scholarly journals Isolation and characterization ofBacillus subtilisstrain BY-3, a thermophilic and efficient cellulase-producing bacterium on untreated plant biomass

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Meng ◽  
L. Ma ◽  
S. Ji ◽  
W. Yang ◽  
B. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Untreated Plant ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals Genome sequencing and identification of cellulase genes in Bacillus paralicheniformis strains from the Red Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siham Fatani ◽  
Yoshimoto Saito ◽  
Mohammed Alarawi ◽  
Takashi Gojobori ◽  
Katsuhiko Mineta
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bacillus Paralicheniformis

Abstract Background Cellulolytic microorganisms are considered a key player in the degradation of plant biomass in various environments. These microorganisms can be isolated from various environments, such as soils, the insect gut, the mammalian rumen and oceans. The Red Sea exhibits a unique environment in terms of presenting a high seawater temperature, high salinity, low nutrient levels and high biodiversity. However, there is little information regarding cellulase genes in the Red Sea environment. This study aimed to examine whether the Red Sea can be a resource for the bioprospecting of microbial cellulases by isolating cellulase-producing microorganisms from the Red Sea environment and characterizing cellulase genes. Results Three bacterial strains were successfully isolated from the plankton fraction and the surface of seagrass. The isolated strains were identified as Bacillus paralicheniformis and showed strong cellulase activity. These results suggested that these three isolates secreted active cellulases. By whole genome sequencing, we found 10 cellulase genes from the three isolates. We compared the expression of these cellulase genes under cellulase-inducing and non-inducing conditions and found that most of the cellulase genes were generally upregulated during cellulolysis in the isolates. Our operon structure analysis also showed that cellulase genes form operons with genes involved in various kinds of cellular reactions, such as protein metabolism, which suggests the existence of crosstalk between cellulolysis and other metabolic pathways in the bacterial isolates. These results suggest that multiple cellulases are playing important roles in cellulolysis. Conclusions Our study reports the isolation and characterization of cellulase-producing bacteria from the Red Sea. Our whole-genome sequencing classified our three isolates as Bacillus paralicheniformis, and we revealed the presence of ten cellulase orthologues in each of three isolates’ genomes. Our comparative expression analysis also identified that most of the cellulase genes were upregulated under the inducing conditions in general. Although cellulases have been roughly classified into three enzyme groups of beta-glucosidase, endo-β-1,4-glucanase and exoglucanase, these findings suggest the importance to consider microbial cellulolysis as a more complex reaction with various kinds of cellulase enzymes.

Classification of ‘Anaerocellum thermophilum’ strain DSM 6725 as Caldicellulosiruptor bescii sp. nov.

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 2011-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Jae Yang ◽  
Irina Kataeva ◽  
Juergen Wiegel ◽  
Yanbin Yin ◽  
Phuongan Dam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Caldicellulosiruptor Bescii ◽  
Untreated Plant ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

The thermophilic, cellulolytic, anaerobic bacterium ‘Anaerocellum thermophilum’ strain Z-1320 was isolated from a hot spring almost two decades ago and deposited in the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ) as DSM 6725. The organism was classified as representing a new genus, ‘Anaerocellum’, primarily on its growth physiology, cell-wall type and morphology. The results of recent physiological studies and of phylogenetic and genome sequence analyses of strain DSM 6725 of ‘A. thermophilum’ obtained from the DSMZ showed that its properties differed from those originally described for strain Z-1320. In particular, when compared with strain Z-1320, strain DSM 6725 grew at higher temperatures and had an expanded range of growth substrates. Moreover, the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain DSM 6725 fell within the Caldicellulosiruptor clade. It is therefore suggested that ‘Anaerocellum thermophilum’ should be classified as a member of the genus Caldicellulosiruptor, for which the name Caldicellulosiruptor bescii sp. nov. is proposed (type strain DSM 6725T=ATCC BAA-1888T). C. bescii sp. nov. DSM 6725T is the most thermophilic cellulose-degrading organism known. The strain was able to grow up to 90 °C (pH 7.2) and degraded crystalline cellulose and xylan as well as untreated plant biomass, including potential bioenergy plants such as poplar and switchgrass.

Isolation and characterization ofRhizobiumsp. strain YS-1r that degrades lignin in plant biomass

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 940-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Jackson ◽  
M.B. Couger ◽  
M. Prabhakaran ◽  
K.D. Ramachandriya ◽  
P. Canaan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

scholarly journals Efficient Degradation of Lignocellulosic Plant Biomass, without Pretreatment, by the Thermophilic Anaerobe “Anaerocellum thermophilum” DSM 6725

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (14) ◽  
pp. 4762-4769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Jae Yang ◽  
Irina Kataeva ◽  
Scott D. Hamilton-Brehm ◽  
Nancy L. Engle ◽  
Timothy J. Tschaplinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Growth Substrate ◽  
Caldicellulosiruptor Saccharolyticus ◽  
Optimum Growth Temperature ◽  
Untreated Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spent Biomass

ABSTRACT Very few cultivated microorganisms can degrade lignocellulosic biomass without chemical pretreatment. We show here that “Anaerocellum thermophilum” DSM 6725, an anaerobic bacterium that grows optimally at 75°C, efficiently utilizes various types of untreated plant biomass, as well as crystalline cellulose and xylan. These include hardwoods such as poplar, low-lignin grasses such as napier and Bermuda grasses, and high-lignin grasses such as switchgrass. The organism did not utilize only the soluble fraction of the untreated biomass, since insoluble plant biomass (as well as cellulose and xylan) obtained after washing at 75°C for 18 h also served as a growth substrate. The predominant end products from all growth substrates were hydrogen, acetate, and lactate. Glucose and cellobiose (on crystalline cellulose) and xylose and xylobiose (on xylan) also accumulated in the growth media during growth on the defined substrates but not during growth on the plant biomass. A. thermophilum DSM 6725 grew well on first- and second-spent biomass derived from poplar and switchgrass, where spent biomass is defined as the insoluble growth substrate recovered after the organism has reached late stationary phase. No evidence was found for the direct attachment of A. thermophilum DSM 6725 to the plant biomass. This organism differs from the closely related strain A. thermophilum Z-1320 in its ability to grow on xylose and pectin. Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus DSM 8903 (optimum growth temperature, 70°C), a close relative of A. thermophilum DSM 6725, grew well on switchgrass but not on poplar, indicating a significant difference in the biomass-degrading abilities of these two otherwise very similar organisms.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of the Anaerobic, Thermophilic, and Cellulolytic Bacterium “Anaerocellum thermophilum” DSM 6725

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (11) ◽  
pp. 3760-3761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina A. Kataeva ◽  
Sung-Jae Yang ◽  
Phuongan Dam ◽  
Farris L. Poole ◽  
Yanbin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Caldicellulosiruptor Saccharolyticus ◽  
Sugar Utilization ◽  
Untreated Plant

ABSTRACT “Anaerocellum thermophilum” DSM 6725 is a strictly anaerobic bacterium that grows optimally at 75°C. It uses a variety of polysaccharides, including crystalline cellulose and untreated plant biomass, and has potential utility in biomass conversion. Here we report its complete genome sequence of 2.97 Mb, which is contained within one chromosome and two plasmids (of 8.3 and 3.6 kb). The genome encodes a broad set of cellulolytic enzymes, transporters, and pathways for sugar utilization and compared to those of other saccharolytic, anaerobic thermophiles is most similar to that of Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus DSM 8903.

scholarly journals Retraction for Anderson et al., Recombinant Bacillus subtilis That Grows on Untreated Plant Biomass

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (22) ◽  
pp. 7957-7957
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Anderson ◽  
J. Izaak Miller ◽  
Henri-Pierre Fierobe ◽  
Robert T. Clubb
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Untreated Plant ◽  
Recombinant Bacillus Subtilis

The isolation and characterization of 18 equine microsatellite loci, TKY272–TKY289

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Tozaki ◽  
H Kakoi ◽  
S Mashima ◽  
K Hirota ◽  
T Hasegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Isolation And Characterization
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