Randomized Controlled Trials in Functional Neurosurgery—Association of Device Approval Status and Trial Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 496-501
Author(s):  
Tej D. Azad ◽  
Austin Y. Feng ◽  
Swapnil Mehta ◽  
Alex B. Bak ◽  
Eli Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Functional Neurosurgery ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Trial Quality ◽  
Device Approval

The Effect of Partly Missing Covariates on Statistical Power in Randomized Controlled Trials With Discrete-Time Survival Endpoints

Methodology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Shahab Jolani ◽  
Maryam Safarkhani
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Discrete Time ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Missing Covariates ◽  
Indicator Method ◽  
Imputation Methods ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Baseline Covariates

Abstract. In randomized controlled trials (RCTs), a common strategy to increase power to detect a treatment effect is adjustment for baseline covariates. However, adjustment with partly missing covariates, where complete cases are only used, is inefficient. We consider different alternatives in trials with discrete-time survival data, where subjects are measured in discrete-time intervals while they may experience an event at any point in time. The results of a Monte Carlo simulation study, as well as a case study of randomized trials in smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), indicated that single and multiple imputation methods outperform the other methods and increase precision in estimating the treatment effect. Missing indicator method, which uses a dummy variable in the statistical model to indicate whether the value for that variable is missing and sets the same value to all missing values, is comparable to imputation methods. Nevertheless, the power level to detect the treatment effect based on missing indicator method is marginally lower than the imputation methods, particularly when the missingness depends on the outcome. In conclusion, it appears that imputation of partly missing (baseline) covariates should be preferred in the analysis of discrete-time survival data.

Interventions for suicide and self-injury: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials across nearly 50 years of research.

2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (12) ◽  
pp. 1117-1145
Author(s):  
Kathryn R. Fox ◽  
Xieyining Huang ◽  
Eleonora M. Guzmán ◽  
Kensie M. Funsch ◽  
Christine B. Cha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Self Injury

Randomized Controlled Trials in the Context of Behavioral Medicine

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Steel ◽  
Leigh A. Gemmell ◽  
David A. Geller ◽  
Michael Spring ◽  
Jonathan Grady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Medicine ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled
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