Promoting effect of the recombinant resuscitation promoting factors‐2 of Rhodococcus erythropolis on petroleum degradation and cultivable bacterial diversities of the oil contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhui Fu ◽  
Jixiang Chen ◽  
Yonggang Wang ◽  
Tongtong Meng ◽  
Liang Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Resuscitation Promoting Factors

scholarly journals Intensification of Ex Situ Bioremediation of Soils Polluted with Used Lubricant Oils: A Comparison of Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation with a Special Focus on the Type and Size of the Inoculum

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila Bodor ◽  
Péter Petrovszki ◽  
Ágnes Erdeiné Kis ◽  
György Erik Vincze ◽  
Krisztián Laczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Environmental Stressors ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Used lubricant oils (ULOs) strongly bind to soil particles and cause persistent pollution. In this study, soil microcosm experiments were conducted to model the ex situ bioremediation of a long term ULO-polluted area. Biostimulation and various inoculation levels of bioaugmentation were applied to determine the efficacy of total petrol hydrocarbon (TPH) removal. ULO-contaminated soil microcosms were monitored for microbial respiration, colony-forming units (CFUs) and TPH bioconversion. Biostimulation with inorganic nutrients was responsible for 22% of ULO removal after 40 days. Bioaugmentation using two hydrocarbon-degrader strains: Rhodococcus quingshengii KAG C and Rhodococcus erythropolis PR4 at a small inoculum size (107 CFUs g−1 soil), reduced initial TPH concentration by 24% and 29%, respectively; the application of a higher inoculum size (109 CFUs g−1 soil) led to 41% and 32% bioconversion, respectively. After 20 days, all augmented CFUs decreased to the same level as measured in the biostimulated cases, substantiating the challenge for the newly introduced hydrocarbon-degrading strains to cope with environmental stressors. Our results not only highlight that an increased number of degrader cells does not always correlate with enhanced TPH bioconversion, but they also indicate that biostimulation might be an economical solution to promote ULO biodegradation in long term contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Model experiment for cleaning oil-contaminated soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Alibek A. Kaziev ◽  
◽  
Amantay Sh. Akzhigitov ◽  
Sofia Z. Sagyndykova ◽  
Azamat N. Nurlybekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Rhodococcus Ruber ◽  
Oil Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wide Range

The ability to absorb oil hydrocarbons is inherent in microorganisms represented by various systematic groups. These include various types of micromycetes, yeast, and bacteria. The most active oil destructors are found among bacteria. They are characterized by the ability to absorb a wide range of hydrocarbons, including aromatic ones, have a high growth rate and, therefore, are of great practical interest. The restoration of oil-contaminated lands is currently one of the complex and at the same time little-studied object of reclamation. The article presents the results of studies of the adsorption capacity of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms of the genera Bacillus, Micrococcus and Rhodococcus and their oil-oxidizing activity after immobilization on zeolite and expanded clay in model conditions. It was noted that as a result of research work, strains of the microorganisms Rhodococcus, Micrococcus are better adsorbed on the surface of zeolite, expanded clay and at the same time have a high oil-oxidizing activity. Representatives of natural hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms are characterized by high emulsification rates; the cultures of Rhodococcus erythropolis and Rhodococcus ruber have the highest emulsifying activity. This may indicate a high destructive activity of microorganisms. When assessing the degree of oil destruction after 60 days when introducing free cultures of microorganisms, it ranged from 32.84 to 64.94%, and in the variants with the introduction of immobilized cultures of microorganisms on zeolite, oil utilization was from 47.94 to 86.84%. When immobilized cells of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms were introduced onto expanded clay, the destruction ranged from 47.69 to 92.75%.

scholarly journals Microbial Population Dynamics Associated with Crude-Oil Biodegradation in Diverse Soils

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 6316-6324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natsuko Hamamura ◽  
Sarah H. Olson ◽  
David M. Ward ◽  
William P. Inskeep
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Alkane Degradation

ABSTRACT Soil bacterial population dynamics were examined in several crude-oil-contaminated soils to identify those organisms associated with alkane degradation and to assess patterns in microbial response across disparate soils. Seven soil types obtained from six geographically distinct areas of the United States (Arizona, Oregon, Indiana, Virginia, Oklahoma, and Montana) were used in controlled contamination experiments containing 2% (wt/wt) crude oil spiked with [1-14C]hexadecane. Microbial populations present during hydrocarbon degradation were analyzed using both 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and by traditional methods for cultivating hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria. After a 50-day incubation, all seven soils showed comparable hydrocarbon depletion, where >80% of added crude oil was depleted and approximately 40 to 70% of added [14C]hexadecane was converted to 14CO2. However, the initial rates of hydrocarbon depletion differed up to 10-fold, and preferential utilization of shorter-chain-length n-alkanes relative to longer-chain-length n-alkanes was observed in some soils. Distinct microbial populations developed, concomitant with crude-oil depletion. Phylogenetically diverse bacterial populations were selected across different soils, many of which were identical to hydrocarbon-degrading isolates obtained from the same systems (e.g., Nocardioides albus, Collimonas sp., and Rhodococcus coprophilus). In several cases, soil type was shown to be an important determinant, defining specific microorganisms responding to hydrocarbon contamination. However, similar Rhodococcus erythropolis-like populations were observed in four of the seven soils and were the most common hydrocarbon-degrading organisms identified via cultivation.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Different Remediation Strategies Applied in Petroleum-Contaminated Soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Qi Cui ◽  
Qing-Sheng He ◽  
Ming-Hui Liu ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
Ming-Bo Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Remediation Strategies

Due to the increasing pollution by petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs), it is an important task to develop eco-friendly and highly efficient methods for remediating petroleum-contaminated soils. In this study, bioremediation technology was applied to remediate PHs contaminated soils, and the bacterial community structure and physicochemical characteristics of the soil treated using different bioremediation regimens were analyzed. Compared with the control condition (S0), the PHs removal efficiency of biostimulation (S2) and bioaugmentation (S3) was increased significantly. Combined biostimulation with bioaugmentation (S4) had the highest PHs removal efficiency, up to 60.14 ± 4.12%. Among all the selected remediation strategies (S1–S4, S1: soil moisture content: 25–30%), the bacterial alpha-diversity was higher than in S0. The genera Acinetobacter, Escherichia-Shigella, Bacteroides, Microbacterium, and Parabacteroides were found to greatly contribute to PHs’ degradation. In the group S4, the PH-degraders and soil enzyme activity were higher than in the other remediation regimens, and these indices gradually decreased in the mid-to-later periods of all remediation tests. Additionally, the abundance of alkB and nah genes was increased by improving the environmental condition of the microorganism communities. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) had a positive correlation with total PHs degradation. This study offers insights into the microbial community response to environmental factors during bioremediation, which shows a promoting effect in enhancing the efficiency of PHs remediation.

Xyloglucan- and cello-oligosaccharides: Antagonists of the growth-promoting effect of H+

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester P. Lorences ◽  
Gordon J. McDougall ◽  
Stephen C. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Growth Promoting

Fungicidal and Bactericidal Activity of the Alkyl-Substituted Guanidine-Containing Oligomers

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
M.Ya. Vortman ◽  
◽  
Yu.B. Pysmenna ◽  
A.I. Chuenko ◽  
D.R. Abdulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Rhodococcus Erythropolis ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Alkyl Bromides ◽  
Base Form ◽  
Two Stages

Biocides are widely used in medicine and various industries to protect against a number of harmful microorganisms. Organic quaternary ammonium and guanidine-containing compounds, the biological action of which is based on membrane-toxic properties, are used as bactericidal preparations. The aim of this work was to study the bactericidal and fungicidal activities of the synthesized oligomeric alkylsubstituted guanidinium bromides with different radicals -C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21, against different isolates of heterotrophic bacteria and microscopic fungi. Methods. The synthesis of alkyl-substituted guanidiniumcontaining oligomers was performed in two stages. In the first stage, alkyl-substituted guanidine was obtained by the reaction of guanidine, previously converted by alkali from the salt form to the base form by the base and alkyl bromides (Alk=-C3H7 (propyl), -C7H15 (heptyl), -C10H21 (decyl)) in methanol at a temperature of 50°C and a molar ratio of 1:1. The second carried out the reaction between aromatic oligoepoxide DER-331 and alkyl-substituted guanidine in methanol at a temperature of 50°C for 2–3 hours and a molar ratio of 1:2. Bacteria were grown on meat-peptone agar for 48 hours at a temperature of 28±2°С. Test cultures of micromycetes were cultured on agar beer wort (6°B), incubated for 14 days in a thermostat at a temperature of 28±2°C. Antimicrobial activity of newly synthesized alkyl-substituted guanidinium-containing oligomers was determined by standard disco-diffusion method (method of disks on agar) and fungicidal activity was determined by the method of holes in agar. Results. Oligomeric alkylsubstituted guanidinium bromides with different radicals composed -C3H7, -C7H15, -C10H21- synthesized by the reaction of guanidine alkyl bromides with aromatic oligoepoxydes. It was found that alkyl-substituted guanidinium-containing oligomers at a concentration of 1–3% inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli 475, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 465, Klebsiella pneumonia 479, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes 109, Staphylococcus aureus 451, E. faecalis 422, Rhodococcus erythropolis 102, Bacillus subtilis 138 and most of the studied micromycetes – Aureobasidium pullulans F-41430, Paecilomyces variotii F-41432, Penicillium funiculosum F-41435, Penicillium ochrochloron F-41431, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis F-41434, Trichoderma viride F-41437, Candida albicans F-41441, Aspergillus flavus F-41442, Aspergillus niger F-41448, Penicillium sp. F-41447. Conclusions. Antimicrobial and fungicidal properties significantly depend on the length of the alkyl radical, with increasing of its length the diameter of the zone of bacterial and micromycetes growth retardation increases.10.15407/microbiolj82.06.054

Effect of chelants on the lead and copper uptake of maize from contaminated soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Czira ◽  
László Simon ◽  
György Vincze ◽  
József Koncz ◽  
Gyula Lakatos
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Copper Uptake

Magyarországon a robbanóanyaggal és lőszerszármazékokkal szennyezett területek kármentesítése környezetvédelmi és nemzetgazdasági érdek. Egy hazai lőtérről, illetve lőszer-megsemmisítő telepről vett talajban 900 mg·kg−1 ólom- és 133 mg·kg−1 rézszennyeződést mértünk. A fitoextrakció célja, hogy a növényi szervekbe helyezzük át a nehézfémeket, lecsökkentve ezzel a mobilis, toxikus elemkészletet a szennyezett talajokban. Megvizsgáltuk, hogy egy lőszerszármazékokkal szennyezett talajba, illetve ólommal mesterségesen elszennyezett talajba kijuttatott kelátképzőszerekkel (EDTA, EGTA, citromsav) indukálható-e, megnövelhető-e a növényi szervek Pb- és Cu-akkumulációja?Tenyészedény-kísérletünkben kukoricát neveltünk a fenti ólommal és rézzel elszennyezett lőtéri talajon, illetve a közelben gyűjtött szennyezetlen talajt mesterségesen szennyeztük el 100 mg·kg-1 ólommal. Míg a kontroll (kelátképzővel nem kezelt) szennyezett talajon fejlődő kukorica gyökerében 554 μg·g−1 ólom volt mérhető, addig az EDTA hatására a gyökerekben 4611 μg·g−1-ra (több mint nyolcszorosára), a hajtásokban pedig 158-ról 302 μg·g−1-ra (91%-kal) nőtt az ólomkoncentráció. Mindkét változás statisztikailag szignifikánsnak bizonyult. Az EGTA a Cufelvételt serkentette; a kontrollkultúrák gyökerében 516 μg·g−1, a kezelt kultúrákban viszont 1063 μg·g−1 értéket mértünk (ez kétszeres szignifikáns növekmény). A hajtásokban 69%-kal, 29,9-ról 50,7 μg·g−1-ra emelkedett a réztartalom, ez azonban nem bizonyult statisztikailag szignifikánsnak. A citromsav az ólom hajtásokba történő áthelyeződését nem indukálta, rézfelvétel-serkentő hatása csak a gyökerekben volt szignifikáns.Tenyészedény-kísérleteink alapján kijelenthető, hogy elsősorban az EDTA, illetve részben az EGTA a talajba kijuttatva mobilisabbá, könnyebben felvehetővé teszi az ólmot és a rezet, elősegítve ezzel e két toxikus elem növényekben történő akkumulációját. Szabadföldi körülmények között is feltételezhető, hogy a növények betakarításával a toxikus elemek egy része eltávolítható a szennyezett talajból.

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