scholarly journals Pseudomonas viridiflava : An internal outsider of the Pseudomonas syringae species complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Savana M. Lipps ◽  
Deborah A. Samac
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava

scholarly journals Recombination of ecologically and evolutionarily significant loci maintains genetic cohesion in the Pseudomonas syringae species complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus M. Dillon ◽  
Shalabh Thakur ◽  
Renan N. D. Almeida ◽  
Pauline W. Wang ◽  
Bevan S. Weir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Species Complex

scholarly journals The Structure of the Pyoverdin Isolated from Various Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Jülich ◽  
Kambiz Taraz ◽  
Herbert Budzikiewicz ◽  
Valerie Geoffroy ◽  
Jean-Marie Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Definite Advantage ◽  
Plant Infection ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae Pathovars

AbstractFrom seven different pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae representing various genetic subgroups, and one strain of Pseudomonas viridiflava the same pyoverdin siderophore (1) was isolated, probably identical with the pyoverdin whose amino acid composition (but not their sequence) had been reported before. 1 is the first pyoverdin where two of the ligands for Fe3+ are β-hydroxy Asp units. Its remarkably high complexing constant for Fe3+ at pH 5 as compared with other pyoverdins offers a definite advantage in plant infection. The structure elucidation of 1 will be described and the taxonomical implications regarding pyoverdins with different structures ascribed previously to P. syringae strains will be discussed.

The repB gene required for production of extracellular enzymes and fluorescent siderophores in Pseudomonas viridiflava is an analog of the gacA gene of Pseudomonas syringae

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-H. Liao ◽  
D. E. McCallus ◽  
J. M. Wells ◽  
S.-S. Tzean ◽  
G.-Y. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Response Regulator ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Pectate Lyase ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Repa Gene ◽  
Gene Regulatory System ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava

Two genes, designated repA and repB, are involved in the regulation of the synthesis of extracellular pectate lyase, protease, and alginate in Pseudomonas viridiflava. The repA gene has been shown to encode a protein highly homologous to several bacterial sensors in the two-component regulator family including the LemA of Pseudomonas syringae. In this study, the repB locus, initially identified in a 6.3-kb EcoRI genomic fragment of P. viridiflava, was further characterized. Results obtained from restriction mapping, deletion subclonings, and mini-Mu-LacZ fusions indicated that the repB gene was contained within a 0.8-kb HindIII–PstI region. Sequence analysis of this repB region revealed the presence of an open reading frame, which was predicted to encode a protein similar or identical to the gacA response regulator found in P. syringae and Pseudomonas fluorescens. The repB gene of P. viridiflava also regulated the production of fluorescent siderophores, in addition to the aforementioned extracellular enzymes and alginate. The repB or gacA homologs were detected in the genomes of nine other strains of P. viridiflava, P. fluorescens, and P. syringae included in the study. The data presented here and earlier indicate that the repA/repB gene regulatory system of P. viridiflava is analogous to the lemA/gacA system of P. syringae and P. fluorescens.Key words: response regulator, signal transduction, soft-rot bacteria, enzyme production.

scholarly journals Identification of an Emergent and Atypical Pseudomonas viridiflava Lineage Causing Bacteriosis in Plants of Agronomic Importance in a Spanish Region

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 2936-2941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana J. González ◽  
M. Rosario Rodicio ◽  
M. Carmen Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Arginine Dihydrolase ◽  
Pectinolytic Activity ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava ◽  
Dna Restriction ◽  
Rrna Sequences ◽  
Spanish Region

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas strains with an atypical LOPAT profile (where LOPAT is a series of determinative tests: L, levan production; O, oxidase production; P, pectinolitic activity; A, arginine dihydrolase production; and T, tobacco hypersensibility) can be regarded as emergent pathogens in the Principality of Asturias (Spain), where they have been causing, since 1999, severe damage in at least three taxonomically unrelated orchard plants of agronomic importance: common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa). These strains are mainly differentiated by production of yellowish mucoid material in hypersucrose medium, used for the levan test, and by a variable pectinolytic activity on different potato varieties. The atypical organisms were identified as Pseudomonas viridiflava based on their 16S rRNA sequences. Among them a certain intraspecies genetic heterogeneity was detected by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. To differentiate between isolates of P. viridiflava and Pseudomonas syringae pathovars, a 16S ribosomal DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism method employing the restriction endonucleases SacI and HinfI was developed. This could be used as a means of reliable species determination after the usual phenotypical characterization, which includes the LOPAT tests.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Structure and Biosynthesis of the Lipopolysaccharide Core Oligosaccharide of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3250
Author(s):  
Alexander Kutschera ◽  
Ursula Schombel ◽  
Dominik Schwudke ◽  
Stefanie Ranf ◽  
Nicolas Gisch
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Outer Core ◽  
Core Oligosaccharide ◽  
Structure Information ◽  
The Core ◽  
Genetic Components

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is important for bacterial viability in general and host–pathogen interactions in particular. Negative charges at its core oligosaccharide (core-OS) contribute to membrane integrity through bridging interactions with divalent cations. The molecular structure and synthesis of the core-OS have been resolved in various bacteria including the mammalian pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A few core-OS structures of plant-associated Pseudomonas strains have been solved to date, but the genetic components of the underlying biosynthesis remained unclear. We conducted a comparative genome analysis of the core-OS gene cluster in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000, a widely used model pathogen in plant–microbe interactions, within the P. syringae species complex and to other plant-associated Pseudomonas strains. Our results suggest a genetic and structural conservation of the inner core-OS but variation in outer core-OS composition within the P. syringae species complex. Structural analysis of the core-OS of Pst DC3000 shows an uncommonly high phosphorylation and presence of an O-acetylated sugar. Finally, we combined the results of our genomic survey with available structure information to estimate the core-OS composition of other Pseudomonas species.

scholarly journals Production and Comparison of Peptide Siderophores from Strains of Distantly Related Pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas viridiflava LMG 2352

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Bultreys ◽  
Isabelle Gheysen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Siderophore Production ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava ◽  
Biological Tests ◽  
Plant Surfaces

ABSTRACT The production of peptide siderophores and the variation in siderophore production among strains of Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas viridiflava were investigated. An antibiose test was used to select a free amino acid-containing agar medium favorable for production of fluorescent siderophores by two P. syringae strains. A culture technique in which both liquid and solid asparagine-containing culture media were used proved to be reproducible and highly effective for inducing production of siderophores in a liquid medium by the fluorescent Pseudomonas strains investigated. Using asparagine as a carbon source appeared to favor siderophore production, and relatively high levels of siderophores were produced when certain amino acids were used as the sole carbon and energy sources. Purified chelated siderophores of strains of P. syringae pv. syringae, P. syringae pv. aptata, P. syringaepv. morsprunorum, P. syringae pv. tomato, and P. viridiflava had the same amino acid composition and spectral characteristics and were indiscriminately used by these strains. In addition, nonfluorescent strains of P. syringae pv. aptata and P. syringae pv. morsprunorum were able to use the siderophores in biological tests. Our results confirmed the proximity of P. syringae and P. viridiflava; siderotyping between pathovars of P. syringae was not possible. We found that the spectral characteristics of the chelated peptide siderophores were different from the spectral characteristics of typical pyoverdins. Our results are discussed in relation to the ecology of the organisms and the conditions encountered on plant surfaces.

scholarly journals Recombination of ecologically and evolutionarily significant loci maintains genetic cohesion in thePseudomonas syringaespecies complex

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus M. Dillon ◽  
Shalabh Thakur ◽  
Renan N.D. Almeida ◽  
David S. Guttman
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Orthologous Gene ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Biological Species ◽  
Genetic Exchange ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Pan Genome ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACTPseudomonas syringaeis a highly diverse bacterial species complex capable of causing a wide range of serious diseases on numerous agronomically important crop species. Here, we examine the evolutionary relationships of 391 agricultural and environmental strains from theP. syringaespecies complex using whole-genome sequencing and evolutionary genomic analyses. Our collection includes strains from 11 of the 13 previously described phylogroups isolated off of over 90 hosts. We describe the phylogenetic distribution of all orthologous gene families in theP. syringaepan-genome, reconstruct the phylogeny ofP. syringaeusing a core genome alignment and a hierarchical clustering analysis of pan-genome content, predict ecologically and evolutionary relevant loci, and establish the forces of molecular evolution operating on each gene family. We find that the common ancestor of the species complex likely carried a Rhizobium-like type III secretion system (TTSS) and later acquired the canonical TTSS. The phylogenetic analysis also showed that the species complex is subdivided into primary and secondary phylogroups based on genetic diversity and rates of genetic exchange. The primary phylogroups, which largely consist of agricultural isolates, are no more divergent than a number of other bacterial species, while the secondary phylogroups, which largely consists of environmental isolates, have levels of diversity more in line with multiple distinct species within a genus. An analysis of rates of recombination within and between phylogroups revealed a higher rate of recombination within primary phylogroups than between primary and secondary phylogroups. We also found that “ecologically significant” virulence-associated loci and “evolutionary significant” loci under positive selection are over-represented among loci that undergo inter-phylogroup genetic exchange. These results indicate that while inter-phylogroup recombination occurs relatively rarely in the species complex, it is an important force of genetic cohesion, particularly among the strains in the primary phylogroups. This level of genetic cohesion and the shared plant-associated niche argues for considering the primary phylogroups as a true biological species.

scholarly journals Variation at the common polysaccharide antigen locus drives lipopolysaccharide diversity within the Pseudomonas syringae species complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 5356-5372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Jayaraman ◽  
William T. Jones ◽  
Dawn Harvey ◽  
Lauren M. Hemara ◽  
Honour C. McCann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Polysaccharide Antigen ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Pseudomonas viridiflava and P. syringae—Natural Pathogens of Arabidopsis thaliana

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1195-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Jakob ◽  
Erica M. Goss ◽  
Hitoshi Araki ◽  
Tam Van ◽  
Martin Kreitman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Symptom Development ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Pseudomonas Viridiflava ◽  
Bacterial Growth Rates ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interactions

We report the isolation and identification of two natural pathogens of Arabidopsis thaliana, Pseudomonas viridiflava and Pseudomonas syringae, in the midwestern United States. P. viridiflava was found in six of seven surveyed Arabidopsis thaliana populations. We confirmed the presence in the isolates of the critical pathogenicity genes hrpS and hrpL. The pathogenicity of these isolates was verified by estimating in planta bacterial growth rates and by testing for disease symptoms and hypersensitive responses to A. thaliana. Infection of 21 A. thaliana ecotypes with six locally collected P. viridiflava isolates and with one P. syringae isolate showed both compatible (disease) and incompatible (resistance) responses. Significant variation in response to infection was evident among Arabidopsis ecotypes, both in terms of symptom development and in planta bacterial growth. The ability to grow and cause disease symptoms on particular ecotypes also varied for some P. viridiflava isolates. We believe that these pathogens will provide a powerful system for exploring coevolution in natural plant-pathogen interactions.

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