scholarly journals Genomic prediction in the wild: A case study in Soay sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ashraf ◽  
DC Hunter ◽  
C Bérénos ◽  
PA Ellis ◽  
SE Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Soay Sheep ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals Genomic prediction in the wild: A case study in Soay sheep

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ashraf ◽  
DC Hunter ◽  
C Bérénos ◽  
PA Ellis ◽  
SE Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Evolutionary Genetics ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Soay Sheep ◽  
Genetics Research ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Zero Effect

AbstractGenomic prediction, the technique whereby an individual’s genetic component of their phenotype is estimated from its genome, has revolutionised animal and plant breeding and medical genetics. However, despite being first introduced nearly two decades ago, it has hardly been adopted by the evolutionary genetics community studying wild organisms. Here, genomic prediction is performed on eight traits in a wild population of Soay sheep. The population has been the focus of a >30 year evolutionary ecology study and there is already considerable understanding of the genetic architecture of the focal Mendelian and quantitative traits. We show that the accuracy of genomic prediction is high for all traits, but especially those with loci of large effect segregating. Five different methods are compared, and the two methods that can accommodate zero-effect and large-effect loci in the same model tend to perform best. If the accuracy of genomic prediction is similar in other wild populations, then there is a real opportunity for pedigree-free molecular quantitative genetics research to be enabled in many more wild populations; currently the literature is dominated by studies that have required decades of field data collection to generate sufficiently deep pedigrees. Finally, some of the potential applications of genomic prediction in wild populations are discussed.

Reciprocal Mentoring "In The Wild"

2011 ◽  
pp. 280-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brooke Robertshaw ◽  
Heather Leary ◽  
Andrew Walker ◽  
Kristy Bloxham ◽  
Mimi Recker
Keyword(s):  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Content Knowledge ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Pedagogical Content ◽  
Technology Knowledge ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Online Learning Resources

For teachers in the 21st Century it has become critical that they develop the skills to be able to teach in a world that is being transformed by technological innovations. These skills include effectively teaching in blended learning environments with high-quality online learning resources available on the internet. Chief among the challenges faced by these teachers is that mid- and late career teachers, unlike preservice teachers, do not have adequate technology knowledge. A challenge for pre-service teachers is that they do not have the pedagogical and content knowledge to be able to effectively implement their technology knowledge in the classroom. This retrospective comparative case study was undertaken to understand reciprocal mentoring (RM) relationships that can occur between in-service teachers and pre-service teachers during implementation of a technology based lesson. The transfer of knowledge between the members of the RM dyad is described through the lens of technological pedagogical content knowledge.

scholarly journals RAD‐sequencing for estimating genomic relatedness matrix‐based heritability in the wild: A case study in roe deer

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1205-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Gervais ◽  
Charles Perrier ◽  
Maria Bernard ◽  
Joël Merlet ◽  
Josephine M. Pemberton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roe Deer ◽  
Rad Sequencing ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Genomic Relatedness

scholarly journals Launching the Parametric Press

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P Conlen ◽  
Fred Hohman
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Interactive Graphics ◽  
Research Software ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Visualization Techniques

The Parametric Press is a new interactive digital magazine that aims to break down complex topics with visualization and interactive graphics. Built on open source research software, the platform acts as a bridge between theory and practice—a case study through which to improve interactive publishing tools and test visualization techniques in the wild—while empowering authors to tell data-driven stories and create explorable explanations.

scholarly journals Firefly Translocation: A Case Study of Genetic and Behavioral Evaluation in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anchana Thancharoen
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Threatened Fauna

Conservation translocation is frequently used to conserve the threatened fauna by releasing individuals from the wild or captive populations into a particular area. This approach, however, is not successful in many cases because the translocated populations could not self-sustain in the new habitats. In this chapter, I reviewed the concept of translocation for conservation and the factors associated with the success rate. I used example problems from several cases involving different insect taxa. With its often high potential to mass rear in captivity, captive breeding can be a powerful tool by assuring large population size for insect translocation, which can result in a high success rate. However, genetic consequences from inbreeding and genetic adaptation to captivity can reduce the fitness of the captive population to establish successfully in the wild. Additionally, as the evidence in Japanese fireflies shows, the genetic differences between the translocated and local populations should be considered for a sustainable translocation program. A case study involved genetic and behavioral evaluation of S. aquatilis populations to assess the possibility of including the species for the firefly translocation program in Thailand. Although the results revealed no genetic variation among populations, examination of the variation in flash signals showed that the long-distance population had a longer courtship flash pulse than other populations in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. With no geographical barrier, the light pollution and urbanization are probably important fragmented barriers causing adaptation of flash communication to increase the fitness. As a consequence, firefly translocation should consider flash variation between populations to prevent this potential pre-mating isolation mechanism from resulting in probable lower translocation success rates.

scholarly journals Is canine distemper virus (CDV) a lurking threat to large carnivores? A case study from Ranthambhore landscape in Rajasthan, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 14220-14223
Author(s):  
Nadisha Sidhu ◽  
Jimmy Borah ◽  
Sunny Shah ◽  
Nidhi Rajput ◽  
Kajal Kumar Jadav
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Effective Conservation ◽  
Insight Into

Canine distemper virus (CDV) was reported in wild tigers from Russia and recently from India.  Very few studies, however, have been carried out to gain an insight into the prevalence of the disease in India, particularly in the wild.  CDV is the etiological agent of one of the most infectious diseases of domestic dogs.  With the aim of exploring the threat CDV poses for tigers, a preliminary assessment was carried out to determine its prevalence from villages near Ranthambhore National Park in Rajasthan, India.  Free-roaming dog populations within a 4-km-radius of the park’s periphery were tested for antibodies against CDV.  The seroprevalence of CDV antibodies in the sampled dogs was 86% (95% CI 78–91 %), indicating the probability of the dogs acting as a reservoir and having been exposed to CDV in the past.  The seroprevalence of CAV antibodies was 44.23% (95% CI 35–54 %) and CPV antibodies was 95.19% (95% CI 91–99 %).  This could threaten the tiger populations in the park, considering the close proximity of dogs to tigers.  It is, therefore, crucial to assess disease threats at the domestic-wildlife interface and to establish management strategies for more effective conservation practices in the landscape.  

scholarly journals Extensions of BLUP models for genomic prediction in heterogeneous populations: Application in a diverse switchgrass sample

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume P. Ramstein ◽  
Michael D. Casler
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Dna Marker ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Heterogeneous Populations ◽  
Interactive Models ◽  
Marker Information

ABSTRACTGenomic prediction is a useful tool to accelerate genetic gain in selection using DNA marker information. However, this technology usually relies on models that are not designed to accommodate population heterogeneity, which results from differences in marker effects across genetic backgrounds. Previous studies have proposed to cope with population heterogeneity using diverse approaches: (i) either ignoring it, therefore relying on the robustness of standard approaches; (ii) reducing it, by selecting homogenous subsets of individuals in the sample; or (iii) modelling it by using interactive models. In this study we assessed all three possible approaches, applying existing and novel procedures for each of them. All procedures developed are based on deterministic optimizations, can account for heteroscedasticity, and are applicable in contexts of admixed populations. In a case study on a diverse switchgrass sample, we compared the procedures to a control where predictions rely on homogeneous subsamples. Ignoring heterogeneity was often not detrimental, and sometimes beneficial, to prediction accuracy, compared to the control. Reducing heterogeneity did not result in further increases in accuracy. However, in scenarios of limited subsample sizes, a novel procedure, which accounted for redundancy within subsamples, outperformed the existing procedure, which only considered relationships to selection candidates. Modelling heterogeneity resulted in substantial increases in accuracy, in the cases where accounting for population heterogeneity yielded a highly significant improvement in fit. Our study exemplifies advantages and limits of the various approaches that are promising in various contexts of population heterogeneity, e.g. prediction based on historical datasets or dynamic breeding.

scholarly journals Investigation of environment waste resultant from incorrect excretion of stock car rubbers and determination quantity, a current situation and fate of them (a case study: Ahvaz, Iran)

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Mohsen Eslami ◽  
Farzaneh Fakeri Raof ◽  
Mohammad Jorjor Zadeh
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Natural Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Growth ◽  
A Current

A healthy environment is an absolute necessity for the well-being of all governments' policy. The population on the earth is expanding rapidly which goes hand in hand in the degradation of the environment at large measures. The human’s appetites for needs are disarranging the environments natural equilibrium. Growth of automobile industry in the world due to dignity to the parallel with increasing the production of rubber in the world. So increasing the disposal of worn tires is one of the world's great challenges. Annually, large amount of rubbers in the world is prepared. The rubber used in normal conditions can't be easily decomposed and make environmental pollution. This study was performed in Ahvaz metropolitan. The information in this study was achieved by questionnaire were asked of 40 shops, who was activated in the tire field. After this research revealed turned out about 300 shops were activated in the field of tires at the time of this study(2014), Also revealed 2700 tire rings out of cycle per day in Ahvaz .in this study (68%) questionnaire, believed that the tires after release from the workshop are collected by badger. (22%) believed that collected by municipal. Also (7%) of questionnaire believed that they didn't have any information about the release tires. At least only (3%) believed that himself collect damaged tires in their workshops. The application of the tire after collection in the idea of responded following: 15 person of questionnaire believe the tires sold after release from the workshop. 9 person said tires left in the wild. 8 persons believed that tires buried in a special place, Also 6 persons of questionnaire believed that tires are getting burned. At the end 2 persons of questionnaire believed that they don't know the fate of tires. At least some of the environmental hazards caused by incorrect tire were buried as were recommendation to improve.

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