Evaluation of large volume yeast interfering RNA lure‐and‐kill ovitraps for attraction and control of Aedes mosquitoes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Hapairai ◽  
K. Mysore ◽  
L. D. James ◽  
N. D. Scheel ◽  
J. S. Realey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna

scholarly journals Histone H3 as a novel substrate for MAP kinase phosphatase-1

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (2) ◽  
pp. C242-C249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corttrell M. Kinney ◽  
Unni M. Chandrasekharan ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Jianzhong Shen ◽  
Michael Kinter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Map Kinase ◽  
Map Kinases ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Dual Specificity ◽  
Map Kinase Phosphatase ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is a nuclear, dual-specificity phosphatase that has been shown to dephosphorylate MAP kinases. We used a “substrate-trap” technique involving a mutation in MKP-1 of the catalytically critical cysteine to a serine residue (“CS” mutant) to capture novel MKP-1 substrates. We transfected the MKP-1 (CS) mutant and control (wild-type, WT) constructs into phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-activated COS-1 cells. MKP-1-substrate complexes were immunoprecipitated, which yielded four bands of 17, 15, 14, and 10 kDa with the CS MKP-1 mutant but not the WT MKP-1. The bands were identified by mass spectrometry as histones H3, H2B, H2A, and H4, respectively. Histone H3 was phosphorylated, and purified MKP-1 dephosphorylated histone H3 (phospho-Ser-10) in vitro; whereas, histone H3 (phospho-Thr-3) was unaffected. We have previously shown that thrombin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) upregulated MKP-1 in human endothelial cells (EC). We now show that both thrombin and VEGF caused dephosphorylation of histone H3 (phospho-Ser-10) and histone H3 (phospho-Thr-3) in EC with kinetics consistent with MKP-1 induction. Furthermore, MKP-1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented VEGF- and thrombin-induced H3 (phospho-Ser-10) dephosphorylation but had no effect on H3 (phospho-Thr-3 or Thr-11) dephosphorylation. In summary, histone H3 is a novel substrate of MKP-1, and VEGF- and thrombin-induced H3 (phospho-Ser-10) dephosphorylation requires MKP-1. We propose that MKP-1-mediated H3 (phospho-Ser-10) dephosphorylation is a key regulatory step in EC activation by VEGF and thrombin.

scholarly journals Carbon nanocarriers deliver siRNA to intact plant cells for efficient gene knockdown

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
pp. eaaz0495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozde S. Demirer ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Natalie S. Goh ◽  
Rebecca L. Pinals ◽  
Roger Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sirna Delivery ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Intact Plant ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Efficient Gene ◽  
Dna Vectors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna

Posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a powerful tool to understand and control plant metabolic pathways, which is central to plant biotechnology. PTGS is commonly accomplished through delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cells. Standard plant siRNA delivery methods (Agrobacterium and viruses) involve coding siRNA into DNA vectors and are only tractable for certain plant species. Here, we develop a nanotube-based platform for direct delivery of siRNA and show high silencing efficiency in intact plant cells. We demonstrate that nanotubes successfully deliver siRNA and silence endogenous genes, owing to effective intracellular delivery and nanotube-induced protection of siRNA from nuclease degradation. This study establishes that nanotubes could enable a myriad of plant biotechnology applications that rely on RNA delivery to intact cells.

scholarly journals Community acceptance of yeast interfering RNA larvicide technology for control of Aedes mosquitoes in Trinidad

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0237675
Author(s):  
Akilah T. M. Stewart ◽  
Nikhella Winter ◽  
Jessica Igiede ◽  
Limb K. Hapairai ◽  
Lester D. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Acceptance ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Interfering Rna

scholarly journals Pruning Height and Selective Limb Removal Affect Yield of Large 'Hass' Avocado Trees

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.G. Thorp ◽  
B. Stowell
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Harvest Efficiency ◽  
Hass Avocado ◽  
And Control

Avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) trees were pruned over 3 years at either 4 or 6 m in height by removing or heading back selected limbs. Yields were compared with those from control trees with no pruning in the upper canopy. All trees had similar crop loads before pruning. Trees were at 9 × 10-m spacing and were 8 years old when first pruned. Fruit yields were recorded for 2 years before the first pruning and then in each year of pruning. In the final year, trees were harvested in four height zones: 0-2m; 2-4 m; 4-6 m; and >6 m. Cumulative yields over 3 years were similar on 6-m and control trees, but were less on 4-m trees due to the large volume of fruiting canopy removed in the first pruning. The height of the main fruiting zone was lowered on the 4-m trees, with yields in the 2-4-m zone similar to those in the 4-6-m zone of the control trees. Pruning to reduce the number and length of scaffold branches increased fruit yields on the remaining scaffolds without reducing fruit size. Results are discussed in terms of harvest efficiency and the benefits of small tree orchard systems.

scholarly journals JAM-A associates with ZO-2, afadin, and PDZ-GEF1 to activate Rap2c and regulate epithelial barrier function

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 2849-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Monteiro ◽  
Ronen Sumagin ◽  
Carl R. Rankin ◽  
Giovanna Leoni ◽  
Michael J. Mina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Paracellular Permeability ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Epithelial Permeability ◽  
Functional Link ◽  
Epithelial Barrier Function ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna

Intestinal barrier function is regulated by epithelial tight junctions (TJs), structures that control paracellular permeability. Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) is a TJ-associated protein that regulates barrier; however, mechanisms linking JAM-A to epithelial permeability are poorly understood. Here we report that JAM-A associates directly with ZO-2 and indirectly with afadin, and this complex, along with PDZ-GEF1, activates the small GTPase Rap2c. Supporting a functional link, small interfering RNA–mediated down-regulation of the foregoing regulatory proteins results in enhanced permeability similar to that observed after JAM-A loss. JAM-A–deficient mice and cultured epithelial cells demonstrate enhanced paracellular permeability to large molecules, revealing a potential role of JAM-A in controlling perijunctional actin cytoskeleton in addition to its previously reported role in regulating claudin proteins and small-molecule permeability. Further experiments suggest that JAM-A does not regulate actin turnover but modulates activity of RhoA and phosphorylation of nonmuscle myosin, both implicated in actomyosin contraction. These results suggest that JAM-A regulates epithelial permeability via association with ZO-2, afadin, and PDZ-GEF1 to activate Rap2c and control contraction of the apical cytoskeleton.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Acanthamoeba Myosin-IC as a Potential Therapeutic Target

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 2150-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen M. Martín-Navarro ◽  
Jacob Lorenzo-Morales ◽  
Atteneri López-Arencibia ◽  
María Reyes-Batlle ◽  
José E. Piñero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Potential Drug Target ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daughter Cells ◽  
Sirna Silencing ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna

ABSTRACTMembers of the genusAcanthamoebaare facultative pathogens of humans, causing a sight-threatening keratitis and a fatal encephalitis. We have targeted myosin-IC by using small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing as a therapeutic approach, since it is known that the function of this protein is vital for the amoeba. In this work, specific siRNAs against theAcanthamoebamyosin-IC gene were developed. Treated and control amoebae were cultured in growth and encystment media to evaluate the induced effects after myosin-IC gene knockdown, as we have anticipated that cyst formation may be impaired. The effects of myosin-IC gene silencing were inhibition of cyst formation, inhibition of completion of cytokinesis, inhibition of osmoregulation under osmotic stress conditions, and death of the amoebae. The finding that myosin-IC silencing caused incompletion of cytokinesis is in agreement with earlier suggestions that the protein plays a role in cell locomotion, which is necessary to pull daughter cells apart after mitosis in a process known as “traction-mediated cytokinesis”. We conclude that myosin-IC is a very promising potential drug target for the development of much-needed antiamoebal drugs and that it should be further exploited forAcanthamoebatherapy.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF REAL ESTATE OBJECTS SUBMITTED TO USRRE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Ekaterina N. Loseva
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
State Register ◽  
And Control ◽  
Relevance And Reliability

The importance of relevance and reliability of information is determined by a complex system of management and control of the use of real estate. Due to the large volume of data, it is necessary that the data in the system is clearly structured. For operational use of information, it is also necessary to structure it. The article describes the characteristics of real estate objects that are necessary for entering into the unified state register and presents their conditional classification.

scholarly journals Baicalein inhibits cell development in papillary thyroid cancer by regulating miR-206/RAP1B pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Liang Guo ◽  
Zhong Liang ◽  
Jianlin Lou ◽  
Jianqiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
And Control ◽  
Interfering Rna

Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic effect of baicalein on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cells in vitro and its underlying molecular mechanism.Methods: The human PTC cell line TPC-1 was divided into five groups and treated with distilled water or baicalein at 10, 20, 50, or 100 μM. Next, miR-206, miR-206 inhibitor, the respective negative controls of miR-206 and miR-206 inhibitor, RAP1B small interfering RNA (siRNA), and control vector siRNA were synthesized and transfected into TPC-1 cells. Cell viability, migration, and invasion were measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays. miR-206 expression and Ras-related protein (RAP1B) levels were assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.Results: Baicalein inhibited TPC-1 cell viability, migration and invasion, upregulated miR-206 expression, and reduced the RAP1B level in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.01). miR-206 negatively regulated RAP1B expression and increased the baicalein-induced reduction of RAP1B expression. Moreover, RAP1B overexpression relieved the suppression of cell viability, migration, and invasion caused by baicalein (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Baicalein suppresses cell growth in PTC cells by regulating the miR-206/RAP1B pathway, providing a new therapeutic strategy for PTC treatment. Keywords: Baicalein, Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), miR-206, RAP1B, Cell viability, Cell invasion

scholarly journals Interactions of the Insect-Specific Palm Creek Virus with Zika and Chikungunya Viruses in Aedes Mosquitoes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1652
Author(s):  
Cassandra Koh ◽  
Annabelle Henrion-Lacritick ◽  
Lionel Frangeul ◽  
Maria-Carla Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Small Interfering Rna ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Infection Dynamics ◽  
Laboratory Colonies ◽  
Interfering Rna

Palm Creek virus (PCV) is an insect-specific flavivirus that can interfere with the replication of mosquito-borne flaviviruses in Culex mosquitoes, thereby potentially reducing disease transmission. We examined whether PCV could interfere with arbovirus replication in Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, major vectors for many prominent mosquito-borne viral diseases. We infected laboratory colonies of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus with PCV to evaluate infection dynamics. PCV infection was found to persist to at least 21 days post-infection and could be detected in the midguts and ovaries. We then assayed for PCV–arbovirus interference by orally challenging PCV-infected mosquitoes with Zika and chikungunya viruses. For both arboviruses, PCV infection had no effect on infection and transmission rates, indicating limited potential as a method of intervention for Aedes-transmitted arboviruses. We also explored the hypothesis that PCV–arbovirus interference is mediated by the small interfering RNA pathway in silico. Our findings indicate that RNA interference is unlikely to underlie the mechanism of arbovirus inhibition and emphasise the need for empirical examination of individual pairs of insect-specific viruses and arboviruses to fully understand their impact on arbovirus transmission.

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