scholarly journals Congruent population genetic structures and divergence histories in anther‐smut fungi and their host plants Silene italica and the Silene nutans species complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1154-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny E. Hartmann ◽  
Alodie Snirc ◽  
Amandine Cornille ◽  
Cécile Godé ◽  
Pascal Touzet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Anther Smut ◽  
Silene Nutans ◽  
Genetic Structures

scholarly journals Congruent population genetic structures and divergence histories in anther-smut fungi and their host plants Silene italica and the S. nutans species complex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny E. Hartmann ◽  
Alodie Snirc ◽  
Amandine Cornille ◽  
Cécile Godé ◽  
Pascal Touzet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Population Genetic Structure ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Anther Smut

AbstractThe study of population genetic structure congruence between hosts and pathogens gives important insights into their shared phylogeographic and coevolutionary histories. We studied the population genetic structure of castrating anther-smut fungi (Microbotryum genus) and of their host plants, the Silene nutans species complex, and the morphologically and genetically close S. italica, which can be found in sympatry. Phylogeographic population genetic structure related to persistence in separate glacial refugia has been recently revealed in the S. nutans plant species complex across Western Europe, identifying several distinct lineages. We genotyped 171 associated plant-pathogen pairs of anther-smut fungi and their host plant individuals using microsatellite markers and plant chloroplastic SNPs. We found clear differentiation between fungal populations parasitizing S. nutans and S. italica plants. The population genetic structure of fungal strains parasitizing the S. nutans plant species complex mirrored the host plant genetic structure, suggesting that the pathogen was isolated in glacial refugia together with its host and/or that it has specialized on the plant genetic lineages. Using random forest approximate Bayesian computation (ABC-RF), we found that the divergence history of the fungal lineages on S. nutans was congruent with the one previously inferred for the host plant and likely occurred with ancient but no recent gene flow. Genome sequences confirmed the genetic structure and the absence of recent gene flow between fungal genetic lineages. Our analyses of host-pathogen individual pairs contribute to a better understanding of co-evolutionary histories between hosts and pathogens in natural ecosystems, in which such studies are still scarce.

scholarly journals Tracing the Origin of Korean Invasive Populations of the Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Hyojoong Kim ◽  
Sohee Kim ◽  
Yerim Lee ◽  
Heung-Sik Lee ◽  
Seong-Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Approximate Bayesian Computation ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Chinese Populations ◽  
Lycorma Delicatula ◽  
Approximate Bayesian ◽  
Genetic Structures

Lycorma delicatula (White) suddenly arrived in Korea where it rapidly spread out in the central region of Korea and caused serious damage to grape vineyards. To trace the source region of its invasiveness, population genetic structures were compared between the native region, China, and the introduced regions, Korea and Japan. We examined 762 individuals from 38 different population collections using 15 microsatellite loci. Both principal coordinate and structure analyses displayed that the Chinese populations were separated into three subgroups which were located significantly far apart from each other. Among them, the Shanghai population was located closest to most Korean populations. Based on the genetic relationships and structures, it was revealed that the multiple introductions into Korea occurred at least three times. In addition, the Shanghai population was strongly estimated to be a source of initial invasive populations of Korea. In addition, analysis of the approximate Bayesian computation suggested simultaneous spread from two distant locations early in the invasion by artificial transportation of the host plants bearing egg masses. Our population genetics study can provide a precedent case with regards to identifying spreads by anthropogenic outcomes in other invasive regions.

scholarly journals Cophylogeny of the anther smut fungi and their caryophyllaceous hosts: Prevalence of host shifts and importance of delimiting parasite species for inferring cospeciation

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guislaine Refrégier ◽  
Mickaël Le Gac ◽  
Florian Jabbour ◽  
Alex Widmer ◽  
Jacqui A Shykoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Host Shifts ◽  
Anther Smut

scholarly journals Evolutionary strata on young mating-type chromosomes despite the lack of sexual antagonism

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (27) ◽  
pp. 7067-7072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Branco ◽  
Hélène Badouin ◽  
Ricardo C. Rodríguez de la Vega ◽  
Jérôme Gouzy ◽  
Fantin Carpentier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Balancing Selection ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Sexual Antagonism ◽  
Recombination Suppression ◽  
Ancestral Gene ◽  
Anther Smut ◽  
Mating Type Genes ◽  
Suppressed Recombination

Sex chromosomes can display successive steps of recombination suppression known as “evolutionary strata,” which are thought to result from the successive linkage of sexually antagonistic genes to sex-determining genes. However, there is little evidence to support this explanation. Here we investigate whether evolutionary strata can evolve without sexual antagonism using fungi that display suppressed recombination extending beyond loci determining mating compatibility despite lack of male/female roles associated with their mating types. By comparing full-length chromosome assemblies from five anther-smut fungi with or without recombination suppression in their mating-type chromosomes, we inferred the ancestral gene order and derived chromosomal arrangements in this group. This approach shed light on the chromosomal fusion underlying the linkage of mating-type loci in fungi and provided evidence for multiple clearly resolved evolutionary strata over a range of ages (0.9–2.1 million years) in mating-type chromosomes. Several evolutionary strata did not include genes involved in mating-type determination. The existence of strata devoid of mating-type genes, despite the lack of sexual antagonism, calls for a unified theory of sex-related chromosome evolution, incorporating, for example, the influence of partially linked deleterious mutations and the maintenance of neutral rearrangement polymorphism due to balancing selection on sexes and mating types.

Two invasive populations of the dry rot fungusSerpula lacrymansshow divergent population genetic structures

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
INGEBORG BJORVAND ENGH ◽  
TOR CARLSEN ◽  
GLENN-PETER SAETRE ◽  
NILS HÖGBERG ◽  
SHUICHI DOI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Genetic Structures

scholarly journals Spatial and ecological population genetic structures within two island‐endemic Aeonium species of different niche width

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 4327-4344 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. V. Harter ◽  
Mike Thiv ◽  
Alfons Weig ◽  
Anke Jentsch ◽  
Carl Beierkuhnlein
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Niche Width ◽  
Island Endemic ◽  
Genetic Structures

Comparative host–parasite population genetic structures: obligate fly ectoparasites on Galapagos seabirds

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
IRIS I. LEVIN ◽  
PATRICIA G. PARKER
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Population Genetic ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Population Genetic Study ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasite ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Sula Granti ◽  
Breeding Attempt ◽  
Genetic Structures

SUMMARYParasites often have shorter generation times and, in some cases, faster mutation rates than their hosts, which can lead to greater population differentiation in the parasite relative to the host. Here we present a population genetic study of two ectoparasitic flies, Olfersia spinifera and Olfersia aenescens compared with their respective bird hosts, great frigatebirds (Fregata minor) and Nazca boobies (Sula granti). Olfersia spinifera is the vector of a haemosporidian parasite, Haemoproteus iwa, which infects frigatebirds throughout their range. Interestingly, there is no genetic differentiation in the haemosporidian parasite across this range despite strong genetic differentiation between Galapagos frigatebirds and their non-Galapagos conspecifics. It is possible that the broad distribution of this one H. iwa lineage could be facilitated by movement of infected O. spinifera. Therefore, we predicted more gene flow in both fly species compared with the bird hosts. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data from three genes per species indicated that despite marked differences in the genetic structure of the bird hosts, gene flow was very high in both fly species. A likely explanation involves non-breeding movements of hosts, including movement of juveniles, and movement by adult birds whose breeding attempt has failed, although we cannot rule out the possibility that closely related host species may be involved.

scholarly journals Highly contrasted population genetic structures in a host-parasite pair in the Caribbean Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 9267-9280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Jossart ◽  
Chantal De Ridder ◽  
Harilaos A. Lessios ◽  
Mathieu Bauwens ◽  
Sébastien Motreuil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetic ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Genetic Structures ◽  
Host Parasite
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