scholarly journals Sleep‐spindle frequency: Overnight dynamics, afternoon nap effects, and possible circadian modulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Bódizs ◽  
Csenge G. Horváth ◽  
Orsolya Szalárdy ◽  
Péter P. Ujma ◽  
Péter Simor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Spindle

scholarly journals Sleep Spindle Detection Using RUSBoost and Synchrosqueezed Wavelet Transform

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Kinoshita ◽  
Koichi Fujiwara ◽  
Manabu Kano ◽  
Keiko Ogawa ◽  
Yukiyoshi Sumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Sleep Spindle ◽  
Synchrosqueezed Wavelet Transform

072 Sleep Spindle Harmonics in Insomnia

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A29-A30
Author(s):  
Michael Goldstein ◽  
Monika Haack ◽  
Janet Mullington
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Power ◽  
Nrem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Spindle ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Insomnia Disorder ◽  
Spectral Peaks ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Thalamic Relay Nuclei ◽  
Restorative Sleep

Abstract Introduction Prior research has reported NREM spectral EEG differences between individuals with insomnia and good-sleeper controls, including elevated high-frequency EEG power (beta/gamma bands, ~16-50Hz) and, to a lesser extent, elevations in sleep spindle parameters. However, the mechanisms driving these differences remain unclear. Harmonics have been observed in EEG data as spectral peaks at multiples of a fundamental frequency associated with an event (e.g., for a 14Hz spindle, the 2nd harmonic is expected to be a peak at 28Hz). Thus far, there has been very limited application of this idea of spectral harmonics to sleep spindles, even though these patterns can indeed be seen in some existing literature. We sought to build on this literature to apply spectral harmonic analysis to better understand differences between insomnia and good sleepers. Methods 15 individuals with insomnia disorder (DSM-5 criteria, 13 female, age 18–32 years) and 15 good-sleeper controls (matched for sex, age, and BMI) completed an overnight polysomnography recording in the laboratory and subsequent daytime testing. Insomnia diagnosis was determined by a board-certified sleep specialist, and exclusion criteria included psychiatric history within past 6 months, other sleep disorders, significant medical conditions, and medications with significant effects on inflammation, autonomic function, or other psychotropic effects. Results Consistent with prior studies, we found elevated sleep spindle density and fast sigma power (14-16Hz). Despite no difference in beta or gamma band power when averaged across NREM sleep, time-frequency analysis centered on the peaks of detected spindles revealed a phasic elevation in spectral power surrounding the 28Hz harmonic peak in the insomnia group, especially for spindles coupled with slow waves. We also observed an overall pattern of time-locked delay in the 28Hz harmonic peak, occurring approximately 40 msec after spindle peaks. Furthermore, we observed a 42Hz ‘3rd harmonic’ peak, not yet predicted by the existing modeling work, which was also elevated for insomnia. Conclusion In conjunction with existing mathematical modeling work that has linked sleep spindle harmonic peaks with thalamic relay nuclei as the primary generators of this EEG signature, these findings may enable novel insights into specific thalamocortical mechanisms of insomnia and non-restorative sleep. Support (if any) NIH 5T32HL007901-22

Pharmacologically Increasing Sleep Spindles Enhances Recognition for Negative and High-arousal Memories

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1597-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Kaestner ◽  
John T. Wixted ◽  
Sara C. Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Memory Consolidation ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Sleep Spindles ◽  
Sleep Spindle ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Valence And Arousal

Sleep affects declarative memory for emotional stimuli differently than it affects declarative memory for nonemotional stimuli. However, the interaction between specific sleep characteristics and emotional memory is not well understood. Recent studies on how sleep affects emotional memory have focused on rapid eye movement sleep (REM) but have not addressed non-REM sleep, particularly sleep spindles. This is despite the fact that sleep spindles are implicated in declarative memory as well as neural models of memory consolidation (e.g., hippocampal neural replay). Additionally, many studies examine a limited range of emotional stimuli and fail to disentangle differences in memory performance because of variance in valence and arousal. Here, we experimentally increase non-REM sleep features, sleep spindle density, and SWS, with pharmacological interventions using zolpidem (Ambien) and sodium oxybate (Xyrem) during daytime naps. We use a full spread of emotional stimuli to test all levels of valence and arousal. We find that increasing sleep spindle density increases memory discrimination (da) for highly arousing and negative stimuli without altering measures of bias (ca). These results indicate a broader role for sleep in the processing of emotional stimuli with differing effects based on arousal and valence, and they raise the possibility that sleep spindles causally facilitate emotional memory consolidation. These findings are discussed in terms of the known use of hypnotics in individuals with emotional mood disorders.

Increase of sleep spindle density induced by rTMS for major depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-456
Author(s):  
T. Izuno ◽  
T. Saeki ◽  
N. Hirai ◽  
M. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Sleep Spindle

scholarly journals Higher sleep spindle activity is associated with fewer false memories in adolescent girls

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa Kuula ◽  
Jakke Tamminen ◽  
Tommi Makkonen ◽  
Ilona Merikanto ◽  
Katri Räikkönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Sleep Spindle ◽  
Spindle Activity

scholarly journals Sleep spindle characteristics and sleep architecture are associated with learning of executive functions in school‐age children

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marije C. M. Vermeulen ◽  
Kristiaan B. Van der Heijden ◽  
Hanna Swaab ◽  
Eus J. W. Van Someren
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Sleep Architecture ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Sleep Spindle
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