On collective self‐healing and traces: How can swarm intelligence help us think differently about team adaptation?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayra M. Cristancho
Keyword(s):  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Team Adaptation ◽  
Collective Self

Interchangeability in Military Interprofessional Health Care Teams: Lessons Into Collective Self-healing and the Benefits Thereof

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayra Cristancho ◽  
Emily Field ◽  
Karlen S Bader-Larsen ◽  
Lara Varpio
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Clinical Skill ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Health Care Teams ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Collective Self

ABSTRACT Introduction Interchangeability—i.e., the capacity to change places with another—is necessary for military interprofessional health care teams (MIHTs) to provide around-the-clock patient care. However, while interchangeability is clearly a necessity for modern health care delivery, it raises uncomfortable questions for civilian health care teams where it is usually labeled as unsafe. This perception surfaces because interchangeability runs counter to some of health care’s cultural beliefs including those around patient ownership and professional scopes of practice. It is, therefore, not surprising that little is known about whether and how some level of interchangeability can be harnessed to improve the productivity of health care teams overall. In this article, we explore the notion of interchangeability in the particular context of MIHTs given that these health care teams are familiar with it. This exploration will offer insights into how interchangeability could maximize civilian health care teams’ capacity to adapt. Materials and Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of interview data as an analytic expansion: “the kind of study in which the researcher makes further use of a primary data set in order to ask new or emerging questions that derive from having conducted the original analysis but were not envisioned within the original scope of the primary study aims”. Within our secondary analysis approach, we used thematic analysis as our analytical tool to describe (1) what interchangeability looks like in MIHT teams, (2) how it is fostered in MIHTs, and (3) how it is enacted in MIHTs. Results Interchangeability was realized in MIHTs when individual team members adapted to take on roles and/or tasks that were not clearly niched in their specific areas of expertise but instead drew on the broad foundation of their clinical skill set. Cross-training and distributed leadership were ways in which MIHT members described how interchangeability was fostered. Furthermore, five features of working within MIHT teams were identified as key conditions to enact interchangeability: knowing your team members; being able to work with what/who you have; actively seeking others’ expertise; situating your role within the broader picture of the mission; and maintaining a learning/teaching mindset. Conclusions Interchangeability can be understood through the theoretical lens of Swarm Intelligence and more specifically, the principle of collective self-healing—which is the ability of collectives to continue to successfully perform despite disruption, challenges, or the loss of a team member. Our findings highlight how MIHTs have adopted interchangeability in a wide array of contexts to realize collective self-healing. Despite the discomfort it provokes, we suggest that interchangeability could be a powerful asset to civilian health care teams.

Autonomous self-healing polyisoprene elastomers with high modulus and good toughness based on the synergy of dynamic ionic crosslinks and highly disordered crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 6549-6558
Author(s):  
Yohei Miwa ◽  
Mayu Yamada ◽  
Yu Shinke ◽  
Shoichi Kutsumizu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Disordered Crystals ◽  
Ionic Crosslinks

We designed a novel polyisoprene elastomer with high mechanical properties and autonomous self-healing capability at room temperature facilitated by the coexistence of dynamic ionic crosslinks and crystalline components that slowly reassembled.

Congenital self-healing histiocytosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bonifazi
Keyword(s):  
Self Healing

Searching for Markers; collective self-appraisal

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
KEITH HUMPHREYS
Keyword(s):  
Collective Self

Capturing the Four-Phase Team Adaptation Process With Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-347
Author(s):  
Eleni Georganta ◽  
Felix C. Brodbeck
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Team Development ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Adaptation Studies ◽  
Team Processes ◽  
Team Adaptation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Acceptable Reliability ◽  
Adaptation Phase

Abstract. As a response to the lack of quantitative and reliable measures of the team adaptation process, the aim of the present study was to develop and validate an instrument for assessing the four phases of the team adaptation process as described by Rosen and colleagues (2011) . Two trained raters and two subject matter expert groups contributed to the development of four behaviorally anchored rating scales (BARS) that span across the spectrum of team processes involved in each team adaptation phase. To validate the four BARS, two different trained raters assessed independently the team adaptation phases of 66 four-person teams. The validation study provided empirical support for the BARS’ psychometric adequacy. The BARS measures overcame the common middle anchor problem, showed sensitivity in differentiating between teams and between the four phases, showed evidence for acceptable reliability, construct, and criterion validity, and supported the theoretical team adaptation process assumptions. The study contributes to research and praxis by enabling the direct assessment of the overall team adaptation process, thereby facilitating our understanding of this complex phenomenon. This allows the identification of behavioral strengths and weaknesses for targeted team development and comprehensive team adaptation studies.

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