High inorganic phosphate concentration in coral mucus and its utilization by heterotrophic bacteria in a Malaysian coral reef

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Nakajima ◽  
Yasuaki Tanaka ◽  
Teruaki Yoshida ◽  
Tamami Fujisawa ◽  
Asami Nakayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Coral Mucus

PLASMA INORGANIC PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION AND HYPERVENTILATION IN THE DOG

1948 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert S. Campbell ◽  
E. B. Brown ◽  
Frank Gollan
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Concentration

The Effect of Calcium and Phosphate on the Biphasic Calcium Uptake by the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 777-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Ermier ◽  
Wilhelm Hasselbach
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Uptake ◽  
Initial Rate ◽  
Maximum Amplitude ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Physiological Range ◽  
External Calcium

Abstract The amplitude of the fast uptake and the initial rate of the slow uptake increase with in­ creasing free calcium concentrations, up to 30 μᴍ. In that range, both processes are correlated to each other. At higher concentrations, the slow uptake is more inhibited than the fast uptake. The fast uptake shows a maximum amplitude which remains unchanged in the presence of phosphate. The slow uptake leads to a nearly complete depletion of the external calcium, and its rate is proportional to the phosphate concentration, even at physiological range. The sarcoplasmic ATPase liberates inorganic phosphate and the slow uptake

POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL PRODUCTION BY OSMOPHILIC YEASTS: EFFECT OF OXYGEN TENSION AND INORGANIC PHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION

1957 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. T. Spencer ◽  
Ping Shu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Tensions ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Very High

A study was made of the effects of oxygen tension and inorganic phosphate concentration on the production of glycerol, arabitol, and ethanol by a strain of osmophilic yeast. Increasing the oxygen tension increased the yields of glycerol and arabitol and decreased the yield of ethanol, while increasing the concentration of inorganic phosphate had the opposite effect.The changes in yields of products with increasing phosphate concentration were most pronounced at a partial pressure of oxygen of 280 mm. of mercury. At lower oxygen tensions the yields of polyols were low and the yield of ethanol was high at all concentrations of phosphate, while at very high oxygen tensions the opposite effect was observed. When the ethanol yield was high, the respiratory quotient was also high. These results are discussed in relation to the oxidative phosphate-lack theory of the Pasteur effect.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal responsiveness of in vitro tomato root lines is not related to growth and nutrient uptake rates

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 645-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Labour ◽  
Mario Jolicoeur ◽  
Marc St-Arnaud
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Uptake Rates

Variability in growth and nutritional dynamics of in vitro tomato hairy root lines and their relationship with responsiveness to mycorrhizal colonization were studied. Four tomato cultivars were transformed with three Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains to obtain several hairy root lines, which were compared for growth and receptivity to Glomus intraradices. Four transformed hairy root lines were further characterized and compared with excised roots of the nontransformed tomato cultivar 'Cobra' and with Ri-T-DNA carrot hairy roots. Lines were compared during 4 months on minimal medium in terms of growth, nutrient uptake, and mycorrhizal colonization. In a subexperiment, the cultures were grown on a modified minimal medium to assess the contribution of initial inorganic phosphate concentration in mycorrhizal susceptibility of the three initially nonreceptive lines. On minimal medium, growth and nutrient uptake rates were highly correlated, but both were unrelated to mycorrhizal receptiveness. All the lines successfully established the symbiosis when the initial phosphate concentration was significantly reduced. No association was found between the origin of lines from the different tomato cultivar – bacterial strain combinations and the absence of symbiosis establishment on minimal medium. Decrease of inorganic phosphate concentration at the beginning of the culture was a key factor involved in precolonization steps of mycorrhizal symbiosis.Key words: Glomus intraradices, hairy roots, Lycopersicon esculentum, mycorrhizal responsiveness, root nutrition, inorganic phosphate.

Absorption of Inorganic Phosphate in the Human Small Intestine

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Walton ◽  
T. K. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Phosphate Absorption ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Phosphate Absorption

1. Intestinal phosphate absorption in human subjects was studied by the technique of triple lumen intestinal perfusion in vivo. 2. Ileal phosphate absorption increased as the intraluminal phosphate concentration was increased. 3. Ileal rates of phosphate absorption were lower at any given intraluminal phosphate concentration than previously described jejunal rates. Acidification of the ileal lumen did not increase phosphate absorption. 4. Phosphate absorption was shown in the jejunum to be dependent on the intraluminal sodium concentration. 5. Phosphate absorption in the human small intestine consists of at least two components, one directly proportional to water movement and the second apparently independent of water movement.

scholarly journals Dissolved Inorganic Phosphate Concentration in Stream Water in Japan and Factors Controlling the Concentration

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 679-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi WAKAMATSU ◽  
Eiichi KONOHIRA ◽  
Junko SHINDO ◽  
Takahito YOSHIOKA ◽  
Katsuo OKAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Phosphate Concentration

scholarly journals Physicochemical parameters and microbial loads of marine cage farm environment at Polem, Goa

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamatha H. Hazari ◽  
J. L. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Optimum Range ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

Present study was undertaken at the marine cage farm of Polem Village, Goa. Water and sediment samples were analysed for evaluation of the physicochemical characteristics and total cultivable heterotrophic bacteria. No significant variation was observed in the physicochemical parameters of water except for inorganic phosphate (p<0.05). Total cultivable bacterial count ranged from 2.06 to 19.27 x 104cfu g-1 and from 1.14 to 8.41 x 104 cfu g-1, while total presumptive vibrio count ranged from 0.15 to 1.57 x 104 g-1 and 0.09 to 0.78 x 10-4 g-1. Results of the present investigation revealed that all the parameters studied were within the optimum range and cage farming with limited number of cages does not have major impacts on the water and sediment quality.

scholarly journals The organosulfur compound dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is utilized as an osmoprotectant by Vibrio species

2020 ◽  
pp. AEM.02235-20
Author(s):  
Gwendolyn J. Gregory ◽  
Katherine E. Boas ◽  
E. Fidelma Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Turgor Pressure ◽  
Organosulfur Compound ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Growth Defect ◽  
Choline Transport ◽  
Coral Mucus

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a key component of the global geochemical sulfur cycle, is a secondary metabolite produced in large quantities by marine phytoplankton and utilized as an osmoprotectant, thermoprotectant and antioxidant. Marine bacteria can use two pathways to degrade and catabolize DMSP, a demethylation pathway and a cleavage pathway that produces the climate active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS). Whether marine bacteria can also accumulate DMSP as an osmoprotectant to maintain the turgor pressure of the cell in response to changes in external osmolarity has received little attention. The marine halophile Vibrio parahaemolyticus, contains at least six osmolyte transporters, four betaine carnitine choline transport (BCCT) carriers BccT1-BccT4 and two ABC-family ProU transporters. In this study, we showed that DMSP is used as an osmoprotectant by V. parahaemolyticus and several other Vibrio species including V. cholerae and V. vulnificus. Using a V. parahaemolyticus proU double mutant, we demonstrated that these ABC transporters are not required for DMSP uptake. However, a bccT null mutant lacking all four BCCTs had a growth defect compared to wild type in high salinity media supplemented with DMSP. Using mutants possessing only one functional BCCT in growth pattern assays, we identified two BCCT-family transporters, BccT1 and BccT2, which are carriers of DMSP. The only V. parahaemolyticus BccT homolog that V. cholerae and V. vulnificus possess is BccT3 and functional complementation in Escherichia coli MKH13 showed V. cholerae VcBccT3 could transport DMSP. In V. vulnificus strains, we identified and characterized an additional BCCT family transporter, which we named BccT5 that was also a carrier for DMSP.Importance DMSP is present in the marine environment, produced in large quantities by marine phytoplankton as an osmoprotectant, and is an important component of the global geochemical sulfur cycle. This algal osmolyte has not been previously investigated for its role in marine heterotrophic bacterial osmotic stress response. Vibrionaceae are marine species, many of which are halophiles exemplified by V. parahaemolyticus, a species that possesses at least six transporters for the uptake of osmolytes. Here, we demonstrated that V. parahaemolyticus and other Vibrio species can accumulate DMSP as an osmoprotectant and show that several BCCT family transporters uptake DMSP. These studies suggest that DMSP is a significant bacterial osmoprotectant, which may be important for understanding the fate of DMSP in the environment. DMSP is produced and present in coral mucus and Vibrio species form part of the microbial communities associated with them. The function of DMSP in these interactions is unclear, but could be an important driver for these associations allowing Vibrio proliferation. This work suggests that DMSP likely has an important role in heterotrophic bacteria ecology than previously appreciated.

scholarly journals Sebaran Horizontal Konsentrasi Nitrat Dan Fosfat Anorganik Di Perairan Muara Sungai Kendal Kabupaten Kendal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Dwi Nur Hanifah ◽  
Sri Yulina Wulandari ◽  
Lilik Maslukah ◽  
Endang Supriyantini
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Current Pattern ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Transition Area ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Near Shore

Muara sungai Kendal banyak dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai aktivitas masyarakat seperti pemukiman penduduk, industri, pertambakan dan Tempat Pelelangan Ikan. Aktivitas masyarat di sekitar sungai Kendal akan mempengaruhi kondisi perairan di muara sungai Kendal. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2017. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sebaran konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat anorganik secara horizontal di permukaan perairan muara sungai Kendal. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 12 stasiun menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan dapat mewakili wilayah muara sungai, dekat pantai, wilayah transisi dan laut. Data utama meliputi konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat. Data pendukung meliputi suhu, salinitas, DO, pH dan kecerahan yang diukur secara langsung di lapangan, serta data yang diperoleh dari berbagai instansi terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat semakin menurun menuju laut. Konsentrasi nitrat berkisar 2,1172 – 3,2459 µmol/l dan konsentrasi fosfat berkisar 0,1699 – 1,0437 µmol/l. Pola sebaran konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat tidak mengikuti pola arus.   The estuary of Kendal is widely used for various activities such as residential, industrial, fishpond and fish auction places. Activity around the Kendal river will affect the conditions at the estuary of Kendal. This research was conducted in November 2017. The purpose of this research was to know the distribution of nitrate and inorganic phosphate concentration horizontally at surface of estuary Kendal. Sampling was conducted on 12 stations used purposive sampling method with consideration to represent the estuary, near shore, transition area and the sea. The Primary data included nitrate and phosphate concentrations. Supporting data included temperature, salinity, DO, pH and brightness measured directly in the field, as well as data obtained from various related agencies. The results showed that the concentration of nitrate and phosphate decreased toward the sea. Nitrate concentrations ranged from 2.1172 – 3.2459 µmol/l and phosphate concentrations ranged from 0.1699 – 1.0437 µmol/l. The distribution pattern of nitrate and phospate concentration did not follow the current pattern.

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