scholarly journals Cortical Thickness in the Right Anterior Cingulate Cortex Relates to Clinical Response to Left Prefrontal Accelerated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Baeken ◽  
Vince van Beek ◽  
Marie‐Anne Vanderhasselt ◽  
Romain Duprat ◽  
Debby Klooster
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theta Burst

scholarly journals Cerebellar Theta-Burst Stimulation Impairs Memory Consolidation in Eyeblink Classical Conditioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Monaco ◽  
Lorenzo Rocchi ◽  
Francesca Ginatempo ◽  
Egidio D'Angelo ◽  
John C. Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Cerebellar Nuclei ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Deep Cerebellar Nuclei ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Conditioned Responses ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theta Burst

Associative learning of sensorimotor contingences, as it occurs in eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC), is known to involve the cerebellum, but its mechanism remains controversial. EBCC involves a sequence of learning processes which are thought to occur in the cerebellar cortex and deep cerebellar nuclei. Recently, the extinction phase of EBCC has been shown to be modulated after one week by cerebellar continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS). Here, we asked whether cerebellar cTBS could affect retention and reacquisition of conditioned responses (CRs) tested immediately after conditioning. We also investigated a possible lateralized cerebellar control of EBCC by applying cTBS on both the right and left cerebellar hemispheres. Both right and left cerebellar cTBSs induced a statistically significant impairment in retention and new acquisition of conditioned responses (CRs), the disruption effect being marginally more effective when the left cerebellar hemisphere was stimulated. These data support a model in which cTBS impairs retention and reacquisition of CR in the cerebellum, possibly by interfering with the transfer of memory to the deep cerebellar nuclei.

scholarly journals Single Session Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Ameliorates Hand Gesture Deficits in Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Walther ◽  
Maribel Kunz ◽  
Manuela Müller ◽  
Caroline Zürcher ◽  
Irena Vladimirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Hand Gesture ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theta Burst

Abstract Social interaction is impaired in schizophrenia, including the use of hand gestures, which is linked to poor social perception and outcome. Brain imaging suggests reduced neural activity in a left-lateralized frontoparietal network during gesture preparation; therefore, gesturing might be improved through facilitation of left hemispheric brain areas or via disruption of interhemispheric inhibition from the right homolog. This study tested whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols would improve gesture performance in schizophrenia. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial applied 3 different protocols of rTMS separated by 48 h. Twenty right-handed schizophrenia patients and 20 matched healthy controls received facilitatory intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) over the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), inhibitory continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) over right inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and placebo over left IPL in randomized order. Primary outcome was change in the test of upper limb apraxia (TULIA), rated from video recordings of hand gesture performance. Secondary outcome was change in manual dexterity using the coin rotation task. Participants improved on both tasks following rTMS compared with baseline. Only patients improved gesture performance following right IPL cTBS compared with placebo (P = .013). The results of the coin rotation parallel those of the TULIA, with improvements following right IPL cTBS in patients (P = .001). Single sessions of cTBS on the right IPL substantially improved both gesture performance accuracy and manual dexterity. The findings point toward an inhibition of interhemispheric rivalry as a potential mechanism of action.

Anatomy of Motor Learning. I. Frontal Cortex and Attention to Action

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1313-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jueptner ◽  
K. M. Stephan ◽  
C. D. Frith ◽  
D. J. Brooks ◽  
R.S.J. Frackowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
New Learning ◽  
The Right

Jueptner, M., K. M. Stephan, C. D. Frith, D. J. Brooks, R.S.J. Frackowiak, and R. E. Passingham. Anatomy of motor learning. I. Frontal cortex and attention to action. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 1313–1324, 1997. We used positron emission tomography to study new learning and automatic performance in normal volunteers. Subjects learned sequences of eight finger movements by trial and error. In a previous experiment we showed that the prefrontal cortex was activated during new learning but not during automatic performance. The aim of the present experiment was to see what areas could be reactivated if the subjects performed the prelearned sequence but were required to pay attention to what they were doing. Scans were carried out under four conditions. In the first the subjects performed a prelearned sequence of eight key presses; this sequence was learned before scanning and was practiced until it had become overlearned, so that the subjects were able to perform it automatically. In the second condition the subjects learned a new sequence during scanning. In a third condition the subjects performed the prelearned sequence, but they were required to attend to what they were doing; they were instructed to think about the next movement. The fourth condition was a baseline condition. As in the earlier study, the dorsal prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate area 32 were activated during new learning, but not during automatic performance. The left dorsal prefrontal cortex and the right anterior cingulate cortex were reactivated when subjects paid attention to the performance of the prelearned sequence compared with automatic performance of the same task. It is suggested that the critical feature was that the subjects were required to attend to the preparation of their responses. However, the dorsal prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex were activated more when the subjects learned a new sequence than they were when subjects simply paid attention to a prelearned sequence. New learning differs from the attention condition in that the subjects generated moves, monitored the outcomes, and remembered the responses that had been successful. All these are nonroutine operations to which the subjects must attend. Further analysis is needed to specify which are the nonroutine operations that require the involvement of the dorsal prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex.

Immunometabolic dysregulation is associated with reduced cortical thickness of the anterior cingulate cortex

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura S. van Velzen ◽  
Lianne Schmaal ◽  
Yuri Milaneschi ◽  
Marie-José van Tol ◽  
Nic J.A. van der Wee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

Theta-burst stimulation of the right neocerebellar vermis selectively disrupts the practice-induced acceleration of lexical decisions.

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 724-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgos P. Argyropoulos ◽  
Vasilios K. Kimiskidis ◽  
Sotirios Papagiannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Lexical Decisions ◽  
The Right ◽  
Theta Burst ◽  
Stimulation Of

scholarly journals Theta Burst Stimulation Enhances Connectivity of the Dorsal Attention Network in Young Healthy Subjects: An Exploratory Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubomira Anderkova ◽  
Dominik Pizem ◽  
Patricia Klobusiakova ◽  
Martin Gajdos ◽  
Eva Koritakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Superior Parietal Lobule ◽  
Theta Burst Stimulation ◽  
Burst Stimulation ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Dorsal Attention Network ◽  
Parietal Lobule ◽  
Theta Burst

We examined effects of theta burst stimulation (TBS) applied over two distinct cortical areas (the right inferior frontal gyrus and the left superior parietal lobule) on the Stroop task performance in 20 young healthy subjects. Neural underpinnings of the behavioral effect were tested using fMRI. A single session of intermittent TBS of the left superior parietal lobule induced certain cognitive speed enhancement and significantly increased resting-state connectivity of the dorsal attention network. This is an exploratory study that prompts further research with multiple-session TBS in subjects with cognitive impairment.

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