Host phenotype and microbiome vary with infection status, parasite genotype, and parasite microbiome composition

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan A Hahn ◽  
Agnes Piecyk ◽  
Fátima Jorge ◽  
Robert Cerrato ◽  
Martin Kalbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Status ◽  
Parasite Genotype ◽  
Microbiome Composition

scholarly journals The host phenotype and microbiome varies with infection status, parasite origin and parasite microbiome composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Hahn ◽  
Agnes Piecyk ◽  
Fatima Jorge ◽  
Robert Cerrato ◽  
Martin Kalbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Gene ◽  
Parasite Genotype ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Immune Genes ◽  
Immune Gene Expression ◽  
Tripartite Interactions ◽  
Schistocephalus Solidus ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: A growing literature demonstrates the impact of helminths on their host gut microbiome. However, there is now a need to investigate helminth associated microbes and the complex tripartite interactions between parasite, microbes, and hosts. Methods: We investigated whether the stickleback host microbiome depends on eco-evolutionary variables by testing the impact of exposure to the parasite Schistocephalus solidus, infection success, host genotype, parasite genotype, and parasite microbiome composition. Results: We observed constitutive differences in the microbiome of stickleback of different origin that increased when sticklebacks exposed to the parasite resisted infection. In contrast, the microbiome of successfully infected sticklebacks varies with parasite genotype. More specifically, we reveal that the association between microbiome and immune gene expression increases in infected individuals, and varies with parasite genotype. In addition, we showed that S. solidus hosts a complex endo-microbiome and that the abundance and prevalence of an unknown Chloroflexi in the parasite correlate with expression of host immune genes including foxp3, tnfr1, cd97, stat6 and marco. Conclusions: Within this first comprehensive analysis of a cestode’s interaction with bacteria, we demonstrate that (i) regardless of infection success, parasites contribute to modulating the host microbiome, (ii). when infection is successful, the host microbiome varies with parasite genotype due to genotype-dependent variation in parasite immunomodulation, and (iii) the parasite-associated microbiome is distinct from its host’s and contribute to the host immune response to infection. While a growing number of studies focus on determining the genetic and environmental factors contributing to host microbiome composition, this study reveals that parasites, parasite genetic factors, and parasite microbiomes can contribute regardless of whether the infection was successful.

Studies on intestinal tematodes in Korea XVI. Infection status of loaches with the metacercariae of Echinostoma hortense

1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Yil Chai ◽  
Sung Jong Hong ◽  
Woon Mok Sohn ◽  
Soon Hyung Lee ◽  
Byong Seol Seo
Keyword(s):  
Infection Status

HIGH PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITON AND WORM INFECTION AMONG VAN KIEU AND PAKOH CHILDREN AGED 12-36 MONTHS IN DAKRONG DISTRICT, QUANG TRI PROVINCE

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Thi Lan Tran ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Xuan Ninh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Group Recommendation ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Very High

Objectives: Assess the nutritional status, worm infection status and some related factors among children aged 12-36 months of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Subject and method: A cross sectional study was carried out in 2010, in 680 children aged 12-36 months in 4 communes of Dakrong district, Quang Tri province. Results: The malnutrition rate was 55.0% for underweight, 66.5% for stunting and 16.2% for wasting. The prevalence of malnutrition increases by age group. The prevalence of worm infection was 31.6%, the highest prevalence was belong to Ascaris infection (24.6%), followed by Hookworm and Trichuris (6.5% and 6.2%, respectively). The prevalence of worm infection among children under two is very high (27.0%). The prevalence of worm infection was distributed quite equally between the malnutrition children group and normal children group. Recommendation: Early deworming forchildren from 12 months should be considered as important strategy against the malnutrition of children in Dakrong district, Quang Tri province

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal disturbance and effect of fecal microbiota transplantation in discharged COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengqiong Liu ◽  
Shanliang Ye ◽  
Xin Zhu ◽  
Xuesong He ◽  
Shengzhou Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Rehabilitative Intervention ◽  
Oral Capsule

Abstract Background To investigate the potential beneficial effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on gastrointestinal symptoms, gut dysbiosis and immune status in discharged COVID-19 patients. Case presentation A total of 11 COVID-19 patients were recruited in April, 2020, about one month on average after they were discharged from the hospital. All subjects received FMT for 4 consecutive days by oral capsule administrations with 10 capsules for each day. In total, 5 out of 11 patients reported to be suffered from gastrointestinal symptoms, which were improved after FMT. After FMT, alterations of B cells were observed, which was characterized as decreased naive B cell (P = 0.012) and increased memory B cells (P = 0.001) and non-switched B cells (P = 0.012).The microbial community richness indicated by operational taxonomic units number, observed species and Chao1 estimator was marginally increased after FMT. Gut microbiome composition of discharged COVID-19 patients differed from that of the general population at both phylum and genera level, which was characterized with a lower proportion of Firmicutes (41.0%) and Actinobacteria (4.0%), higher proportion of Bacteroidetes (42.9%) and Proteobacteria (9.2%). FMT can partially restore the gut dysbiosis by increasing the relative abundance of Actinobacteria (15.0%) and reducing Proteobacteria (2.8%) at the phylum level. At the genera level, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium had significantly increased after FMT. Conclusions After FMT, altered peripheral lymphocyte subset, restored gut microbiota and alleviated gastrointestinal disorders were observe, suggesting that FMT may serve as a potential therapeutic and rehabilitative intervention for the COVID-19.

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