scholarly journals Vitamin A deficiency in chronic cholestatic liver disease: Is vitamin A therapy beneficial?

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1752-1758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cora Freund ◽  
Daniel N. Gotthardt
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease

scholarly journals Night Blindness in Cystic Fibrosis: The Key Role of Vitamin A in the Digestive System

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Norsa ◽  
Laura Zazzeron ◽  
Marialaura Cuomo ◽  
Laura Claut ◽  
Anna Marta Clotilde Bulfamante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Intestinal Failure ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Disease

Vitamin A is a fundamental micronutrient that regulates various cellular patterns. Vitamin A deficiency (VAT) is a worldwide problem and the primary cause of nocturnal blindness especially in low income countries. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a known risk factor of VAD because of liposoluble vitamin malabsorption due to pancreatic insufficiency. We describe a case of a 9-year-old girl who experienced recurrent episodes of nocturnal blindness due to profound VAD. This little girl is paradigmatic for the explanation of the key role of the gut–liver axis in vitamin A metabolism. She presents with meconium ileus at birth, requiring intestinal resection that led to a transient intestinal failure with parenteral nutrition need. In addition, she suffered from cholestatic liver disease due to CF and intestinal failure-associated liver disease. The interaction of pancreatic function, intestinal absorption and liver storage is fundamental for the correct metabolism of vitamin A.

scholarly journals Vitamin A metabolic aspects and alcoholic liver disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-610
Author(s):  
Tatiana Pereira de Paula ◽  
Wilza Arantes Ferreira Peres ◽  
Rejane Andréa Ramalho ◽  
Henrique Sérgio Moraes Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Chronic Alcoholic ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

The liver is a strategic organ in the metabolism of macro and micronutrients; when its functioning is compromised, it may cause some change in the nutritional status of vitamin A. The purpose of this article is to review scientific evidence in literature on the liver metabolism of vitamin A, the role of ethanol and retinol interactions on hepatic morphology, besides the alterations in the metabolism of this vitamin in alcoholic liver disease. Data were collected from Medline database. The liver is the main organ responsible for the storage, metabolism and distribution of vitamin A to peripheral tissues. This organ uses retinol for its normal functioning such as cell proliferation and differentiation. This way, vitamin A deficiency seems to alter liver morphology. Patients with alcoholic liver disease have been found to have low hepatic levels of retinol in all stages of their disease. In alcoholic liver disease, vitamin A deficiency may result from decreased ingestion or absorption, reduction in retinoic acid synthesis or increased degradation. Long-term alcohol intake results in reduced levels of retinoic acid, which may promote the development of liver tumor. So, in chronic alcoholic subjects, vitamin A status needs to be closely monitored to avoid its deficiency and clinical effects, however its supplementation must be done with caution since the usual dose may be toxic for those who consume ethanol.

Serum vitamin A deficiency and increased intrahepatic expression of cytokeratin antigen in alcoholic liver disease

Hepatology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1019-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukunda B. Ray ◽  
Charles L. Mendenhall ◽  
Samuel W. French ◽  
Peter S. Gartside ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin

A Case of Eye Disease Due to Dietary Vitamin a Deficiency in Glasgow

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Buchanan ◽  
H.R. Atta ◽  
G.P. Crean ◽  
K.E.L. McColl
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin Deficiency ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Caucasian Girl

A 22 year old Caucasian girl living in Glasgow presented with eye disease due to Vitamin A deficiency. There was no evidence of liver disease or malabsorption and the vitamin deficiency was found to be due to her bizarre dietary habit.

scholarly journals Vitamin A deficiency in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1724-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. F. Peres ◽  
G. V. Chaves ◽  
J. C. S. Gonçalves ◽  
A. Ramalho ◽  
H. S. M. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Serum Retinol

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with oxidative stress and vitamin A possesses antioxidant activity. The objective of the present study was to investigate vitamin A nutritional status in chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), according to biochemical, functional and dietetic indicators correlating these findings with liver function, liver damage and death. Vitamin A nutritional status was analysed by serum retinol levels, dietetic indicators and functional indicators. A total of 140 patients with HCV-related liver disease were enrolled. Vitamin A deficiency was detected in 54·3 % of all patients, and there was a progressive drop in serum retinol levels from chronic hepatitis C patients towards cirrhosis and HCC patients. Increased total bilirubin, liver transaminases and prothrombin time, presence of hepatic encephalopathy and ascites were related to reduced serum retinol levels, and values ≤ 0·78 μmol/l of serum retinol were associated with liver-related death. A high prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamin A was observed in all stages of chronic liver disease. The functional indicator was not an adequate parameter for evaluating the vitamin A nutritional status. Therefore, serum retinol concentration is related to severity of the disease, liver complications and mortality. The effectiveness of nutritional counselling and measures of intervention in this group in improving vitamin A nutritional status should be examined further in a controlled study.

Quantification of Vitamin A in Fortified Rapeseed, Groundnut and Soya Oils Using a Simple Portable Device: Comparison to High Performance Liquid Chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Renaud ◽  
Jacques Berger ◽  
Arnaud Laillou ◽  
Sylvie Avallone
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Portable Device ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Control Food ◽  
Assay Precision

Vitamin A deficiency is still one of the major public health problems in least developed countries. Fortification of vegetable oils is a strategy implemented worldwide to prevent this deficiency. For a fortification program to be effective, regular monitoring is necessary to control food quality in the producing units. The reference methods for vitamin A quantification are expensive and time-consuming. A rapid method should be useful for regular assessment of vitamin A in the oil industry. A portable device was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for three plant oils (rapeseed, groundnut, and soya). The device presented a good linearity from 3 to 30 mg retinol equivalents per kg (mg RE.kg- 1). Its limits of detection and quantification were 3 mg RE.kg- 1 for groundnut and rapeseed oils and 4 mg RE.kg- 1 for soya oil. The intra-assay precision ranged from 1.48 % to 3.98 %, considered satisfactory. Accuracy estimated by the root mean squares error ranged from 3.99 to 5.49 and revealed a lower precision than HPLC (0.4 to 2.25). Although it offers less precision than HPLC, the device estimates quickly the vitamin A content of the tested oils from 3 or 4 to 15 mg RE.kg- 1.

Research Recommendations for Applying Vitamin A-Labelled Isotope Dilution Techniques to Improve Human Vitamin A Nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo ◽  
Anura V. Kurpad ◽  
Janet R. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pool Size ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Total Body

The current use of serum retinol concentrations as a measurement of subclinical vitamin A deficiency is unsatisfactory for many reasons. The best technique available for vitamin A status assessment in humans is the measurement of total body pool size. Pool size is measured by the administration of retinol labelled with stable isotopes of carbon or hydrogen that are safe for human subjects, with subsequent measurement of the dilution of the labelled retinol within the body pool. However, the isotope techniques are time-consuming, technically challenging, and relatively expensive. There is also a need to assess different types of tracers and doses, and to establish clear guidelines for the use and interpretation of this method in different populations. Field-friendly improvements are desirable to encourage the application of this technique in developing countries where the need is greatest for monitoring the risk of vitamin A deficiency, the effectiveness of public health interventions, and the potential of hypervitaminosis due to combined supplement and fortification programs. These techniques should be applied to validate other less technical methods of assessing vitamin A deficiency. Another area of public health relevance for this technique is to understand the bioconversion of β-carotene to vitamin A, and its relation to existing vitamin A status, for future dietary diversification programs.

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