Novel genetic capacitors and potentiators for the natural genetic variation of sensory bristles and their trait specificity inDrosophila melanogaster

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (22) ◽  
pp. 5561-5572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo H. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation ◽  
Sensory Bristles

scholarly journals Inherited Differences in Crossing Over and Gene Conversion Frequencies Between Wild Strains of Sordaria fimicola From “Evolution Canyon”

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 1573-1593
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Bernard C Lamb ◽  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Conversion ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation ◽  
Evolution Canyon ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Sordaria Fimicola ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Consistent Direction

Abstract Recombination generates new combinations of existing genetic variation and therefore may be important in adaptation and evolution. We investigated whether there was natural genetic variation for recombination frequencies and whether any such variation was environment related and possibly adaptive. Crossing over and gene conversion frequencies often differed significantly in a consistent direction between wild strains of the fungus Sordaria fimicola isolated from a harsher or a milder microscale environment in “Evolution Canyon,” Israel. First- and second-generation descendants from selfing the original strains from the harsher, more variable, south-facing slope had higher frequencies of crossing over in locus-centromere intervals and of gene conversion than those from the lusher north-facing slopes. There were some significant differences between strains within slopes, but these were less marked than between slopes. Such inherited variation could provide a basis for natural selection for optimum recombination frequencies in each environment. There were no significant differences in meiotic hybrid DNA correction frequencies between strains from the different slopes. The conversion analysis was made using only conversions to wild type, because estimations of conversion to mutant were affected by a high frequency of spontaneous mutation. There was no polarized segregation of chromosomes at meiosis I or of chromatids at meiosis II.

Inherited and Environmentally Induced Differences in Mutation Frequencies Between Wild Strains of Sordaria fimicola From “Evolution Canyon”

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Bernard C Lamb ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
William Scott ◽  
Nina Thapa ◽  
Eviatar Nevo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation ◽  
The North ◽  
Ascospore Germination ◽  
Evolution Canyon ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Sordaria Fimicola

Abstract We have studied whether there is natural genetic variation for mutation frequencies, and whether any such variation is environment-related. Mutation frequencies differed significantly between wild strains of the fungus Sordaria fimicola isolated from a harsher or a milder microscale environment in “Evolution Canyon,” Israel. Strains from the harsher, drier, south-facing slope had higher frequencies of new spontaneous mutations and of accumulated mutations than strains from the milder, lusher, north-facing slope. Collective total mutation frequencies over many loci for ascospore pigmentation were 2.3, 3.5 and 4.4% for three strains from the south-facing slope, and 0.9, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.3% for five strains from the north-facing slope. Some of this between-slope difference was inherited through two generations of selfing, with average spontaneous mutation frequencies of 1.9% for south-facing slope strains and 0.8% for north-facing slope strains. The remainder was caused by different frequencies of mutations arising in the original environments. There was also significant heritable genetic variation in mutation frequencies within slopes. Similar between-slope differences were found for ascospore germination-resistance to acriflavine, with much higher frequencies in strains from the south-facing slope. Such inherited variation provides a basis for natural selection for optimum mutation rates in each environment.

scholarly journals Natural genetic variation drives microbiome selection in the Caenorhabditis elegans gut

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Jessica L. Weckhorst ◽  
Adrien Assié ◽  
Ciara Hosea ◽  
Christopher A. Ayoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation

scholarly journals Karyo-morphological characterization of natural genetic variation in some threatenedCymbidiumspecies of Northeast India

Caryologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Khedasana Rajkumari ◽  
Suman Kumaria ◽  
Pramod Tandon ◽  
Satyawada Rama Rao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation

scholarly journals Differential Masking of Natural Genetic Variation by miR-9a in Drosophila

Genetics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 675-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Cassidy ◽  
Alexander J. Straughan ◽  
Richard W. Carthew
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation

scholarly journals The Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) Natural Genetic Variation Rg1 and the DELLA Mutant Procera Control the Competence Necessary to Form Adventitious Roots and Shoots

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (15) ◽  
pp. 5689-5703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Lombardi-Crestana ◽  
Mariana da Silva Azevedo ◽  
Geraldo Felipe Ferreira e Silva ◽  
Lílian Ellen Pino ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation

scholarly journals Substrate-Specific Effects of Natural Genetic Variation on Proteasome Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahlon Collins ◽  
Randi R. Avery ◽  
Frank W Albert
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Proteasome Activity ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Regulatory Particle

The bulk of targeted cellular protein degradation is performed by the proteasome, a multi-subunit complex consisting of the 19S regulatory particle, which binds, unfolds, and translocates substrate proteins, and the 20S core particle, which degrades them. Protein homeostasis requires precise, dynamic control of proteasome activity. To what extent genetic variation creates differences in proteasome activity is almost entirely unknown. Using the ubiquitin-independent degrons of the ornithine decarboxylase and Rpn4 proteins, we developed reporters that provide high-throughput, quantitative measurements of proteasome activity in vivo in genetically diverse cell populations. We used these reporters to characterize the genetic basis of variation in proteasome activity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that proteasome activity is a complex, polygenic trait, shaped by variation throughout the genome. Genetic influences on proteasome activity were predominantly substrate-specific, suggesting that they primarily affect the function or activity of the 19S regulatory particle. Our results demonstrate that individual genetic differences create heritable variation in proteasome activity and suggest that genetic effects on proteasomal protein degradation may be an important source of variation in cellular and organismal traits.

scholarly journals Natural Genetic Variation Screen in Drosophila Identifies Wnt Signaling, Mitochondrial Metabolism, and Redox Homeostasis Genes as Modifiers of Apoptosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 3995-4005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. S. Palu ◽  
Elaine Ong ◽  
Kaitlyn Stevens ◽  
Shani Chung ◽  
Katie G. Owings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Mitochondrial Metabolism ◽  
Natural Genetic Variation
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