IL28RA polymorphism is associated with early hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment failure in human immunodeficiency virus-/HCV-coinfected patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Jiménez-Sousa ◽  
J. Berenguer ◽  
N. Rallón ◽  
M. Guzmán-Fulgencio ◽  
J. C. López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Hepatitis C treatment uptake and response among human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients in a large integrated healthcare system

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer O Lam ◽  
Leo B Hurley ◽  
Scott Chamberland ◽  
Jamila H Champsi ◽  
Laura C Gittleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Treatment Uptake ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cd4 Cell

U.S. guidelines recommend that patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) be prioritized for HCV treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), but the high cost of DAAs may contribute to disparities in treatment uptake and outcomes. We evaluated DAA initiation and effectiveness in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients in a U.S.-based healthcare system during October 2014–December 2017. Of 462 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, 276 initiated DAAs (70% cumulative proportion treated over three years). Lower likelihood of DAA initiation was observed among patients with Medicare (government-sponsored insurance) versus commercial insurance (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.46–0.84), patients with drug abuse diagnoses (aRR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.54–0.97), patients with CD4 cell count <200 cells/µl versus ≥500 (aRR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.23–0.91), and patients without prior HCV treatment (aRR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48–0.97). There were no significant differences in DAA initiation by age, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, HIV transmission risk, alcohol use, smoking, fibrosis level, HIV RNA levels, antiretroviral therapy use, hepatitis B infection, or number of outpatient visits. Ninety-five percent of patients achieved sustained virologic response (SVR). We found little evidence of sociodemographic disparities in DAA initiation among HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, and SVR rates were high. Efforts are needed to increase DAA uptake among coinfected Medicare enrollees, patients with drug abuse diagnoses, patients with low CD4 cell count, and patients receiving first-time HCV treatment.

scholarly journals Barriers to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Treatment Initiation in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus/HCV Coinfection: Lessons From the Interferon Era

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanyaporn Wansom ◽  
Oluwaseun Falade-Nwulia ◽  
Catherine G. Sutcliffe ◽  
Shruti H. Mehta ◽  
Richard D. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Treatment Uptake ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Missed Visits

Abstract Background Hepatitis C is a major cause of mortality among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, yet hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment uptake has historically been low. Although the removal of interferon removes a major barrier to HCV treatment uptake, oral therapies alone may not fully eliminate barriers in this population. Methods Within the Johns Hopkins Hospital HIV cohort, a nested case-control study was conducted to identify cases, defined as patients initiating HCV treatment between January 1996 and 2013, and controls, which were selected using incidence density sampling (3:1 ratio). Controls were matched to cases on date of enrollment. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with HCV treatment initiation. Results Among 208 treated cases and 624 untreated controls, the presence of advanced fibrosis (odds ratio [OR], 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26–3.95), recent active drug use (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.19–0.69), and non-black race (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.26–3.20) were independently associated with initiation of HCV therapy. An increasing proportion of missed visits was also independently associated with lower odds of HCV treatment (25%–49% missed visits [OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27–0.91] and ≥50% missed visits [OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.12–0.48]). Conclusions Interferon-free treatments may not be sufficient to fully overcome barriers to HCV care in HIV-infected patients. Interventions to increase engagement in care for HIV and substance use are needed to expand HCV treatment uptake.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Dynamics during HCV Treatment in HCV/HIV Coinfection

2003 ◽  
Vol 188 (10) ◽  
pp. 1498-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca J. Torriani ◽  
Ruy M. Ribeiro ◽  
Tari L. Gilbert ◽  
Uschi M. Schrenk ◽  
Marietta Clauson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Hiv Dynamics ◽  
Hiv Coinfection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals CD4 T Lymphocyte Proliferative Responses to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Antigens in Patients Coinfected with HCV and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Who Responded to Anti‐HCV Treatment

2002 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Legrand ◽  
Didier Neau ◽  
Tatiana Galperine ◽  
Pascale Trimoulet ◽  
Jean‐François Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals The Effect of Hepatitis C Virologic Clearance on Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara W. Chew ◽  
Lei Hua ◽  
Debika Bhattacharya ◽  
Adeel A. Butt ◽  
Lorelei Bornfleth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sustained Virologic Response ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background.  Successful hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment may reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and improve levels of CVD biomarkers produced outside the liver (nonhepatic biomarkers). Methods.  Stored serum or plasma from before and 24 weeks after end of HCV treatment (EOT) from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV-coinfected subjects who received up to 72 weeks of peginterferon/ribavirin, 27 with and 27 without sustained virologic response (SVR) matched by race, ethnicity and sex, were tested for nonhepatic (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [sICAM-1], soluble P-selectin [sP-selectin], interleukin [IL]-6, d-dimer, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 [Lp-PLA2]) and hepatic (cholesterol and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) CVD and macrophage activation markers (soluble CD163 [sCD163] and soluble CD14). Changes in biomarkers and their association with SVR were examined by t tests or Wilcoxon tests and regression models. Results.  Of the 54 subjects, 30 were white, 24 were black, and 44 were male. Pretreatment levels of nonhepatic biomarkers were high: sICAM-1 overall median, 439.2 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 365.6–592.8]; sP-selectin, 146.7 ng/mL (IQR, 94.1–209.9), and IL-6, 2.32 pg/mL (IQR, 1.61–3.49). Thirty-seven of 52 (71%) subjects had Lp-PLA2 &gt;235 ng/mL. Sustained virologic response was associated with decrease in sICAM-1 (P = .033) and sCD163 (P = .042); this result was attenuated after controlling for changes in the alanine aminotransferase level. At 24 weeks after EOT, 17 (63%) SVRs had Lp-PLA2 &gt;235 ng/mL vs 25 (93%) non-SVRs (P = .021). Conclusions.  Hepatitis C virus clearance may reduce hepatic and, subsequently, systemic inflammation and CVD risk in HIV/HCV coinfection.

scholarly journals Predictors of Mortality among United States Veterans with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebhat Erqou ◽  
Arpan Mohanty ◽  
Pashtoon Murtaza Kasi ◽  
Adeel A. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

Background. Understanding the predictors of mortality in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfection can be useful in management of these patients. Methods. We used the Electronically Retrieved Cohort of HCV Infected Veterans (ERCHIVES) for these analyses. Multivariate Cox-regression models were used to determine predictors of mortality. Results. Among 8,039 HIV infected veterans, 5251 (65.3%) had HCV coinfection. The all-cause mortality rate was 74.1 (70.4–77.9) per 1000 person-years (PY) among veterans with HIV/HCV coinfection and 39.8 (36.3–43.6) per 1000 PY for veterans with HIV monoinfection. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of all-cause mortality for HCV infection was 1.58 (1.36–1.84). Positive predictors of mortality included decompensated liver disease (2.33 (1.98–2.74)), coronary artery disease (1.74 (1.32–2.28)), chronic kidney disease (1.62 (1.36–1.92)), and anemia (1.58 (1.31–1.89)). Factors associated with reduced mortality included HCV treatment (0.41 (0.27–0.63)) and higher CD4 count (0.90 (0.87–0.93) per 100 cells/μL higher count). Data were insufficient to make informative analyses of the role of HCV virologic response. Conclusion. HCV coinfection was associated with substantial increased risk of mortality among HIV infected veterans. HCV treatment was associated with significantly lower risk of mortality.

scholarly journals Highly Successful Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Treatment Outcomes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/HCV-Coinfected Patients at a Large, Urban, Ryan White Clinic

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Patel ◽  
Saira Rab ◽  
Aley G. Kalapila ◽  
Alison Kyle ◽  
Ike Solomon Okosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Real World ◽  
Hcv Treatment ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Ryan White

Abstract Background The introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) created a major paradigm shift in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Currently, there is little “real-world” data regarding hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment outcomes in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HCV-coinfected population. Methods This retrospective cohort study examined HCV treatment outcomes of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients at a large, urban, Ryan White-funded clinic caring for an underserved population. All HIV patients initiating HCV treatment from January 1, 2013 to November 30, 2015 were included in the analysis. The primary end point was sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of therapy (SVR12). Results A total of 172 patients initiated HCV treatment within the study period: 79% were male, 83% were black, 95% were HCV genotype 1, 79% were HCV treatment naive, and 16% had cirrhosis. At baseline, median CD4 was 494 cells/μL (interquartile range, 316–722) and 92% had HIV ribonucleic acid less than 40 copies/mL. The most common DAA initiated was ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) (85%), with 92% receiving 12 weeks of treatment. Overall, SVR12 was 93% by intention-to-treat analysis and 98% by per-protocol analysis. The majority of patients on LDV/SOF did not report any adverse effect. One patient in the ribavirin plus SOF group discontinued treatment due to adverse effect. Conclusions In a cohort of mainly black, male, HIV/HCV-coinfected patients at a large, urban, Ryan White clinic, HCV treatment with DAAs resulted in high SVR12 rates and was well tolerated despite real-world challenges including medication access barriers and drug interaction concerns.

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