scholarly journals Remote history of VTE is associated with severe COVID‐19 in middle and older age: UK Biobank cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana J Anderson ◽  
Frederick K Ho ◽  
Claire L Niedzwiedz ◽  
S. Vittal Katikireddi ◽  
Carlos Celis‐Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of cognitive function in women with a history of eating disorders in the UK Biobank cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bracho ◽  
Breda Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the cognitive functions of women who reported a history of eating disorders (ED) with women who did not report any such history. Within the group of women who reported a history of ED, it aimed to compare the cognitive functions of those who met anorexia nervosa body mass index (BMI) criteria at the time of assessment with those who did not meet such criteria. Method: The sample in this observational cross-sectional study belonged to the UK Biobank cohort, and consisted of 260,601 women in middle to older age, of whom 347 had a lifetime history of ED. Participants underwent sociodemographic, medical and psychological evaluation, and were assessed with four computerized cognitive tasks. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to take account of covariates. Results: Slower reaction time was found in those with an ED history: differences of small effect size were found across different levels of model adjustment (d=-.096 [95% CI -.201, .009] to -.150 [95% CI -.249, -.052]). Reasoning, visuospatial memory and prospective memory were not significantly different between those with and without a history of ED. A consistent pattern of results was not found when comparing the sub-sample of participants with ED split according to current BMI criteria. Discussion: The findings suggest that an ED history may correlate with slower processing speed in middle to older age, but this may be partly accounted for by clinical covariates. Further research in population-representative cohorts is required.

scholarly journals Consumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: A cohort study in the UK Biobank

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. e1003830
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Hongxi Yang ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Wei-dong Li ◽  
Yaogang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Poststroke Dementia ◽  
The Uk

Background Previous studies have revealed the involvement of coffee and tea in the development of stroke and dementia. However, little is known about the association between the combination of coffee and tea and the risk of stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of coffee and tea separately and in combination with the risk of developing stroke and dementia. Methods and findings This prospective cohort study included 365,682 participants (50 to 74 years old) from the UK Biobank. Participants joined the study from 2006 to 2010 and were followed up until 2020. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the associations between coffee/tea consumption and incident stroke and dementia, adjusting for sex, age, ethnicity, qualification, income, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, alcohol status, smoking status, diet pattern, consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), history of cancer, history of diabetes, history of cardiovascular arterial disease (CAD), and hypertension. Coffee and tea consumption was assessed at baseline. During a median follow-up of 11.4 years for new onset disease, 5,079 participants developed dementia, and 10,053 participants developed stroke. The associations of coffee and tea with stroke and dementia were nonlinear (P for nonlinear <0.01), and coffee intake of 2 to 3 cups/d or tea intake of 3 to 5 cups/d or their combination intake of 4 to 6 cups/d were linked with the lowest hazard ratio (HR) of incident stroke and dementia. Compared with those who did not drink tea and coffee, drinking 2 to 3 cups of coffee and 2 to 3 cups of tea per day was associated with a 32% (HR 0.68, 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.79; P < 0.001) lower risk of stroke and a 28% (HR, 0.72, 95% CI, 0.59 to 0.89; P = 0.002) lower risk of dementia. Moreover, the combination of coffee and tea consumption was associated with lower risk of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. Additionally, the combination of tea and coffee was associated with a lower risk of poststroke dementia, with the lowest risk of incident poststroke dementia at a daily consumption level of 3 to 6 cups of coffee and tea (HR, 0.52, 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.83; P = 0.007). The main limitations were that coffee and tea intake was self-reported at baseline and may not reflect long-term consumption patterns, unmeasured confounders in observational studies may result in biased effect estimates, and UK Biobank participants are not representative of the whole United Kingdom population. Conclusions We found that drinking coffee and tea separately or in combination were associated with lower risk of stroke and dementia. Intake of coffee alone or in combination with tea was associated with lower risk of poststroke dementia.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics, and Virologic Features of COVID-19 Patients in Kazakhstan: a Nation-Wide, Retrospective, Cohort Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Yegorov ◽  
Maiya Goremykina ◽  
Raifa Ivanova ◽  
Sara V Good ◽  
Dmitriy Babenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Wbc Count

Background: The earliest coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases in Central Asia were announced in March 2020 by Kazakhstan. Despite the implementation of aggressive measures to curb infection spread, gaps remain in the understanding of the clinical and epidemiologic features of the regional pandemic. Methods: We did a retrospective, observational cohort study of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in Kazakhstan between February and April 2020. We compared demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data of patients with different COVID-19 severities on admission. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with disease severity and death. Whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 analysis was performed in 53 patients without a recent history of international travel. Findings: Of the 1072 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in March-April 2020, the median age was 36 years (IQR 24-50) and 484 (45%) were male. On admission, 683 (64%) participants had mild, 341 (32%) moderate, and 47 (4%) severe-to-critical COVID-19 manifestation; 20 deaths (1.87%) were reported at study exit. Multivariable regression indicated increasing odds of severe disease associated with older age (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07, per year increase; p<0.001), the presence of comorbidities (2.13, 95% CI 1.07-4.23; p<0.031) and elevated white blood cell count (WBC, 1.14, 95% CI 1.01-1.28; p<0.032) on admission, while older age (1.09, 95% CI 1.06-1.12, per year increase; p<0.001) and male sex (5.97, 95% CI 1.95-18.32; p<0.002) were associated with increased odds of death. The Kazakhstan SARS-CoV-2 isolates grouped into seven distinct lineages O/B.4.1, S/A.2, S/B.1.1, G/B.1, GH/B.1.255, GH/B.1.3 and GR/B.1.1.10. Interpretation: Older age, comorbidities, increased WBC count, and male sex were risk factors for COVID-19 disease severity and mortality in Kazakhstan. The broad SARS-CoV-2 diversity suggests multiple importations and community-level amplification, likely predating the declaration of state emergency. Continuous epidemiologic and genomic surveillance may be critical for a better understanding of the regional COVID-19 dynamics.

scholarly journals Family history of diabetes and risk of SARS‐COV‐2 in UK Biobank: A prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhautesh Dinesh Jani ◽  
Barbara I. Nicholl ◽  
Peter Hanlon ◽  
Frances S. Mair ◽  
Jason MR. Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Natural history of helicobacter pylori infection from infancy to adulthood: A 21-year follow-up cohort study

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A128-A128 ◽  
Author(s):  
H MALATY ◽  
D GRAHAM ◽  
A ELKASABANY ◽  
S REDDY ◽  
S SRINIVASAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals A history of previous childbirths is linked to women's white matter brain age in midlife and older age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Voldsbekk ◽  
Claudia Barth ◽  
Ivan I. Maximov ◽  
Tobias Kaufmann ◽  
Dani Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Older Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brain Age

scholarly journals Variation in VKORC1 Is Associated with Vascular Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1329-1337
Author(s):  
Jure Mur ◽  
Daniel L. McCartney ◽  
Daniel I. Chasman ◽  
Peter M. Visscher ◽  
Graciela Muniz-Terrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Warfarin Dose ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The genetic variant rs9923231 (VKORC1) is associated with differences in the coagulation of blood and consequentially with sensitivity to the drug warfarin. Variation in VKORC1 has been linked in a gene-based test to dementia/Alzheimer’s disease in the parents of participants, with suggestive evidence for an association for rs9923231 (p = 1.8×10–7), which was included in the genome-wide significant KAT8 locus. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate whether the relationship between rs9923231 and dementia persists only for certain dementia sub-types, and if those taking warfarin are at greater risk. Methods: We used logistic regression and data from 238,195 participants from UK Biobank to examine the relationship between VKORC1, risk of dementia, and the interplay with warfarin use. Results: Parental history of dementia, APOE variant, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia all had strong associations with vascular dementia (p < 4.6×10–6). The T-allele in rs9923231 was linked to a lower warfarin dose (βperT - allele = –0.29, p < 2×10–16) and risk of vascular dementia (OR = 1.17, p = 0.010), but not other dementia sub-types. However, the risk of vascular dementia was not affected by warfarin use in carriers of the T-allele. Conclusion: Our study reports for the first time an association between rs9923231 and vascular dementia, but further research is warranted to explore potential mechanisms and specify the relationship between rs9923231 and features of vascular dementia.

scholarly journals Clinical laboratory tests and five-year incidence of major depressive disorder: a prospective cohort study of 433,890 participants from the UK Biobank

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wainberg ◽  
Stefan Kloiber ◽  
Breno Diniz ◽  
Roger S. McIntyre ◽  
Daniel Felsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
The Uk

AbstractPrevention of major depressive disorder (MDD) is a public health priority. Identifying biomarkers of underlying biological processes that contribute to MDD onset may help address this public health need. This prospective cohort study encompassed 383,131 white British participants from the UK Biobank with no prior history of MDD, with replication in 50,759 participants of other ancestries. Leveraging linked inpatient and primary care records, we computed adjusted odds ratios for 5-year MDD incidence among individuals with values below or above the 95% confidence interval (<2.5th or >97.5th percentile) on each of 57 laboratory measures. Sensitivity analyses were performed across multiple percentile thresholds and in comparison to established reference ranges. We found that indicators of liver dysfunction were associated with increased 5-year MDD incidence (even after correction for alcohol use and body mass index): elevated alanine aminotransferase (AOR = 1.35, 95% confidence interval [1.16, 1.58]), aspartate aminotransferase (AOR = 1.39 [1.19, 1.62]), and gamma glutamyltransferase (AOR = 1.52 [1.31, 1.76]) as well as low albumin (AOR = 1.28 [1.09, 1.50]). Similar observations were made with respect to endocrine dysregulation, specifically low insulin-like growth factor 1 (AOR = 1.34 [1.16, 1.55]), low testosterone among males (AOR = 1.60 [1.27, 2.00]), and elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C; AOR = 1.23 [1.05, 1.43]). Markers of renal impairment (i.e. elevated cystatin C, phosphate, and urea) and indicators of anemia and macrocytosis (i.e. red blood cell enlargement) were also associated with MDD incidence. While some immune markers, like elevated white blood cell and neutrophil count, were associated with MDD (AOR = 1.23 [1.07, 1.42]), others, like elevated C-reactive protein, were not (AOR = 1.04 [0.89, 1.22]). The 30 significant associations validated as a group in the multi-ancestry replication cohort (Wilcoxon p = 0.0005), with a median AOR of 1.235. Importantly, all 30 significant associations with extreme laboratory test results were directionally consistent with an increased MDD risk. In sum, markers of liver and kidney dysfunction, growth hormone and testosterone deficiency, innate immunity, anemia, macrocytosis, and insulin resistance were associated with MDD incidence in a large community-based cohort. Our results support a contributory role of diverse biological processes to MDD onset.

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