CLR-4, a novel conserved transcription factor for cellulase gene expression in ascomycete fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
Jingen Li ◽  
Ranran Gao ◽  
Jinyang Li ◽  
Guoli Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cellulase Gene ◽  
Ascomycete Fungi

scholarly journals How an essential Zn2Cys6 transcription factor PoxCxrA regulates cellulase gene expression in ascomycete fungi?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Sheng Liao ◽  
Cheng-Xi Li ◽  
Feng-Fei Zhang ◽  
Yu-Si Yan ◽  
Xue-Mei Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cellulase Gene ◽  
Ascomycete Fungi

scholarly journals Conserved and essential transcription factors for cellulase gene expression in ascomycete fungi

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (19) ◽  
pp. 7397-7402 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Coradetti ◽  
J. P. Craig ◽  
Y. Xiong ◽  
T. Shock ◽  
C. Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Cellulase Gene ◽  
Ascomycete Fungi

scholarly journals ACE4, a novel transcriptional activator involved in the regulation of cellulase genes on cellulose in Trichoderma reesei

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumeng Chen ◽  
Aibo Lin ◽  
Pei Liu ◽  
Xingjia Fan ◽  
Chuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Transcriptional Activator ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Cellulase Gene ◽  
Cellulase Expression

The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is a model strain for cellulase production. Cellulase gene expression in T. reesei is controlled by multiple transcription factors. Here, we identified by comparative genomic screening a novel transcriptional activator ACE4 ( A ctivator of c ellulase e xpression 4) that positively regulates cellulase gene expression on cellulose in T. reesei . Disruption of the ace4 gene significantly decreased expression of four main cellulase genes, and the essential cellulase transcription factor encoding gene ace3 . Overexpression of ace4 increased cellulase production by approximately 22% compared to that in the parental strain. Further investigations using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, DNase I footprinting assays, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that ACE4 directly binds to the promoter of cellulase genes by recognizing the two adjacent 5′-GGCC-3′ sequences. Additionally, ACE4 directly binds to the promoter of ace3 and, in turn, regulates the expression of ACE3 to facilitate cellulase production. Collectively, these results demonstrate an important role for ACE4 in regulating cellulase gene expression, which will contribute to understanding the mechanism underlying cellulase expression in T. reesei . IMPORTANCE T. reesei is commonly utilized in industry to produce cellulases, enzymes that degrade lignocellulosic biomass for the production of bioethanol and bio-based products. T. reesei is capable of rapidly initiating the biosynthesis of cellulases in the presence of cellulose, which has made it useful as a model fungus for studying gene expression in eukaryotes. Cellulase gene expression is controlled through multiple transcription factors at the transcriptional level. However, the molecular mechanisms by which transcription is controlled remain unclear. In the present study, we identified a novel transcription factor, ACE4, which regulates cellulase expression on cellulose by binding to the promoters of cellulase genes and the cellulase activator ace3 . Our study not only expands the general functional understanding of the novel transcription factor ACE4 but also provides evidence for the regulatory mechanism mediating gene expression in T. reesei .

scholarly journals Aberrant expression of USF2 in refractory rheumatoid arthritis and its regulation of proinflammatory cytokines in Th17 cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (48) ◽  
pp. 30639-30648
Author(s):  
Dan Hu ◽  
Emily C. Tjon ◽  
Karin M. Andersson ◽  
Gabriela M. Molica ◽  
Minh C. Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Th17 Cells ◽  
Gene Set Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Signature Genes ◽  
The Impact

IL-17–producing Th17 cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and TNF-α, a proinflammatory cytokine in the rheumatoid joint, facilitates Th17 differentiation. Anti-TNF therapy ameliorates disease in many patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, a significant proportion of patients do not respond to this therapy. The impact of anti-TNF therapy on Th17 responses in RA is not well understood. We conducted high-throughput gene expression analysis of Th17-enriched CCR6+CXCR3−CD45RA−CD4+T (CCR6+T) cells isolated from anti-TNF–treated RA patients classified as responders or nonresponders to therapy. CCR6+T cells from responders and nonresponders had distinct gene expression profiles. Proinflammatory signaling was elevated in the CCR6+T cells of nonresponders, and pathogenic Th17 signature genes were up-regulated in these cells. Gene set enrichment analysis on these signature genes identified transcription factor USF2 as their upstream regulator, which was also increased in nonresponders. Importantly, short hairpin RNA targetingUSF2in pathogenic Th17 cells led to reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-17A, IFN-γ, IL-22, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as transcription factor T-bet. Together, our results revealed inadequate suppression of Th17 responses by anti-TNF in nonresponders, and direct targeting of the USF2-signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic approach in the anti-TNF refractory RA.

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