Intraspecific facilitation explains the spread of the invasive engineer Spartina anglica in Atlantic salt marshes

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Proença ◽  
Tanya Nez ◽  
Armand Poli ◽  
Aurélie Ciutat ◽  
Ludovic Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Spartina Anglica ◽  
Intraspecific Facilitation

scholarly journals Potential of High-Resolution Pléiades Imagery to Monitor Salt Marsh Evolution After Spartina Invasion

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Proença ◽  
Frédéric Frappart ◽  
Bertrand Lubac ◽  
Vincent Marieu ◽  
Bertrand Ygorra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Multispectral Images ◽  
Spartina Anglica ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Ground Truth Data ◽  
Spartina Species

An early assessment of biological invasions is important for initiating conservation strategies. Instrumental progress in high spatial resolution (HSR) multispectral satellite sensors greatly facilitates ecosystems’ monitoring capability at an increasingly smaller scale. However, species detection is still challenging in environments characterized by a high variability of vegetation mixing along with other elements, such as water, sediment, and biofilm. In this study, we explore the potential of Pléiades HSR multispectral images to detect and monitor changes in the salt marshes of the Bay of Arcachon (SW France), after the invasion of Spartina anglica. Due to the small size of Spartina patches, the spatial and temporal monitoring of Spartina species focuses on the analysis of five multispectral images at a spatial resolution of 2 m, acquired at the study site between 2013 and 2017. To distinguish between the different types of vegetation, various techniques for land use classification were evaluated. A description and interpretation of the results are based on a set of ground truth data, including field reflectance, a drone flight, historical aerial photographs, GNSS and photographic surveys. A preliminary qualitative analysis of NDVI maps showed that a multi-temporal approach, taking into account a delayed development of species, could be successfully used to discriminate Spartina species (sp.). Then, supervised and unsupervised classifications, used for the identification of Spartina sp., were evaluated. The performance of the species identification was highly dependent on the degree of environmental noise present in the image, which is season-dependent. The accurate identification of the native Spartina was higher than 75%, a result strongly affected by intra-patch variability and, specifically, by the presence of areas with a low vegetation density. Further, for the invasive Spartina anglica, when using a supervised classifier, rather than an unsupervised one, the accuracy of the classification increases from 10% to 90%. However, both algorithms highly overestimate the areas assigned to this species. Finally, the results highlight that the identification of the invasive species is highly dependent both on the seasonal presence of itinerant biological features and the size of vegetation patches. Further, we believe that the results could be strongly improved by a coupled approach, which combines spectral and spatial information, i.e., pattern-recognition techniques.

Remote sensing of Spartina anglica biomass in five French salt marshes

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. GROSS ◽  
V. KLEMAS ◽  
J. E. LEVASSEUR
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Spartina Anglica

scholarly journals Ecological effects of <i>Spartina anglica</i> on the macro-invertebrate infauna of the mud flats at Bull Island, Dublin Bay, Ireland

Web Ecology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. McCorry ◽  
M. L. Otte
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Ecological Effects ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Intertidal Mudflat ◽  
Spartina Anglica ◽  
Ongoing Project

Abstract. Spartina anglica (C. E. Hubbard) is a relatively new invasive perennial grass species in Ireland. It is well adapted to the intertidal mudflat environment and forms mono-specific swards. There have been concerns about its potential to impact negatively the ecosystems of mud flats and salt marshes. This ongoing project investigates the ecological effects of S. anglica, and its control, on the mudflats and saltmarsh at Bull Island, and the implications for management of S. anglica. The diversity and density of the macro-invertebrate infauna and some physical factors of the sediment were compared in: a) clumps of S. anglica, b) areas vegetated by Salicornia spp., c) an adjacent area of bare mud, and d) an unvegetated area. Presence of S. anglica had a significant effect on the density and diversity of macro-invertebrate infauna species. The results suggest that clumps of S. anglica can provide a habitat that supports a macro-invertebrate infauna as abundant and species rich as areas vegetated by Salicornia spp.

Urbanization impacts on production and recruitment of Fundulus heteroclitus in salt marsh creeks

2020 ◽  
Vol 645 ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
PJ Rudershausen ◽  
JA Buckel
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Fundulus Heteroclitus ◽  
Multiple Factor Analysis ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Juvenile Abundance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Throw Trap

It is unclear how urbanization affects secondary biological production in estuaries in the southeastern USA. We estimated production of larval/juvenile Fundulus heteroclitus in salt marsh areas of North Carolina tidal creeks and tested for factors influencing production. F. heteroclitus were collected with a throw trap in salt marshes of 5 creeks subjected to a range of urbanization intensities. Multiple factor analysis (MFA) was used to reduce dimensionality of habitat and urbanization effects in the creeks and their watersheds. Production was then related to the first 2 dimensions of the MFA, month, and year. Lastly, we determined the relationship between creek-wide larval/juvenile production and abundance from spring and abundance of adults from autumn of the same year. Production in marsh (g m-2 d-1) varied between years and was negatively related to the MFA dimension that indexed salt marsh; higher rates of production were related to creeks with higher percentages of marsh. An asymptotic relationship was found between abundance of adults and creek-wide production of larvae/juveniles and an even stronger density-dependent relationship was found between abundance of adults and creek-wide larval/juvenile abundance. Results demonstrate (1) the ability of F. heteroclitus to maintain production within salt marsh in creeks with a lesser percentage of marsh as long as this habitat is not removed altogether and (2) a density-dependent link between age-0 production/abundance and subsequent adult recruitment. Given the relationship between production and marsh area, natural resource agencies should consider impacts of development on production when permitting construction in the southeastern USA.

Cyanoprokaryota of the Salt Marshes at the Pryazov National Natural Park, Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. I. Arabadzhy-Tipenko ◽  
A. N. Solonenko ◽  
A. G. Bren
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Natural Park
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