scholarly journals Use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, the trabecular bone score and quantitative computed tomography in the evaluation of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders

Nephrology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Pocock
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Score ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Bone Disorders ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Osteoporosis dan Osteodistrofi pada Anak

Sari Pediatri ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Frida Soesanti
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Osteogenesis Imperfecta ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Bone Disorders ◽  
X Ray

Osteoporosis anak saat ini merupakan salah satu kelainan penting yang melibatkan hampir semua subspesialisasi. Berbeda dengan definisi osteoporosis pada orang dewasa, diagnosis osteoporosis pada anak tidak hanya ditentukan oleh densitas mineral tulang yang diukur dengan DXA (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry). Osteoporosis primer terjadi akibat kelainan genetik, misalnya osteogenesis imperfecta dan osteoporosis juvenil idiopatik. Osteoporosis disebut sekunder jika timbul akibat penyakit kronik yang mendasari atau terapi penyakit tersebut. Kemajuan teknologi kedokteran meningkatkan survival anak-anak dengan penyakit kronik atau penyakit yang mengancam nyawa. Banyak terapi medikamentosa ini memiliki efek jangka panjang pada tubuh, termasuk osteoporosis. Disfungsi endokrin, imobilitas, faktor nutrisi, penyakit kronik dan kondisi inflamasi kronik memengaruhi terjadinya osteoporosis sekunder pada anak. Pada anak dengan penyakit ginjak kronik, terjadi gangguan metabolism tulang, remodeling and modelling tulang yang menyebabkan suatu kondisi yang disebut dengan chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBD), termasuk di dalamnya adalah osteodistrofi renal. Terapi osteoporosis pada anak masih merupakan suatu tantangan tersendiri. Tata laksana terbaik pada osteoporosis sekunder dan CKD-MBD adalah pencegahan. Deteksi dini kemungkinan terjadinya gangguan metabolisme tulang dan osteoporosis penting untuk mengoptimalkan kesehatan tulang anak, mencegah osteoporosis dan kemungkinan fraktur, yang pada akhirnya mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. 

scholarly journals The Use of Imaging Techniques in Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorders (CKD-MBD)—A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 772
Author(s):  
Ana Pimentel ◽  
Jordi Bover ◽  
Grahame Elder ◽  
Martine Cohen-Solal ◽  
Pablo Antonio Ureña-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Vertebral Fracture Assessment ◽  
Vascular Calcifications ◽  
Ckd Stage

Although frequently silent, mineral and bone disease (MBD) is one of the most precocious complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is omnipresent in patients with CKD stage 5. Its pathophysiology is complex, but basically, disturbances in vitamin D, phosphate, and calcium metabolism lead to a diverse range of clinical manifestations with secondary hyperparathyroidism usually being the most frequent. With the decline in renal function, CKD-MBD may induce microstructural changes in bone, vascular system and soft tissues, which results in macrostructural lesions, such as low bone mineral density (BMD) resulting in skeletal fractures, vascular and soft tissue calcifications. Moreover, low BMD, fractures, and vascular calcifications are linked with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. Therefore, a better characterization of CKD-MBD patterns, beyond biochemical markers, is helpful to adapt therapies and monitor strategies as used in the general population. An in-depth characterization of bone health is required, which includes an evaluation of cortical and trabecular bone structure and density and the degree of bone remodeling through bone biomarkers. Standard radiological imaging is generally used for the diagnosis of fracture or pseudo-fractures, vascular calcifications and other features of CKD-MBD. However, bone fractures can also be diagnosed using computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA). Fracture risk can be predicted by bone densitometry using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QTC) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQTC), quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and most recently magnetic resonance micro-imaging. Quantitative methods to assess bone consistency and strength complete the study and adjust the clinical management when integrated with clinical factors. The aim of this review is to provide a brief and comprehensive update of imaging techniques available for the diagnosis, prevention, treatment and monitoring of CKD-MBD.

scholarly journals Interrelationships of body weight and bone weight with densitometric properties of tibiotarsal bone in geese during post-hatching development

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 682-690
Author(s):  
A. Charuta ◽  
MR Tatara ◽  
M. Dzierzecka ◽  
E. Polawska ◽  
I. Ptaszynska-Sarosiek
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Different Parts

The aim of this study was to evaluate interrelationships of body weight and bone weight and densitometric properties of the tibiotarsus in White Koluda Geese (W31) in the post-hatching period. The study was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) at two different parts of tibia: proximal metaphysis and mid-diaphysis. The investigation was performed on 100 bones obtained from males and females at the age of 1, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days of life. All the calculations were performed using the Statistica 9.0 software (StatSoft, Inc. Tulsa, USA). Pearson’s correlation coefficient of body weight and bone weight with all the investigated variables of bone was determined. Depending on the method used for densitometric measurements – DEXA or pQCT, the current study has revealed significant differences in the number of correlations of bone weight and body weight with the evaluated densitometric parameters. Sex-related differences in the investigated interrelationships were also found. In the case of proximal epiphysis, negative correlations of vBMD, tBMC, CTR_DEN and CRT_CNT with body weight and bone weight dominated in one-day-old males. Based on the current observations and the negative correlations of body weight and vBMD, CRT_DEN and TRAB_DEN obtained in the mid-diaphysis of tibiotarsus at the age of 14 days of life, it was concluded that this bone is much more prone to deformations and fractures in males than in females.

Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry Monitoring with Trabecular Bone Score: 2019 ISCD Official Position

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Krohn ◽  
Elliott N. Schwartz ◽  
Yoon-Sok Chung ◽  
E. Michael Lewiecki
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Trabecular Bone Score ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Official Position
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