Parallel genetic divergence among coastal-marine ecotype pairs of European anchovy explained by differential introgression after secondary contact

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 3187-3202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Le Moan ◽  
P.-A. Gagnaire ◽  
F. Bonhomme
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
European Anchovy ◽  
Coastal Marine

scholarly journals Rapid polygenic response to secondary contact in a hybrid species

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1853) ◽  
pp. 20170365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn-Peter Sætre ◽  
Angélica Cuevas ◽  
Jo S. Hermansen ◽  
Tore O. Elgvin ◽  
Laura Piñeiro Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Parent Species ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Feeding Site

Secondary contact between closely related species can have genetic consequences. Competition for essential resources may lead to divergence in heritable traits that reduces interspecific competition leading to increased rate of genetic divergence. Conversely, hybridization and backcrossing can lead to genetic convergence. Here, we study a population of a hybrid species, the Italian sparrow ( Passer italiae ), before and after it came into secondary contact with one of its parent species, the Spanish sparrow ( P. hispaniolensis ), in 2013. We demonstrate strong consequences of interspecific competition: Italian sparrows were kept away from a popular feeding site by its parent species, resulting in poorer body condition and a significant drop in population size. Although no significant morphological change could be detected, after only 3 years of sympatry, the Italian sparrows had diverged significantly from the Spanish sparrows across a set of 81 protein-coding genes. These temporal genetic changes are mirrored by genetic divergence observed in older sympatric Italian sparrow populations within the same area of contact. Compared with microallopatric birds, sympatric ones are genetically more diverged from Spanish sparrows. Six significant outlier genes in the temporal and spatial comparison (i.e. showing the greatest displacement) have all been found to be associated with learning and neural development in other bird species.

scholarly journals Thermal adaptation and clinal mitochondrial DNA variation of European anchovy

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1792) ◽  
pp. 20141093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Silva ◽  
Fernando P. Lima ◽  
Paulo Martel ◽  
Rita Castilho
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
European Anchovy

Natural populations of widely distributed organisms often exhibit genetic clinal variation over their geographical ranges. The European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus , illustrates this by displaying a two-clade mitochondrial structure clinally arranged along the eastern Atlantic. One clade has low frequencies at higher latitudes, whereas the other has an anti-tropical distribution, with frequencies decreasing towards the tropics. The distribution pattern of these clades has been explained as a consequence of secondary contact after an ancient geographical isolation. However, it is not unlikely that selection acts on mitochondria whose genes are involved in relevant oxidative phosphorylation processes. In this study, we performed selection tests on a fragment of 1044 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene using 455 individuals from 18 locations. We also tested correlations of six environmental features: temperature, salinity, apparent oxygen utilization and nutrient concentrations of phosphate, nitrate and silicate, on a compilation of mitochondrial clade frequencies from 66 sampling sites comprising 2776 specimens from previously published studies. Positive selection in a single codon was detected predominantly (99%) in the anti-tropical clade and temperature was the most relevant environmental predictor, contributing with 59% of the variance in the geographical distribution of clade frequencies. These findings strongly suggest that temperature is shaping the contemporary distribution of mitochondrial DNA clade frequencies in the European anchovy.

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence Across Glacial Refugia Despite Interglacial Gene Flow in a Crested Newt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Wielstra ◽  
Daniele Salvi ◽  
Daniele Canestrelli
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Crested Newt ◽  
The Impact

Abstract MtDNA-based phylogeography has illuminated the impact of the Pleistocene Ice Age on species distribution dynamics and the build-up of genetic divergence. The well-known shortcomings of mtDNA in biogeographical inference can be compensated by integrating multilocus data and species distribution modelling into phylogeography. We re-visit the phylogeography of the Italian crested newt (Triturus carnifex), a species distributed in two of Europe’s main glacial refugia, the Balkan and Italian Peninsulas. While a new 51 nuclear DNA marker dataset supports the existence of three lineages previously suggested by mtDNA (Balkan, northern Italy and southern Italy), the nuclear DNA dataset also provides improved resolution where these lineages have obtained secondary contact. We observe geographically restricted admixture at the contact between the Balkan and northern Italy gene pools and identify a potential mtDNA ghost lineage here. At the contact between the northern and southern Italy gene pools we find admixture over a broader area, as well as asymmetric mtDNA introgression. Our species distribution model is in agreement with a distribution restricted to distinct refugia during Pleistocene glacial cycles and postglacial expansion with secondary contact. Our study supports: (1) the relevance of the north-western Balkan Peninsula as a discrete glacial refugium; (2) the importance of north-eastern Italy and the northern Apennine as suture zones; and (3) the applicability of a refugia-within-refugia scenario within the Italian Peninsula.

scholarly journals GenVectors: an integrative analytical tool for spatial genetics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Duarte ◽  
Jacqueline Souza Lima ◽  
Renan Maestri ◽  
Vanderlei Debastiani ◽  
Rosane Garcia Collevatti
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
R Package ◽  
Secondary Contact ◽  
Direct Inference ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitat ◽  
Spatial Genetics ◽  
Alternative Processes ◽  
Analytical Tools

AbstractMetapopulations are sets of local populations connected by dispersal. While genetic turnover informs about the number of alleles shared by (meta)populations, a set of populations that do not share alleles with a second set may still show low genetic divergence to it. Recent secondary contact driven by anthropogenic habitat fragmentation and/or current climate change, for instance, may erase the historical track of genetic turnover. On the other hand, genetic turnover among sets of populations is expected to be related to the degree of genetic divergence among them if metapopulations become isolated from others due to vicariance or ancient dispersal. Yet, current analytical tools do not permit direct inference about alternative processes underlying spatial, environmental and/or biogeographic correlates of genetic turnover among populations. We introduce GenVectors, a new R package that offers flexible analytical tools that allow evaluating biogeographic or environmental correlates of genetic turnover among sets of local populations based on fuzzy set theory. Analyses implemented in GenVectors allow exploring the distribution of haplotypes or SNPs across sets of local populations. Moreover, GenVectors provides tools to analyze environmental or biogeographic correlates of haplotype or SNP turnover among sets of local populations by applying appropriate null models, which enable to discriminate history-driven genetic turnover (vicariance, ancient dispersal) from non-historical ones (recent secondary contact). Finally, we demonstrate the application of GenVectors in two empirical datasets, one based on single-locus marker (haplotypes) and other based on multi-loci marker (SNPs).

scholarly journals Insights on the drivers of genetic divergence in the European anchovy

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Catanese ◽  
Romain Watteaux ◽  
Iratxe Montes ◽  
Marco Barra ◽  
Paola Rumolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
European Anchovy

Genetic divergence within the Drosophila mayaguana subcluster, a closely related triad of Caribbean species in the repleta species group

Hereditas ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. O'GRADY ◽  
C. M. DURANDO ◽  
W. B. HEED ◽  
M. WASSERMAN ◽  
W. ETGES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Species Group

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKRO ALGA DI PESISIR PULAU KECAMATAN BULANG

SIMBIOSA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Notowinarto Notowinarto ◽  
Ramses Ramses ◽  
Mulhairi Mulhairi
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Temperature Parameter ◽  
Important Value Index

Bulang districts Batam Islands of  Riau province (Riau Islands), its consists of many islands with as well as having the potential diversity of coastal marine life in particular kinds of macro algae or seaweed. Conducted research aimed to determine the structure of macro- algal communities in the intertidal zone islands. The results of the identification of algal species found 16 species are: the Order of Chlorophyceae as 6 spesies; Order Phaeophyceae as 2 spesies; and Order Rhodophyceae as 8 spesies. The community structure at the five stations showed the highest values were found in the island of dominance Cicir (D ' = 0.79) , uniformity index values on Tengah Island (E ' = 0.99) , while the island Balak had the highest diversity index (H ' = 0.88) , with the abundance patterns of population structure on the island is pretty good Central . Results of correlation analysis of regression between IVI types of algae with the conditions of environmental quality suggests that there is a significance (Fhit ˃ F table and the value of r = > 90 %) between IVI algae Halimeda sp and Cryptarachne polyglandulosa at each station with a temperature parameter surface (⁰C) , depth temperature (⁰C) and pH values. Keywords : Algae, Community Structure, Important Value Index.

GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN BABUL (ACACIA NILOTIKA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHANSHU SHEKHAR ◽  
V.P. DWIVEDI ◽  
N.K. SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Hybridization Programme

Genetic divergence of Babul (Acacia nilotica) was assessed using Mahalanobis 0 statistics. They were grouped into eight clusters. Maximum genetic distance was recorded between III & VIII ciusters indicating greater distance between two clusters that showed maximum diversity amount the genotype and helps in hybridization programme.

Coastal marine and in-river migration behaviour of adult sockeye salmon en route to spawning grounds

2014 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Wilson ◽  
SG Hinch ◽  
SM Drenner ◽  
EG Martins ◽  
NB Furey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Migration Behaviour ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
River Migration

Natural and anthropogenic effects on the early life stages of European anchovy in one of its essential fish habitats, the Guadalquivir estuary

2019 ◽  
Vol 617-618 ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
GF de Carvalho-Souza ◽  
E González-Ortegón ◽  
F Baldó ◽  
C Vilas ◽  
P Drake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Anthropogenic Effects ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Life Stages ◽  
European Anchovy ◽  
Guadalquivir Estuary ◽  
Fish Habitats
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