Development of a simple evaluation instrument for liquid thickness measurement

Author(s):  
Hirofumi Sei ◽  
Kazunori Yasuda ◽  
Rie Asayama ◽  
Kaori Tanaka ◽  
Shiori Oba ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
John F. Mansfield ◽  
Douglas C. Crawford

A method has been developed that allows on-line measurement of the thickness of crystalline materials in the analytical electron microscope. Two-beam convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns are digitized from a JEOL 2000FX electron microscope into an Apple Macintosh II microcomputer via a Gatan #673 CCD Video Camera and an Imaging Systems Technology Video 1000 frame-capture board. It is necessary to know the lattice parameters of the sample since measurements are made of the spacing of the diffraction discs in order to calibrate the pattern. The sample thickness is calculated from measurements of the spacings of the fringes that are seen in the diffraction discs. This technique was pioneered by Kelly et al, who used the two-beam dynamic theory of MacGillavry relate the deviation parameter (Si) of the ith fringe from the exact Bragg condition to the specimen thickness (t) with the equation:Where ξg, is the extinction distance for that reflection and ni is an integer.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
Christine Rzepka

One of the top reasons given for use of the internet is the ability to search for health information. However, much of the planning for web-based health information often fails to consider accessibility issues. If health care organizations and community agencies’ web sites have the latest, most wellresearched information on the health topics of the day, it is useless to those who cannot access it because of invisible technological barriers. Many flashy, high-tech sites were designed only to appeal to the needs of the mainstream population, with no consideration given to how people with disabilities must adapt their use of the web in order to access information. This article addresses issues of access specific to web site development, and will explore barriers to accessibility frequently experienced by web users with disabilities, requirements for ADA compliance, and how people with disabilities use the web. Web site accessibility guidelines, as well as simple evaluation tools, will be discussed. A thorough review of the article will enable even the least tech-savvy of health educators to enhance their skills in planning and evaluating web sites to promote access for people with disabilities.


2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Tuzun ◽  
Ayten Oguz ◽  
Murat Sahin ◽  
Safa Ersen Ganidagli ◽  
Didem Atay ◽  
...  

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-109
Author(s):  
Rohmad Qomari

To carry out evaluation comprehensively, we need appropriate instrument that suitable with domain that being evaluated. Evaluation instrument development with test has been conducted by experts. These instruments were only suitable to measure cognitive domain and part of psychomotor domain. To measure affective domain, we need to develop non-test evaluation instrument (alternative test). The development of this instrument tends to more difficult and complicated compare with instrument test evaluation instrument. Therefore, it does necessitate a through study to derive and elaborate affective domain to specific aspect to develop valid and reliable instrument.


Author(s):  
Mark Kimball

Abstract Silicon’s index of refraction has a strong temperature coefficient. This temperature dependence can be used to aid sample thinning procedures used for backside analysis, by providing a noncontact method of measuring absolute sample thickness. It also can remove slope ambiguity while counting interference fringes (used to determine the direction and magnitude of thickness variations across a sample).


Author(s):  
Prong Kongsubto ◽  
Sirarat Kongwudthiti

Abstract Organic solderability preservatives (OSPs) pad is one of the pad finishing technologies where Cu pad is coated with a thin film of an organic material to protect Cu from oxidation during storage and many processes in IC manufacturing. Thickness of OSP film is a critical factor that we have to consider and control in order to achieve desirable joint strength. Until now, no non-destructive technique has been proposed to measure OSP thickness on substrate. This paper reports about the development of EDS technique for estimating OSP thickness, starting with determination of the EDS parameter followed by establishing the correlation between C/Cu ratio and OSP thickness and, finally, evaluating the accuracy of the EDS technique for OSP thickness measurement. EDS quantitative analysis was proved that it can be utilized for OSP thickness estimation.


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