma samples of older patients with AF with those of healthy subjects. We started from untargeted metabolomics to explore the whole metabolome; then we focused on the lipidomic profile, and, finally, we measured the plasma concentration of acylcarnitines and some amino acids, known to be diagnostic markers of certain metabolic diseases. Fifty patients (age: 76 ± 6 years) and 26 healthy subjects (age: 65 ±19 years) were recruited for the study. A blood sample was drawn by each patient. Samples for metabolomics and lipidomics were processed, respectively, with a GC-MS platform and with high-resolution LC-MS. Results Differences in diseased and healthy metabolomic and lipidomic profiles were not detected, while the concentration of some acylcarnitines and amino acids resulted to be significantly different in the two groups. In particular, two long-chain acylcarnitines (LCACs), C14 and C18:1, were more abundant in the plasma of AF patients, while glycine, which has scavenger properties, had a lower concentration. High levels of circulating LCACs have been associated with cardiovascular diseases and they are known to alter the heart electrophysiology, thus representing a possible marker of the development of arrhythmias. We can hypothesize that the different concentrations we found possibly reflect a higher oxidative and metabolic stress induced by the arrhythmia. Conclusions The alterations of the LCACs we found in AF patients could represent the basis to guide specific therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing the incidence of the hemodynamic and embolic complications of the arrhythmia. In particular, recent guidelines for the management of AF patients introduced the acronym ABC, which means ‘Avoid stroke’—A, ‘Better symptoms management’—B, and ‘Cardiovascular risk and comorbidity management’—C. In this sense, the present research represents an attempt to join and enrich the traditional clinical approach with data derived from laboratory activity, to improve the outcome of the oldest segment of cardiac patients, often presenting rhythm alterations.

scholarly journals Acute and subacute effects of oropharyngeal sensory stimulation with TRPV1 agonists in older patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia: a biomechanical and neurophysiological randomized pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628481984204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemí Tomsen ◽  
Omar Ortega ◽  
Laia Rofes ◽  
Viridiana Arreola ◽  
Alberto Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Laryngeal Vestibule ◽  
Transient Receptor

Background: Older people with oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) present a decline in pharyngeal sensory function. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to assess the biomechanical and neurophysiological effects of acute and subacute oropharyngeal sensory stimulation with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonists (capsaicinoids) in older patients with OD. Methods: We studied the effect of a single dose versus multiple doses (2 weeks) of oral capsaicin treatment (10–5 M) or placebo in 28 older patients with OD (81.2 ± 4.6 years) using videofluoroscopy (penetration-aspiration scale [PAS], timing of swallow response) and electroencephalography (EEG) (latency and amplitude of pharyngeal event-related potential [ERP]). Results: Acute stimulation by capsaicinoids 10–5 M did not improve swallow function and did not produce significant changes in pharyngeal ERP. In contrast, after 10 days of treatment, patients presented a clinically relevant and statistically significant reduction in the laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC) time (22.5%, p = 0.042), and in the PAS (24.2%, p = 0.038), compared with the placebo group. EEG results showed a reduction in the latency of the N1 peak (28.6%, p = 0.007) and an increase of the amplitude of the P1-N2 (59.4%, p = 0.038) and the N2-P2 (43.6%, p = 0.050) peaks. We observed a strong and significant correlation between the reduction in the latency of the N1 peak and change in LVC time after subacute treatment ( r = 0.750, p = 0.003). Conclusions: After 2 weeks of treatment, oropharyngeal sensory stimulation with capsaicinoids induced cortical changes that were correlated with improvements in swallowing biomechanics in older patients with OD. These results further show that sensory stimulation by TRPV1 agonists can become a useful pharmacological treatment for older patients with OD.

scholarly journals Effects of etizolam and ethyl loflazepate on the P300 event-related potential in healthy subjects

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Fukami ◽  
Tasuku Hashimoto ◽  
Yukihiko Shirayama ◽  
Tadashi Hasegawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
P300 Event Related Potential

scholarly journals Reliable and efficient recording of the error-related negativity with a speeded Eriksen Flanker Task

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Author(s):  
Franziska Suchan ◽  
Juliane Kopf ◽  
Heike Althen ◽  
Andreas Reif ◽  
Michael M. Plichta
Keyword(s):  
External Validity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Error Related Negativity

AbstractObjectiveThere is accumulating evidence that the error-related negativity (ERN), an event-related potential elicited after erroneous actions, is altered in different psychiatric disorders and may help to guide treatment options. Thus, the ERN is a promising candidate as a psychiatric biomarker. Basic methodological requirements for a biomarker are that their measurements are standardised and reliable. The aim of the present study was to establish ERN acquisition in a reliable, time-efficient and patient-friendly way for use in clinical practice.MethodsHealthy subjects performed a speeded Eriksen Flanker Task that increases the number of errors. In a test–retest design (N = 14) with two sessions separated by 28 days we assessed the reliability of the ERN. To ensure external validity, we aimed to replicate previously reported correlation patterns of ERN amplitude with (A) number of errors and (B) negative affect. In order to optimise the clinical use of the task, we determined to which extent the task can be shortened while keeping reliability &gt;0.80.ResultsWe found excellent reliability of the ERN (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.806–0.947) and replicated ERN correlation patterns. The task can be halved to a patient-friendly length of 200 trials (recorded in 8 min) keeping reliability &gt;0.80.ConclusionsThe modified task provides reliable and efficient recording of the ERN, facilitating its use as a psychiatric biomarker.

Olfactory Detection Thresholds Using Pyridine, Thiophene, and Phenethyl Alcohol

1980 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Perry ◽  
Shelley Frisch ◽  
Bruce Jafek ◽  
Mary Jafek
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Phenethyl Alcohol ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Olfactory Detection Thresholds ◽  
Olfactory Thresholds

An objective examination of olfactory function is needed for evaluation and clinical progression of patients with olfactory deficits. Two hundred sixty-eight healthy subjects were studied in order to establish olfactory thresholds for three test odorants. Subjects were required to simply detect the presence of an odor when comparing various log dilutions of test odorant against two “blank” flasks. These data have provided a means of quantitating existing olfactory deficits in affected patients. Olfactory function was found to be diminished in elderly subjects and should be considered a factor when evaluating older patients.

The Relation Between Event Related Potential and Working Memory in Healthy Subjects

2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Beydagi ◽  
Çigdem Özesmi ◽  
Alpaslan Yilmaz ◽  
Cem Süerd ◽  
Tolgay Ergenoglu
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Event Related Potential

Reflex Responses in Upper Limb Muscles to Cutaneous Stimuli

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Cutaneous Reflexes ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Conduction Velocities ◽  
Limb Muscles ◽  
Biphasic Responses

ABSTRACT:Cutaneous reflexes in the upper limb were elicited by stimulating digital nerves and recorded by averaging rectified EMG from proximal and distal upper limb muscles during voluntary contraction. Distal muscles often showed a triphasic response: an inhibition with onset about 50 ms (Il) followed by a facilitation with onset about 60 ms (E2) followed by another inhibition with onset about 80 ms (12). Proximal muscles generally showed biphasic responses beginning with facilitation or inhibition with onset at about 40 ms. Normal ranges for the amplitude of these components were established from recordings on 22 arms of 11 healthy subjects. An attempt was made to determine the alterent fibers responsible for the various components by varying the stimulus intensity, by causing ischemic block of larger fibers and by estimating the afferent conduction velocities. The central pathways mediating these reflexes were examined by estimating central delays and by studying patients with focal lesions

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document