Genetic diversity and distribution patterns of diploid and polyploid hybrid water frog populations (Pelophylax esculentuscomplex) across Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 4371-4391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hoffmann ◽  
Jörg Plötner ◽  
Nicolas B. M. Pruvost ◽  
Ditte G. Christiansen ◽  
Sandra Röthlisberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Water Frog

Genetic diversity and distribution patterns of Ecuadorian capuli (Prunus serotina)

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Guadalupe ◽  
Bernardo Gutiérrez ◽  
Dámaris P. Intriago-Baldeón ◽  
Venancio Arahana ◽  
José Tobar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Prunus Serotina

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Bm86 sequences in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks from Mexico: analysis of haplotype distribution patterns

BMC Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Martínez-Arzate ◽  
J. C. Sánchez-Bermúdez ◽  
S. Sotelo-Gómez ◽  
H. M. Diaz-Albiter ◽  
W. Hegazy-Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Haplotype Distribution ◽  
Boophilus Microplus Ticks

scholarly journals Admixture and Genetic Diversity Distribution Patterns of Non-Recombining Lineages of Native American Ancestry in Colombian Populations

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0120155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Xavier ◽  
Juan José Builes ◽  
Verónica Gomes ◽  
Jose Miguel Ospino ◽  
Juliana Aquino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Native American ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Native American Ancestry

scholarly journals Phylogeography and niche modelling: reciprocal enlightenment

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govan Pahad ◽  
Claudine Montgelard ◽  
Bettine Jansen van Vuuren
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Niche ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Niche Modelling

Abstract Phylogeography examines the spatial genetic structure of species. Environmental niche modelling (or ecological niche modelling; ENM) examines the environmental limits of a species’ ecological niche. These two fields have great potential to be used together. ENM can shed light on how phylogeographical patterns develop and help identify possible drivers of spatial structure that need to be further investigated. Specifically, ENM can be used to test for niche differentiation among clades, identify factors limiting individual clades and identify barriers and contact zones. It can also be used to test hypotheses regarding the effects of historical and future climate change on spatial genetic patterns by projecting niches using palaeoclimate or future climate data. Conversely, phylogeographical information can populate ENM with within-species genetic diversity. Where adaptive variation exists among clades within a species, modelling their niches separately can improve predictions of historical distribution patterns and future responses to climate change. Awareness of patterns of genetic diversity in niche modelling can also alert conservationists to the potential loss of genetically diverse areas in a species’ range. Here, we provide a simplistic overview of both fields, and focus on their potential for integration, encouraging researchers on both sides to take advantage of the opportunities available.

scholarly journals Comparative Genome-Wide Survey of Single Nucleotide Variation Uncovers the Genetic Diversity and Potential Biomedical Applications among Six Macaca Species

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Zhenxin Fan ◽  
Tianlin Sun ◽  
Changjun Peng ◽  
Bisong Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Outlier Tests

Macaca is of great importance in evolutionary and biomedical research. Aiming at elucidating genetic diversity patterns and potential biomedical applications of macaques, we characterized single nucleotide variations (SNVs) of six Macaca species based on the reference genome of Macaca mulatta. Using eight whole-genome sequences, representing the most comprehensive genomic SNV study in Macaca to date, we focused on discovery and comparison of nonsynonymous SNVs (nsSNVs) with bioinformatic tools. We observed that SNV distribution patterns were generally congruent among the eight individuals. Outlier tests of nsSNV distribution patterns detected 319 bins with significantly distinct genetic divergence among macaques, including differences in genes associated with taste transduction, homologous recombination, and fat and protein digestion. Genes with specific nsSNVs in various macaques were differentially enriched for metabolism pathways, such as glycolysis, protein digestion and absorption. On average, 24.95% and 11.67% specific nsSNVs were putatively deleterious according to PolyPhen2 and SIFT4G, respectively, among which the shared deleterious SNVs were located in 564–1981 genes. These genes displayed enrichment signals in the ‘obesity-related traits’ disease category for all surveyed macaques, confirming that they were suitable models for obesity related studies. Additional enriched disease categories were observed in some macaques, exhibiting promising potential for biomedical application. Positively selected genes identified by PAML in most tested Macaca species played roles in immune and nervous system, growth and development, and fat metabolism. We propose that metabolism and body size play important roles in the evolutionary adaptation of macaques.

Back to the future of a rare plant species of the Chihuahuan desert: tracing distribution patterns across time and genetic diversity as a basis for conservation actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1821-1840
Author(s):  
Ana Gabriela Zacarías-Correa ◽  
Andrés Lira-Noriega ◽  
Emmanuel Pérez-Calix ◽  
Marie-Stéphanie Samain ◽  
Andrea D. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Rare Plant Species ◽  
The Future ◽  
Conservation Actions

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Marine Planktonic Ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora) Suggests Distinct Geographical Patterns – Data From Chinese and European Coastal Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian H. Ganser ◽  
Dominik Forster ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Xiaofeng Lin ◽  
Thorsten Stoeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Geographical Patterns ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Planktonic Ciliates ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
Abundant Otus ◽  
Fine Resolution

Unraveling geographic distribution patterns of planktonic protists is a central goal in marine microbial ecology. Using a novel combination of recently developed phylogenetic and network analyses on a V4 18S rDNA metabarcoding dataset, we here analyzed the genetic diversity of marine planktonic ciliate communities in Chinese and European coastal waters. Thereby, our approach provided an unprecedented perspective on geographic patterns inferred from ciliate genetic diversity and accomplished a very fine resolution down to single nucleotides within operational taxonomic units (OTUs). While most OTUs (87%) exclusively contained sequences of either Chinese or European origin, those OTUs detected in both regions comprised the vast majority of reads (84%). Phylogenetic analyses of OTUs belonging to the same taxon revealed genetically distinct clades that were geographically restricted to either Chinese or European coastal waters. The detection of signature nucleotides emphasized this genetic distinction of Chinese and European clades. Second-level clustering of OTUs and reference sequences in two selected taxa (the oligotrichid Spirotontonia and the tintinnid Tintinnidium) revealed the presence of several potentially new species or ones lacking genetic reference data. Geographic patterns were also discovered by network analyses within 700 widespread and abundant OTUs; in 77 of these OTUs, European and Chinese sequences formed significantly assortative groups. These assortative groupings indicated a higher genetic similarity among sequences from the same region than between sequences from different regions. Our results demonstrate that detailed analyses of metabarcoding data down to single nucleotide differences expand our perception of geographical distribution patterns and provide insights into historic and ongoing effective dispersal in protists. The congruent discovery of geographic patterns at different levels of resolution (between and within OTUs) suggests that cosmopolitan distribution in marine planktonic ciliates is less common than previously postulated.

Genetic Diversity and the Conservation of Eucalyptus crucis Maiden

1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
JF Sampson ◽  
SD Hopper ◽  
SH James
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Allozyme Data ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Allozyme Loci

E. crucis Maiden occurs as small, isolated populations confined to granite outcrops in south-western Australia. The level and distribution of genetic diversity at 11 allozyme loci in 10 populations were estimated. Ten loci were polymorphic. However, many alleles were fixed in populations and occurred at low frequencies in others. The mean expected panmictic heterozygosity for populations was low when compared with tree species in general but similar to other tree species occurring in small, isolated populations. The level of population differentiation was high, as expected for small, isolated populations undergoing genetic fixation through genetic drift. The majority of the differentiation was attributable to between-population rather than between-subspecies differentiation. Analyses of allozyme data suggest that the mating system of E. crucis may be adapted to maintain diversity within populations by selection favouring heterozygous, presumably outcrossed progeny. The optimal strategy for the conservation of the genetic resources of E. crucis and other eucalypts with similar distribution patterns is considered in the light of this and previous studies.

scholarly journals DNA barcodes evidence the contact zone of eastern and western caddisfly lineages in the Western Carpathians

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Bozáňová ◽  
Fedor Čiampor ◽  
Tomasz Mamos ◽  
Michal Grabowski ◽  
Zuzana Čiamporová-Zat’ovičová
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Mitochondrial Marker ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Freshwater Fauna ◽  
W Carpathians

AbstractThe region of the Western Carpathians is, among other aspects, very important for survival and diversity of European freshwater fauna due to the presence of a large number of (sub)mountain springs and streams. However, these ecologically and faunistically diversified habitats are still understudied in the context of genetic diversity and population structure of their inhabitants. This study focuses on genetic diversity and distribution patterns of the caddisfly Rhyacophila tristis, common and widespread representative of mountain freshwater fauna. Analysis of the COI mitochondrial marker revealed presence of the western and eastern lineages, with samples from both lineages being grouped in BOLD (Barcode of Life Data System) into separate BINs (Barcode Index Numbers). Our data indicates that eastern lineage (BIN_E) is more closely related to the Balkan populations than to co-occurring western lineage (BIN_W), and that the contact zone of the lineages passes through the W Carpathians. The study revealed phylogeographic and demographic differences between lineages, supporting hypothesis of their evolutionary independence and specific ecological preferences. The obtained genetic data of the R. tristis population from W Carpathians improved our knowledge about population genetics of this aquatic species and can contribute to understanding the state and evolution of biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in Europe.

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