scholarly journals A MAT1–2 wild‐type strain from P enicillium chrysogenum : functional mating‐type locus characterization, genome sequencing and mating with an industrial penicillin‐producing strain

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 859-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Böhm ◽  
Tim A. Dahlmann ◽  
Hendrik Gümüşer ◽  
Ulrich Kück
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus

scholarly journals LINKAGE OF MUTATIONS AFFECTING MINUS FLAGELLAR MEMBRANE AGGLUTINABILITY TO THE mt  - MATING-TYPE LOCUS OF CHLAMYDOMONAS

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J Hwang ◽  
Brian C Monk ◽  
Ursula W Goodenough
Keyword(s):  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Zygote Formation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Tetrad Analysis ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Flagellar Membrane ◽  
Mutant Strains

ABSTRACT Two independently isolated mutant strains, imp-10 and imp-12, were obtained by UV irradiation of wild-type mating-type minus (wt-). Each fails to agglutinate sexually with gametes of either mating type, but mating and zygote formation can be elicited by agglutinating either strain to wt+ gametes by means of anti-flagellar antiserum. Tetrad analysis of the resultant zygotes shows that both imp-10 and imp-12 are very closely linked to mt  -, with no recombinants observed. Diploid strains constructed between imp-10 or imp-12 and wt+ gametes are wt-, that is, they agglutinate and fuse like normal minus cells. Tetrad analysis of triploids from imp-10 diploid x wt+ haploid crosses shows that only imp-10 and wt+ products are recovered. A model is proposed to account for these results.

scholarly journals A Genome Sequence Survey Shows that the Pathogenic Yeast Candida parapsilosis Has a Defective MTLa1 Allele at Its Mating Type Locus

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Logue ◽  
Simon Wong ◽  
Kenneth H. Wolfe ◽  
Geraldine Butler
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Stop Codons ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Genome Sequence Survey ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Mating Pathway

ABSTRACT Candida parapsilosis is responsible for ca. 15% of Candida infections and is of particular concern in neonates and surgical intensive care patients. The related species Candida albicans has recently been shown to possess a functional mating pathway. To analyze the analogous pathway in C. parapsilosis, we carried out a genome sequence survey of the type strain. We identified ca. 3,900 genes, with an average amino acid identity of 59% with C. albicans. Of these, 23 are predicted to be predominantly involved in mating. We identified a genomic locus homologous to the MTL a mating type locus of C. albicans, but the C. parapsilosis type strain has at least two internal stop codons in the MTL a 1 open reading frame, and two predicted introns are not spliced. These stop codons were present in MTL a 1 of all eight C. parapsilosis isolates tested. Furthermore, we found that all isolates of C. parapsilosis tested appear to contain only the MTL a idiomorph at the presumptive mating locus, unlike C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. MTLα sequences are present but at a different chromosomal location. It is therefore likely that all (or at least the majority) of C. parapsilosis isolates have a mating pathway that is either defective or substantially different from that of C. albicans.

scholarly journals Mutations in Mating-Type Genes of the Heterothallic Fungus Podospora anserina Lead to Self-Fertility

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-556
Author(s):  
Sylvie Arnaise ◽  
Denise Zickler ◽  
Suzanne Le Bilcot ◽  
Corinne Poisier ◽  
Robert Debuchy
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Podospora Anserina ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Opposite Mating Type ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Further Development

Abstract The heterothallic fungus Podospora anserina has two mating-type alleles termed mat+ and mat−. The mat+ sequence contains one gene, FPR1, while mat− contains three genes: FMR1, SMR1, and SMR2. FPR1 and FMR1 are required for fertilization, which is followed by mitotic divisions of the two parental nuclei inside the female organ. This leads to the formation of plurinucleate cells containing a mixture of parental mat+ and mat− nuclei. Further development requires a recognition between mat+ and mat− nuclei before migration of the mat+/mat− pairs into specialized hyphae in which karyogamy, meiosis, and ascospore formation take place. FPR1, FMR1, and SMR2 control this internuclear recognition step. Initial development of the dikaryotic stage is supposed to require SMR1; disruption of SMR1 results in barren perithecia. In a systematic search for suppressors restoring fertility, we isolated 15 suppressors—all of them mutations in the mating-type genes. These fmr1, smr2, and fpr1 mutants, as well as the strains disrupted for FMR1, SMR2, and FPR1, are weakly self-fertile. They are able to act as the male partner on a strain of the same mating type and give a mixture of biparental and uniparental progeny when crossed with a wild-type strain of opposite mating type. These observations lead us to propose that SMR2, FMR1, and FPR1 act as activators and repressors of fertilization and internuclear recognition functions.

scholarly journals Fungal Sex and Pathogenesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Butler
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Skin Colonization

SUMMARYHuman fungal pathogens are associated with diseases ranging from dandruff and skin colonization to invasive bloodstream infections. The major human pathogens belong to theCandida,Aspergillus, andCryptococcusclades, and infections have high and increasing morbidity and mortality. Many human fungal pathogens were originally assumed to be asexual. However, recent advances in genome sequencing, which revealed that many species have retained the genes required for the sexual machinery, have dramatically influenced our understanding of the biology of these organisms. Predictions of a rare or cryptic sexual cycle have been supported experimentally for some species. Here, I examine the evidence that human pathogens reproduce sexually. The evolution of the mating-type locus in ascomycetes (includingCandidaandAspergillusspecies) and basidiomycetes (MalasseziaandCryptococcus) is discussed. I provide an overview of how sex is suppressed in different species and discuss the potential associations with pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Studies towards the production of candicidin by Streptomyces sp. CBMAI 2043

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Luciana Gonzaga de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Wild Type Strain ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Cluster A

The aim of this study was to explore two gene clusters from Streptomyces sp. CBMAI 2043. One of them was the candicidin gene cluster, a polyketide annotated form the strain whole genome sequencing. By deleting important genes it is possible to have clues about the biosynthetic pathways and released intermediates. The second gene is a unknown non ribosomal. Using the same approach we expected to ,correlate the gene cluster to the chemical entity. These studies will help to have a better understanding of the whole matabolite profile of the wild type strain.

scholarly journals Coordination on timing of gene expression in Paramecium

1980 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Myohara
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Paramecium Caudatum ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Mating Type Locus ◽  
Type Change ◽  
Early Maturing

SUMMARYIn Paramecium caudatum, syngen 3, cells become mature (i.e. capable of undergoing conjugation) by about 50 fissions after conjugation. Matingtype-instability, another mating characteristic, begins to occur between 80 and 120 fissions after conjugation in heterozygotes for the mating type locus (Myohara & Hiwatashi, 1975). Mating-type instability also occurs in dominant homozygotes, earlier than in heterozygotes. In two different early maturing mutants the homozygotes become mature 20 fissions earlier than in wild-type clones, and mating-type instabiliiy also begins earlier than in wild-type clones. The number of fissions from maturity to the occurrence of the mating type change does not differ.

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