Higher seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus in autoimmune hepatitis: Role of false‐positive antibodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 558-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura‐Patricia Llovet ◽  
Jordi Gratacós‐Ginés ◽  
Oswaldo Ortiz ◽  
Sergio Rodriguez‐Tajes ◽  
Sabela Lens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E

Higher prevalence of hepatitis E virus in autoimmune hepatitis: the role of false positive antibodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. S480
Author(s):  
Laura Patricia Llovet ◽  
Jordi Gratacós-Gines ◽  
Oswaldo Ortiz ◽  
Sergio Rodriguez-Tajes ◽  
Sabela Lens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E

scholarly journals First Report of Hepatitis E Virus in Shellfish in Southeast Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Gianfranco La Bella ◽  
Maria Grazia Basanisi ◽  
Gaia Nobili ◽  
Valentina Terio ◽  
Elisabetta Suffredini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Apulia Region ◽  
Causative Agents

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) represents one of the principal causative agents of hepatitis globally. Among the five HEV genotypes affecting humans, genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic and are the main source of hepatitis E in developed countries. HEV has been detected in several foods. The present work investigated the presence of this virus in shellfish sold at retail in the Apulia region of Italy. The presence of HEV RNA was assessed by real-time RT-PCR in 225 shellfish samples collected during 2018. Overall, two (0.89%) of these samples tested positive for HEV RNA. To our knowledge, this is the first notification of the detection of HEV in mussels sold at retail in the Apulia region. These data highlight the potential role of shellfish as a vehicle for the transmission of viral pathogens.

The hepatitis E virus prevalence in autoimmune hepatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastoo Yousefi ◽  
Saber Soltani ◽  
Ali Gholami ◽  
Maryam Esghaei ◽  
Hossin Keyvani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Virus Prevalence

Role of hepatitis E virus antigen in confirming active viral replication in patients with acute viral hepatitis E infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Gupta ◽  
Priyanka Pandey ◽  
Shivani Pandey ◽  
Manoj Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shiv Kumar Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Virus Antigen ◽  
Active Viral Replication

The role of hepatitis E virus in acute sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis

Infection ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Köksal ◽  
K. Aydin ◽  
B. Kardes ◽  
H. Turgut ◽  
F. Murt
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Role of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Frias ◽  
Pedro López-López ◽  
Antonio Rivero ◽  
Antonio Rivero-Juarez
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
Hepatic Decompensation ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Impact

Chronic liver disease (CLD) with a variety of causes is currently reported to be one of the main causes of death worldwide. Patients with CLD experience deteriorating liver function and fibrosis, progressing to cirrhosis, chronic hepatic decompensation (CHD), end-stage liver disease (ESLD), and death. Patients may develop acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), typically related to a precipitating event and associated with increased mortality. The objective of this review was to analyze the role of acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in patients with CLD, focusing on the impact of this infection on patient survival and prognosis in several world regions.

scholarly journals Hepatitis aguda por virus E con características de autoinmunidad. Reporte de un caso

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
María Laura Garrido ◽  
María Laura Reyes Toso ◽  
Sebastián Raffa ◽  
Valeria Inés Descalzi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Smooth Muscle Antibody ◽  
Group Score

We analyze the case of a 49-year-old male patient who presented with clinical signs of acute hepatitis with an initial suspicion of autoimmune etiology. Laboratory findings demonstrated positive antinuclear antibody, anti-smooth muscle antibody and high serum gamma globulin. Histology of the liver biopsy revealed changes compatible with autoimmune hepatitis, which associated with an International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group score of 7, determined the initiation of treatment with Meprednisolone and Azathioprine. During the follow-up, we received positive serological results of immunoglobulin M against hepatitis E virus with detectable viremia by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique, changing the diagnosis to acute hepatitis secondary to hepatitis E virus. Immunosuppression was suspended and the patient continued with clinical and biochemical improvement. In Argentina, hepatitis E virus testing is not routinely performed, however, to avoid misdiagnosis, this etiology should be ruled out in patients with acute hepatitis before labeling it as autoimmune hepatitis. This could reduce unnecessary treatment that could endanger our patients.

scholarly journals Effector memory CD8 T cell response elicits Hepatitis E Virus genotype 3 pathogenesis in the elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. e1009367
Author(s):  
Hicham El Costa ◽  
Jordi Gouilly ◽  
Florence Abravanel ◽  
Elmostafa Bahraoui ◽  
Jean-Marie Peron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Effector Memory ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Antigen Specificity ◽  
Genotype 3

Genotype 3 Hepatitis E virus (HEV-3) is an emerging threat for aging population. More than one third of older infected patients develops clinical symptoms with severe liver damage, while others remain asymptomatic. The origin of this discrepancy is still elusive although HEV-3 pathogenesis appears to be immune-mediated. Therefore, we investigated the role of CD8 T cells in the outcome of the infection in immunocompetent elderly subjects. We enrolled twenty two HEV-3-infected patients displaying similar viral determinants and fifteen healthy donors. Among the infected group, sixteen patients experienced clinical symptoms related to liver disease while six remained asymptomatic. Here we report that symptomatic infection is characterized by an expansion of highly activated effector memory CD8 T (EM) cells, regardless of antigen specificity. This robust activation is associated with key features of early T cell exhaustion including a loss in polyfunctional type-1 cytokine production and partial commitment to type-2 cells. In addition, we show that bystander activation of EM cells seems to be dependent on the inflammatory cytokines IL-15 and IL-18, and is supported by an upregulation of the activating receptor NKG2D and an exuberant expression of T-Bet and T-Bet-regulated genes including granzyme B and CXCR3. We also show that the inflammatory chemokines CXCL9-10 are increased in symptomatic patients thereby fostering the recruitment of highly cytotoxic EM cells into the liver in a CXCR3-dependent manner. Finally, we find that the EM-biased immune response returns to homeostasis following viral clearance and disease resolution, further linking the EM cells response to viral burden. Conversely, asymptomatic patients are endowed with low-to-moderate EM cell response. In summary, our findings define immune correlates that contribute to HEV-3 pathogenesis and emphasize the central role of EM cells in governing the outcome of the infection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document