Pancreatic polypeptide stimulates mouse gastric motor activity through peripheral neural mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. e12901 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amato ◽  
S. Baldassano ◽  
G. F. Caldara ◽  
F. Mulè
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Polypeptide ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity

scholarly journals The Role of Prostaglandins in Disrupted Gastric Motor Activity Associated With Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Blair ◽  
Sung Jin Hwang ◽  
Matthew C. Shonnard ◽  
Lauren E. Peri ◽  
Yulia Bayguinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity

scholarly journals Evidence that nitric oxide mechanisms regulate small intestinal motility in humans

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Russo ◽  
R Fraser ◽  
K Adachi ◽  
M Horowitz ◽  
G Boeckxstaens
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Small Intestinal Motility ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor

BackgroundNon-cholinergic non-adrenergic neural mechanisms involving nerves containing NO have been shown to modulate smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract, and it has been suggested that release from tonic NO inhibition may be important in the regulation of cyclical fasting small intestinal motility.AimsTo evaluate the role of NO mechanisms in the regulation of fasting small intestinal motor activity in humans using a specific NO synthase inhibitor,NG-monomethyl-l-arginine ( l-NMMA).MethodsIn seven healthy male volunteers, duodenal and jejunal pressures were measured for four hours with a nine lumen manometric catheter. Volunteers attended on four separate days on which they received an intravenous infusion of either saline or l-NMMA (0.5, 2, or 4 mg/kg/h) in random order. Intravenous infusions began 10 minutes after completion of phase III of the migrating motor complex (MMC).ResultsThe first episode of phase III activity occurred earlier after infusion of 2 and 4 mg/kg/h l-NMMA than after infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/hl-NMMA or saline (mean (95% confidence interval) 52 (36–68) and 57 (18–97) v 116 (69–193) and 145 (64–226) minutes respectively) with a resultant MMC cycle length of 82 (59–105) and 86 (46–126) v 132 (49–198) and 169 (98–240) minutes respectively. The total number of phase III activities during the four hour recording was increased (p<0.05) by l-NMMA at a dose of 4 mg/kg/h (2 (1–3)) but not at 2 mg/kg/h (1.5 (1–2)) or 0.5 mg/kg/h (1.3 (1–2)) compared with saline (1.3 (0.6–2)). l-NMMA had no effect on the duration, velocity, number of contractions per minute, length of migration, or site of origin of phase III of the MMC. The duration of phase I activity was shorter (p<0.05) with 4 mg/kg/hl-NMMA than with saline (12 (1–23)v 31 (19–44) minutes).ConclusionsThese observations suggest that NO mechanisms play a role in the regulation of fasting small intestinal motor activity in humans.

Gastric Emptying, Body Weight and Symptoms in Primary Anorexia Nervosa

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (3) ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Stacher ◽  
Thalia-Anthi Abatzi-Wenzel ◽  
Stefan Wiesnagrotzki ◽  
Helmar Bergmann ◽  
Christa Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Gastric Retention ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity

In a double-blind trial, 12 out-patients with primary anorexia nervosa received, for six weeks, either 10 mg cisapride or placebo, three times a day. Cisapride accelerated gastric emptying of a radiolabelled semisolid meal in all six patients; five gained weight and symptoms of gastric retention ameliorated in four. With placebo, three of six had emptying enhanced, four gained weight, and one's symptoms improved. For another six weeks, all patients received cisapride. In five of the patients who had received cisapride, emptying further accelerated or remained stable; in one it slowed. Of the six patients who received placebo, four had emptying accelerated, five gained weight, and symptoms improved in four. Longer administration of cisapride may, by enhancing gastric motor activity, alleviate symptoms of retention and thus help to change eating behaviour.

Effect of Gastrin on Gastric Motor Activity

1969 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoji Sugawara ◽  
Jaime Isaza ◽  
E.R. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity

scholarly journals Relationships among canine interdigestive exocrine pancreatic and biliary flow, duodenal motor activity, plasma pancreatic polypeptide, and motilin

1980 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank B. Keane ◽  
Eugene P. DiMagno ◽  
Roger R. Dozois ◽  
Vay Liang W. Go
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Polypeptide

scholarly journals Convergence of inhibitory neural inputs regulate motor activity in the murine and monkey stomach

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (5) ◽  
pp. G838-G851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara A. Shaylor ◽  
Sung Jin Hwang ◽  
Kenton M. Sanders ◽  
Sean M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Electrical Field Stimulation ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Primate Model ◽  
Distal Stomach ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity ◽  
Motor Nerves

Inhibitory motor neurons regulate several gastric motility patterns including receptive relaxation, gastric peristaltic motor patterns, and pyloric sphincter opening. Nitric oxide (NO) and purines have been identified as likely candidates that mediate inhibitory neural responses. However, the contribution from each neurotransmitter has received little attention in the distal stomach. The aims of this study were to identify the roles played by NO and purines in inhibitory motor responses in the antrums of mice and monkeys. By using wild-type mice and mutants with genetically deleted neural nitric oxide synthase ( Nos1 −/−) and P2Y1 receptors ( P2ry1 −/−) we examined the roles of NO and purines in postjunctional inhibitory responses in the distal stomach and compared these responses to those in primate stomach. Activation of inhibitory motor nerves using electrical field stimulation (EFS) produced frequency-dependent inhibitory junction potentials (IJPs) that produced muscle relaxations in both species. Stimulation of inhibitory nerves during slow waves terminated pacemaker events and associated contractions. In Nos1 −/− mice IJPs and relaxations persisted whereas in P2ry1 −/− mice IJPs were absent but relaxations persisted. In the gastric antrum of the non-human primate model Macaca fascicularis, similar NO and purine neural components contributed to inhibition of gastric motor activity. These data support a role of convergent inhibitory neural responses in the regulation of gastric motor activity across diverse species.

Effect of Muscarinic and Nicotinic Receptor Antagonism on Rat Gastric Motor Activity

Pharmacology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter Janssen ◽  
Lisa K.C. Karlsson ◽  
Maria Astin Nielsen ◽  
Per-Göran Gillberg ◽  
Leif Hultin
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Nicotinic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonism ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity

Influence of Gastric Acid Secretion on Interdigestive Gastric Motor Activity and Serum Motilin in the Elderly

Digestion ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bortolotti ◽  
G. Fradà ◽  
P. Vezzadini ◽  
G. Bonora ◽  
G. Barbagallo-Sangiorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gastric Motor Activity
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