scholarly journals Using Syndromic Surveillance to Estimate Baseline Rates for Healthcare-Associated Infections in Critical Care Units of Small Animal Referral Hospitals

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1392-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruple-Czerniak ◽  
H.W. Aceto ◽  
J.B. Bender ◽  
M.R. Paradis ◽  
S.P. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Filter Placement in ICU Taps to Prevent the Occurrence of HAIs by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12-Months)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s206-s207
Author(s):  
Pablo Chico-Sánchez ◽  
Sandra Canovas-Javega ◽  
Natali J. Jimenez-Sepulveda ◽  
Edith Leutscher-Vasen ◽  
Cesar O. Villanueva-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Filter Placement ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background:Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is the third etiologic agent of healthcare associated infections, and the most frequent pathogen in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In critical care units is associated with high mortality, long hospital stay, and high healthcare-associated costs. We evaluated the effectiveness of filter placement in the water taps in critical care units to prevent the occurrence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIa) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: This experimental study was both cross-over and open-label in nature. We included patients admitted for >24 hours in critical care units over 24 months. The study was divided into 4 periods of 6 months each. We divided the study into 2 groups: patients in units with filters and patients in units without filters. We compared the incidence density of P. aeruginosa HAIs (number of cases divided by the number of person days) according the ECDC definition of case criteria between the groups. The 2 test was used, and the magnitude of the association was calculated as a rate ratio with a 95% confidence interval, adjusted using a Poisson regression model. Results: Overall, 1,132 patients were included in the study: 595 in units with water tap filters and 537 in units without water tap filters. HAI incidence among patients in units with water tap filters was 5.3 per 1,000 person days stay; without water tap filters, HAI incidence was 4.7 per 1,000 person days stay (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.47–1.90). Conclusions: The preliminary results of this study indicate a a lower incidence of P. aeruginosa HAIs in units with filters placed in water taps than in units without filters.Disclosures: NoneFunding: None

scholarly journals Syndromic surveillance for evaluating the occurrence of healthcare-associated infections in equine hospitals

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ruple-Czerniak ◽  
H. W. Aceto ◽  
J. B. Bender ◽  
M. R. Paradis ◽  
S. P. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Prospective, Controlled, Cross-Over Trial of Alcohol-Based Hand Gel in Critical Care Units

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Rupp ◽  
Teresa Fitzgerald ◽  
Susan Puumala ◽  
James R. Anderson ◽  
Rita Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adherence Rate ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Device Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background.There are limited data from prospective studies to indicate whether improvement in hand hygiene associated with the use of alcohol-based hand hygiene products results in improved patient outcomes.Design.A 2-year, prospective, controlled, cross-over trial of alcohol-based hand gel.Setting.The study was conducted in 2 medical-surgical ICUs for adults, each with 12 beds, from August 2001 to September 2003 at a university-associated, tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods.An alcohol-based hand gel was provided in one critical care unit and not provided in the other. After 1 year, the assignment was reversed. The hand hygiene adherence rate and the incidence of nosocomial infection were monitored. Samples for culture were obtained from nurses' hands every 2 months.Results.During 17,994 minutes of observation, which included 3,678 opportunities for hand hygiene, adherence rates improved dramatically after the introduction of hand gel, increasing from 37% to 68% in one unit and from 38% to 69% in the other unit (P< .001). Improvement was observed among all groups of healthcare workers. Hand hygiene rates were better at higher workloads when hand gel was available in the unit (P= .02). No substantial change in the rates of device-associated infection, infection due to multidrug-resistant pathogens, or infection due toClostridium difficilewas observed. Culture of samples from the hands of nursing staff revealed that an increased number of microbes and an increased number of microbe species was associated with longer fingernails (ie, more than 2 mm long), the wearing of rings, and/or lack of access to hand gel.Conclusions.The introduction of alcohol-based gel resulted in a significant and sustained improvement in the rate of hand hygiene adherence. Fingernail length greater than 2 mm, wearing rings, and lack of access to hand gel were associated with increased microbial carriage on the hands. This improvement in the hand hygiene adherence rate was not associated with detectable changes in the incidence of healthcare-associated infection.

Effect of Hospital-Wide Chlorhexidine Patient Bathing on Healthcare-Associated Infections

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 1094-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Rupp ◽  
R. Jennifer Cavalieri ◽  
Elizabeth Lyden ◽  
Jennifer Kucera ◽  
MaryAnn Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Washout Period ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Dose Escalation Study ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background.Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) bathing has been used primarily in critical care to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections and infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms. The objective was to determine the effect of hospital-wide CHG patient bathing on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).Design.Quasi-experimental, staged, dose-escalation study for 19 months followed by a 4-month washout period, in 3 cohorts.Setting.Academic medical center.Patients.All patients except neonates and infants.Intervention and Measurements.CHG bathing in the form of bed basin baths or showers administered 3 days per week or daily. CHG bathing compliance was monitored, and the rate of HAIs was measured.Results.Over 188,859 patient-days, 68,302 CHG baths were administered. Adherence to CHG bathing in the adult critical care units (90%) was better than that observed in other units (57.7%, P< .001). A significant decrease in infections due to Clostridium difficile was observed in all cohorts of patients during the intervention period, followed by a significant rise during the washout period. For all cohorts, the relative risk of C. difficile infection compared to baseline was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–0.89; P = .003) for 3-days-per-week CHG bathing and 0.41 (95% CI, 0.29–0.59; P < .001) for daily CHG bathing. During the washout period, the relative risk of infection was 1.85 (95% CI, 1.38–2.53; P =< .001), compared to that with daily CHG bathing. A consistent effect of CHG bathing on other HAIs was not observed. No adverse events related to CHG bathing were reported.Conclusions.CHG bathing was well tolerated and was associated with a significant decrease in C. difficile infections in hospitalized patients.

Healthcare associated infections caused by non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR): six years of experience of a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 06-12
Author(s):  
Zahidul Hasan ◽  
Md. Kamrul Islam ◽  
Arifa Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Stream Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Recently non-fermenting Gram negative rods (NFGNR) are playing an important role in healthcare associated infections. This observational study in a tertiary care hospital of Dhaka city conducted during 01August 2007 to 30 June 2013 found that 34.8% isolated organisms from patients with healthcare associated infections were NFGNR. Majority (74.3 %) of these infections were occurring inside critical care areas. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter together constituted 79.6% of the total NFGNR whereas Burkholderia cephacia complex (15.4%), Stenotrophomonas (4.3%) and Chryseobacterium species (0.7%) combined constituted remaining 20.4%. Out of total NFGNRs, Pseudomonas was responsible for highest number of catheter associated urinary tract infections (55.6%), ventilator associated pneumonia (46.3%), respiratory tract infection (65.8%) and surgical site infection (70.6%). Blood stream infection was predominantly caused by Burkholderia cephacia complex (33.5%) and Acinetobacter spp. (39.5%). Other than colistin most of the organisms were resistant to antibiotics commonly recommended for NFGNR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i2.19326 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(02): 6-12

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document