scholarly journals The role of type III effectors fromXanthomonas axonopodispv.manihotisin virulence and suppression of plant immunity

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Augusto Medina ◽  
Paola Andrea Reyes ◽  
Cesar Augusto Trujillo ◽  
Juan Luis Gonzalez ◽  
David Alejandro Bejarano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii

scholarly journals RNA Sequencing-Associated Study Identifies GmDRR1 as Positively Regulating the Establishment of Symbiosis in Soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 798-807
Author(s):  
Yan Shi ◽  
Zhanguo Zhang ◽  
Yingnan Wen ◽  
Guolong Yu ◽  
Jianan Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Soybean Chromosome ◽  
Lack Of Information

In soybean (Glycine max)-rhizobium interactions, the type III secretion system (T3SS) of rhizobium plays a key role in regulating host specificity. However, the lack of information on the role of T3SS in signaling networks limits our understanding of symbiosis. Here, we conducted an RNA sequencing analysis of three soybean chromosome segment substituted lines, one female parent and two derived lines with different chromosome-substituted segments of wild soybean and opposite nodulation patterns. By analyzing chromosome-linked differentially expressed genes in the substituted segments and quantitative trait loci (QTL)-assisted selection in the substituted-segment region, genes that may respond to type III effectors to mediate plant immunity–related signaling were identified. To narrow down the number of candidate genes, QTL assistant was used to identify the candidate region consistent with the substituted segments. Furthermore, one candidate gene, GmDRR1, was identified in the substituted segment. To investigate the role of GmDRR1 in symbiosis establishment, GmDRR1-overexpression and RNA interference soybean lines were constructed. The nodule number increased in the former compared with wild-type soybean. Additionally, the T3SS-regulated effectors appeared to interact with the GmDDR1 signaling pathway. This finding will allow the detection of T3SS-regulated effectors involved in legume-rhizobium interactions.

scholarly journals The Proteasome Acts as a Hub for Plant Immunity and Is Targeted by Pseudomonas Type III Effectors

2016 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 1941-1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suayib Üstün ◽  
Arsheed Sheikh ◽  
Selena Gimenez-Ibanez ◽  
Alexandra Jones ◽  
Vardis Ntoukakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii

Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III effectors in disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Engel ◽  
Priya Balachandran
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii

scholarly journals The Majority of the Type III Effector Inventory of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 Can Suppress Plant Immunity

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1069-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Guo ◽  
Fang Tian ◽  
Yashitola Wamboldt ◽  
James R. Alfano
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Tomato Dc3000 ◽  
Type Iii Effector ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Molecular Pattern ◽  
Effector Triggered Immunity ◽  
Type Iii Protein Secretion

The Pseudomonas syringae type III protein secretion system (T3SS) and the type III effectors it injects into plant cells are required for plant pathogenicity and the ability to elicit a hypersensitive response (HR). The HR is a programmed cell death that is associated with effector-triggered immunity (ETI). A primary function of P. syringae type III effectors appears to be the suppression of ETI and pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunity (PTI), which is induced by conserved molecules on microorganisms. We reported that seven type III effectors from P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 were capable of suppressing an HR induced by P. fluorescens(pHIR11) and have now tested 35 DC3000 type III effectors in this assay, finding that the majority of them can suppress the HR induced by HopA1. One newly identified type III effector with particularly strong HR suppression activity was HopS2. We used the pHIR11 derivative pLN1965, which lacks hopA1, in related assays and found that a subset of the type III effectors that suppressed HopA1-induced ETI also suppressed an ETI response induced by AvrRpm1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. A. thaliana plants expressing either HopAO1 or HopF2, two type III effectors that suppressed the HopA1-induced HR, were reduced in the flagellin-induced PTI response as well as PTI induced by other PAMPs and allowed enhanced in planta growth of P. syringae. Collectively, our results suggest that the majority of DC3000 type III effectors can suppress plant immunity. Additionally, the construct pLN1965 will likely be a useful tool in determining whether other type III effectors or effectors from other types of pathogens can suppress either ETI, PTI, or both.

scholarly journals Pangenomic type III effector database of the plant pathogenic Ralstonia spp.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus Raja Rubenstein Sabbagh ◽  
Sébastien Carrère ◽  
Fabien Lonjon ◽  
Fabienne Vailleau ◽  
Alberto P Macho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Wide Range

Background. The bacterial plant pathogenic Ralstonia species belong to the beta-proteobacteria order and are soil-borne pathogens causing the vascular bacterial wilt disease, affecting a wide range of plant hosts. These bacteria form a heterogeneous group considered as a “species complex”,” gathering three newly defined species. Like many other Gram negative plant pathogens, Ralstonia pathogenicity relies on a type III secretion system, enabling bacteria to secrete/inject a large repertoire of type III effectors into their plant host cells. T3Es are thought to participate in generating a favorable environment for the pathogen (countering plant immunity and modifying the host metabolism and physiology). Methods. Expert genome annotation, followed by specific type III-dependent secretion, allowed us to improve our Hidden-Markov-Model and Blast profiles for the prediction of type III effectors. Results. We curated the T3E repertoires of 12 plant pathogenic Ralstoniastrains, representing a total of 12 strains spread over the different groups of the species complex. This generated a pangenome repertoire of 102 T3E genes and 16 hypothetical T3E genes. Using this database, we scanned for the presence of T3Es in the 155 available genomes representing 140 distinct plant pathogenic Ralstonia strains isolated from different host plants in different areas of the globe. All this information is presented in a searchable database. A presence/absence analysis, modulated by a strain sequence/gene annotation quality score, enabled us to redefine core and accessory T3E repertoires.

scholarly journals Interaction of the Xanthomonas effectors XopQ and XopX results in induction of rice immune responses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohini Deb ◽  
Palash Ghosh ◽  
Hitendra K. Patel ◽  
Ramesh V. Sonti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Type Iii Secretion ◽  
Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Type Iii Effector ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Effector Triggered Immunity ◽  
Two Hybrid ◽  
Do So

SummaryXanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae uses several type III secretion system (T3SS) effectors, namely XopN, XopQ, XopX, and XopZ, to suppress rice immune responses that are induced following treatment with cell wall degrading enzymes. Here we show that the T3SS secreted effector XopX interacts with two of the eight rice 14-3-3 proteins. Mutants of XopX that are defective in 14-3-3 binding are also defective in suppression of immune responses, suggesting that interaction with 14-3-3 proteins is required for suppression of host innate immunity. However, Agrobacterium mediated delivery of both XopX and XopQ into rice cells results in induction of rice immune responses. These immune responses are not observed when either protein is individually delivered into rice cells. XopQ-XopX induced rice immune responses are not observed in a XopX mutant that is defective in 14-3-3 binding. Yeast two-hybrid and BiFC assays indicate that XopQ and XopX interact with each other. In a screen for Xanthomonas effectors which can suppress XopQ-XopX induced rice immune responses, five effectors were identified, namely XopU, XopV, XopP, XopG and AvrBs2, which were able to do so. These results suggest a complex interplay of Xanthomonas T3SS effectors in suppression of pathogen triggered immunity and effector triggered immunity to promote virulence on rice.Significance statementThis work studies the role of the type III effector XopX in the suppression and induction of rice immune responses, by differential interaction with the 14-3-3 proteins, or with the type III effector XopQ respectively. We have also identified a subset of type III effectors which can suppress this form of immune responses.

scholarly journals Pangenomic type III effector database of the plant pathogenic Ralstonia spp.

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrus Raja Rubenstein Sabbagh ◽  
Sebastien Carrere ◽  
Fabien Lonjon ◽  
Fabienne Vailleau ◽  
Alberto P. Macho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Wide Range

Background The bacterial plant pathogenic Ralstonia species belong to the beta-proteobacteria class and are soil-borne pathogens causing vascular bacterial wilt disease, affecting a wide range of plant hosts. These bacteria form a heterogeneous group considered as a “species complex” gathering three newly defined species. Like many other Gram negative plant pathogens, Ralstonia pathogenicity relies on a type III secretion system, enabling bacteria to secrete/inject a large repertoire of type III effectors into their plant host cells. Type III-secreted effectors (T3Es) are thought to participate in generating a favorable environment for the pathogen (countering plant immunity and modifying the host metabolism and physiology). Methods Expert genome annotation, followed by specific type III-dependent secretion, allowed us to improve our Hidden-Markov-Model and Blast profiles for the prediction of type III effectors. Results We curated the T3E repertoires of 12 plant pathogenic Ralstonia strains, representing a total of 12 strains spread over the different groups of the species complex. This generated a pangenome repertoire of 102 T3E genes and 16 hypothetical T3E genes. Using this database, we scanned for the presence of T3Es in the 155 available genomes representing 140 distinct plant pathogenic Ralstonia strains isolated from different host plants in different areas of the globe. All this information is presented in a searchable database. A presence/absence analysis, modulated by a strain sequence/gene annotation quality score, enabled us to redefine core and accessory T3E repertoires.

scholarly journals Analysis of new type III effectors fromXanthomonasuncovers XopB and XopS as suppressors of plant immunity

2012 ◽  
Vol 195 (4) ◽  
pp. 894-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schulze ◽  
Sabine Kay ◽  
Daniela Büttner ◽  
Monique Egler ◽  
Lennart Eschen-Lippold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
New Type

scholarly journals Intra-strain Elicitation and Suppression of Plant Immunity by Ralstonia solanacearum Type-III Effectors in Nicotiana benthamiana

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 100025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuying Sang ◽  
Wenjia Yu ◽  
Haiyan Zhuang ◽  
Yali Wei ◽  
Lida Derevnina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii

scholarly journals Plant Immunity Directly or Indirectly Restricts the Injection of Type III Effectors by the Pseudomonas syringae Type III Secretion System

2010 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Crabill ◽  
Anna Joe ◽  
Anna Block ◽  
Jennifer M. van Rooyen ◽  
James R. Alfano
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Type Iii Secretion ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Type Iii Secretion System ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Type Iii Effectors ◽  
Type Iii
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