Role of climate and herbivory on native and alien conifer seedling recruitment at and above the Fennoscandian tree line

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidele Bognounou ◽  
Philip E. Hulme ◽  
Lauri Oksanen ◽  
Otso Suominen ◽  
Johan Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Conifer Seedling

scholarly journals Potential Role of Sequential Glufosinate and Foramsulfuron Applications for Management of Fescues (Festucaspp.) in Wild Blueberry

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott N. White ◽  
Shanthanu Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Seedling Mortality ◽  
Wild Blueberry

Sheep and hair fescue are perennial, tuft forming grasses that spread by seed and form dense sods in wild blueberry fields. These sods compete with the crop for resources and hinder harvest. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted in 2015 to evaluate 1) the effect of sequential glufosinate and foramsulfuron applications on suppression of fescues in the greenhouse and field, and 2) efficacy of glufosinate and foramsulfuron on fescue seedlings when applied at 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk after seedling emergence in the greenhouse. Glufosinate applications at 750 and 1,005 g ai ha−1followed by foramsulfuron application at 35 g ai ha−1reduced fescue leaf number and biomass relative to foramsulfuron application alone in the greenhouse. In the field study, fescue flowering tuft density, tuft inflorescence height, seed production, and seed viability were reduced by foramsulfuron alone, but there was a trend towards lower seed production and tuft height when fescues were treated with glufosinate at 1,005 g ha−1followed by foramsulfuron. Foramsulfuron caused low seedling mortality at all application timings evaluated, but glufosinate caused >90% mortality in seedlings when applied at 2, 4, 6, or 8 wk after seedling emergence. Our results suggest that sequential applications of these herbicides are less effective under field conditions relative to results obtained in the greenhouse, though burndown glufosinate applications may have a role in reducing fescue seedling recruitment. Additional research should be conducted to determine the effect of early spring and autumn glufosinate applications on fescue seedling recruitment and suppression of established fescue tufts with subsequent foramsulfuron applications.

Microhabitat availability and seedling recruitment ofLobelia urens: a rare plant species at its geographical limit

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Dinsdale ◽  
M.P. Dale ◽  
M. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Precise Role

AbstractIn Britain,Lobelia urens(L.) (the heath lobelia) occurs in rough grassland, is rare and only found in southern England, where it is at the northern limit of its range. Emergence and survival ofL. urenswas investigated at six locations in two geographically distinct sites experiencing spring, autumn or no grazing in two consecutive years. Four factors were evaluated qualitatively, as a means of characterizing microhabitats for germination and survival: all permutations of higher plant cover, bryophytes, plant litter and surface depressions. The potential effect of adjacent plants on recruitment was also assessed using the nearest neighbour distance (NND). Grazing created depressions, removed plant litter and increased the proportion of sites with higher plant cover. It also resulted in a more open sward with higher NNDs. None of these changes stimulated recruitment. Instead, small increases in the frequency of some rare or very rare microhabitat types were vital in making grazed rough grassland more suitable for emergence. Reduced litter loads and a greater quantity of moss were two key responses. Overall, survival ofL. urenswas less than 1% and was particularly favoured by moss and an increase in NNDs. Shading from higher plants, with or without plant litter, decreased emergence, but the precise role of litter was complex and most probably related to its quantity. In an experimental seed bed, only empty depressions favoured emergence. The microhabitat relationships ofL. urenswere unusually consistent among locations and consecutive years.L. urensrequires high soil surface temperatures but also adequate water for large scale recruitment, and such conditions are encouraged by grazing. The particular problems of experimental design and statistical analysis of data from recruitment experiments are also discussed.

scholarly journals Temperature, precipitation and biotic interactions as determinants of tree seedling recruitment across the tree line ecotone

Oecologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Tingstad ◽  
Siri Lie Olsen ◽  
Kari Klanderud ◽  
Vigdis Vandvik ◽  
Mikael Ohlson
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Tree Seedling

scholarly journals The role of seedling recruitment from juvenile populations of Carex brevicuspis (Cyperaceae) at the Dongting Lake wetlands, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-miao Deng ◽  
Xin-sheng Chen ◽  
Yong-hong Xie ◽  
Ya-jun Xie ◽  
Zhi-yong Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Dongting Lake ◽  
Lake Wetlands

Seed scatterhoarding by white-tailed rats: consequences for seedling recruitment by an Australian rain forest tree

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAD C. THEIMER
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Seedling Dynamics ◽  
Avian Frugivore ◽  
Casuarius Casuarius

The role of white-tailed rats (Uromys caudimaculatus) as dispersers of seeds of the Australian tropical rain forest tree Beilschmiedia bancroftii, (Lauraceae) was investigated by following the fates of seeds and seedlings over 2 y. Fruits of this tree are too large to be consumed by any avian frugivore except the southern cassowary (Casuarius casuarius), and the only other native mammal capable of dispersing the seeds is the musky rat kangaroo (Hypsiprimnodon moschatus). However, neither of these species has been documented to disperse the seeds of this tree. During a mast year, white-tailed rats cached seeds an average of 13 m from parent trees in a variety of microsites. Although none of the 61 cached seeds followed in this study survived to germination, comparison of seed, cache and seedling distributions suggested that most seedlings arose from rat-cached seeds. White-tailed rats cached seeds in both mast and non-mast years, but the time seeds remained on the forest floor and in caches was significantly shorter in non-mast years, suggesting that synchronous seed production increases the probability that some caches survive to germination. Because white-tailed rats are the most common and widespread native mammal capable of dispersing large-seeds, this study suggests that they may play an important role in the seed and seedling dynamics of large-seeded tree species in Australian tropical rain forests.

scholarly journals Conifer seedling recruitment across a gradient from forest to alpine tundra: effects of species, provenance, and site

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Castanha ◽  
M.S. Torn ◽  
M.J. Germino ◽  
B. Weibel ◽  
L.M. Kueppers
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Alpine Tundra ◽  
Conifer Seedling
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