scholarly journals A 2‐year randomized blinded controlled trial of a conditionally licensed Moraxella bovoculi vaccine to aid in prevention of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in Angus beef calves

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 2786-2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette O'Connor ◽  
Vickie Cooper ◽  
Laura Censi ◽  
Ella Meyer ◽  
Mac Kneipp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Moraxella Bovoculi

scholarly journals Relatedness of type IV pilin PilA amongst geographically diverse Moraxella bovoculi isolated from cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Angelos ◽  
Kristin A. Clothier ◽  
Regina L. Agulto ◽  
Boguslav Mandzyuk ◽  
Morten Tryland
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Type Iv Pilin ◽  
Moraxella Bovoculi

Introduction. Moraxella bovoculi is frequently isolated from the eyes of cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye). As with M. bovis, which has been causally linked to IBK, M. bovoculi expresses an RTX (repeats in the structural toxin) cytotoxin that is related to M. bovis cytotoxin. Pilin, another pathogenic factor in M. bovis , is required for corneal attachment. Seven antigenically distinct pilin serogroups have been described in M. bovis . Hypothesis/Gap Statement. Multiple different serogroups exist amongst type IV pilin encoded by M. bovis , however, it is not known whether M. bovoculi exhibits a similar degree of diversity in type IV pilin that it encodes. Aim. This study was done to characterize a structural pilin (PilA) encoded by M. bovoculi isolated from cases of IBK to determine if diversity exists amongst PilA sequences. Methodology. Ninety-four isolates of M. bovoculi collected between 2002 and 2017 from 23 counties throughout California and from five counties in four other Western states were evaluated. Results. DNA sequencing and determination of deduced amino acid sequences revealed ten (designated groups A through J) unique PilA sequences that were ~96.1–99.3 % identical. Pilin groups A and C matched previously reported putative PilA sequences from M. bovoculi isolated from IBK-affected cattle in the USA (Virginia, Nebraska, and Kansas) and Asia (Kazakhstan). The ten pilin sequences identified were only ~74–76 % identical to deduced amino acid sequences of putative pilin proteins identified from the previously reported whole-genome sequences of M. bovoculi derived from deep nasopharyngeal swabs of IBK-asymptomatic cattle. Conclusions. Compared to the diversity reported between structural pilin proteins amongst different serogroups of M. bovis , M. bovoculi PilA from geographically diverse isolates derived from IBK-affected cattle are more conserved.

scholarly journals Moraxella spp. isolated from field outbreaks of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a retrospective study of case submissions from 2010 to 2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Dustin Loy ◽  
Bruce W. Brodersen
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Moraxella Bovis ◽  
Moraxella Bovoculi

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK), also known as pinkeye, is the most costly eye disease of cattle. The principal etiologic agent of IBK is the Gram-negative bacterium Moraxella bovis. However, there have been reports of IBK outbreaks associated with Moraxella bovoculi. A retrospective study of IBK diagnostic cases submitted from July 1, 2010 through October 31, 2013 was conducted. Included in the study were 1,042 Moraxella isolates from 1,538 swabs of lacrimal secretions collected from 282 herds from 30 U.S. states. Moraxella isolates were identified to the species level and were composed of M. bovoculi (701 isolates), M. bovis (295 isolates), Moraxella ovis (5 isolates), and other Moraxella spp. (41). Minimum inhibitory concentrations required for 90% growth inhibition (MIC90) was calculated for representative isolates. The MIC90 values for both M. bovis and M. bovoculi were as follows: ampicillin and ceftiofur: ≤0.25 µg/ml; clindamycin: 2 µg/ml; danofloxacin and enrofloxacin: ≤0.12 µg/ml; florfenicol: 0.5 µg/ml; gentamicin: 1 µg/ml; neomycin: 4 µg/ml; tulathromycin: 2 µg/ml; and tylosin: 8 µg/ml. The MIC90 values for M. bovoculi included the following: chlortetracycline: ≤0.5 µg/ml; oxytetracycline: 4 µg/ml; penicillin: 0.25 µg/ml; spectinomycin: 32 µg/ml; sulfadimethoxine: >256 µg/ml; tiamulin: 1 µg/ml; and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole: 4 µg/ml. For M. bovis, MIC90 values included the following: chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline: 1 µg/ml; penicillin: ≤0.12 µg/ml; spectinomycin: 16 µg/ml; sulfadimethoxine: ≤256 µg/ml; tiamulin: ≤0.5 µg/ml; and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole: ≤2 µg/ml. The current work describes the frequency of isolation and differences in antimicrobial sensitivity observed among Moraxella isolates from case submissions.

Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov., isolated from calves with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Angelos ◽  
Phillip Q. Spinks ◽  
Louise M. Ball ◽  
Lisle W. George
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Moraxella Bovoculi

Eighteen isolates of a Gram-negative coccus (strain 237T) were cultured from the eyes of dairy and beef calves affected with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; ‘pinkeye’) in northern California, USA, during summer 2002. These isolates had near full-length (1397 bp) 16S rRNA gene sequences that clustered into three groups with 99.9 % sequence similarity. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, the isolates were most closely associated with Moraxella bovis and Moraxella ovis in clade I of the classical moraxellae. Biochemically, the novel isolates could be distinguished from the other members of the genus Moraxella isolated from animals on the basis of phenylalanine deaminase activity. The results of partial sequence analysis of six housekeeping genes, the 16S–23S rRNA gene interspacer region and partial 23S rRNA gene provide strong support for the inclusion of these isolates in a novel taxon, for which the name Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain 237T (=ATCC BAA-1259T=CCUG 52049T).

scholarly journals Genetic differences among Moraxella bovis and Moraxella bovoculi isolates from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) outbreaks in southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Brocardo Comin ◽  
Robert Domingues ◽  
Emanuelle Baldo Gaspar ◽  
João Rodrigo Gil De Los Santos ◽  
Fernando Flores Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Moraxella Bovis ◽  
Moraxella Bovoculi
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