scholarly journals Evolutionary history and underlying adaptation of alpine plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Quan LIU ◽  
Yuan-Wen DUAN ◽  
Gang HAO ◽  
Xue-Jun GE ◽  
Hang SUN
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Evolutionary history of Purple cone spruce (Picea purpurea) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: homoploid hybrid origin and Pleistocene expansion

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongshuai Sun ◽  
Richard J. Abbott ◽  
Lili Li ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Jiabin Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
History Of ◽  
Homoploid Hybrid ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Evolutionary history of two rare endemic conifer species from the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jibin Miao ◽  
Perla Farhat ◽  
Wentao Wang ◽  
Markus Ruhsam ◽  
Richard Milne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Interspecific Gene Flow ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

Abstract Background and Aims Understanding the population genetics and evolutionary history of endangered species is urgently needed in an era of accelerated biodiversity loss. This knowledge is most important for regions with high endemism that are ecologically vulnerable, such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Methods The genetic variation of 84 juniper trees from six populations of Juniperus microsperma and one population of Juniperus erectopatens, two narrow endemic junipers from the QTP that are sister to each other, was surveyed using RNA-seq data. Coalescent-based analyses were used to test speciation, migration, and demographic scenarios. Furthermore, positively selected and climate-associated genes were identified, and the genetic load was assessed for both species. Key Results Analyses of 149,052 single nucleotide polymorphisms showed that the two species are well-differentiated and monophyletic. They diverged around the late Pliocene, but interspecific gene flow continued until the Last Glacial Maximum. Demographic reconstruction by Stairway Plot detected two severe bottlenecks for J. microsperma and only one bottleneck for J. erectopatens. The identified positive selected genes and climate-associated genes revealed habitat adaptation of the two species. Furthermore, although J. microsperma had a much wider geographical distribution than J. erectopatens, the former possesses lower genetic diversity and a higher genetic load than the latter. Conclusions This study sheds light on the evolution of two endemic juniper species from the QTP and their responses to Quaternary climate fluctuations. Our findings emphasize the importance of speciation and demographic history reconstructions in the understanding of the current distribution pattern and genetic diversity of threatened species in mountainous regions.

Legacy effect of warming on the heterotrophic respiration of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 104093
Author(s):  
Fei Peng ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Chimin Lai ◽  
Chengyang Li ◽  
Quangang You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Respiration ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Legacy Effect ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

scholarly journals Demographic history and genomic response to environmental changes in a rapid radiation of wild rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyan Ge ◽  
Anderson Feijó ◽  
Zhixin Wen ◽  
Alexei V Abramov ◽  
Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Rapid Radiation ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Wild Rats ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Genomic Response

Abstract For organisms to survive and prosper in a harsh environment, particularly under rapid climate change, poses tremendous challenges. Recent studies have highlighted the continued loss of megafauna in terrestrial ecosystems and the subsequent surge of small mammals, such as rodents, bats, lagomorphs, and insectivores. However, the ecological partitioning of these animals will likely lead to large variation in their responses to environmental change. In the present study, we investigated the evolutionary history and genetic adaptations of white-bellied rats (Niviventer Marshall, 1976), which are widespread in the natural terrestrial ecosystems in Asia but also known as important zoonotic pathogen vectors and transmitters. The southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QHTP) was inferred as the origin center of this genus, with parallel diversification in temperate and tropical niches. Demographic history analyses from mitochondrial and nuclear sequences of Niviventer demonstrated population size increases and range expansion for species in Southeast Asia, and habitat generalists elsewhere. Unexpectedly, population increases were seen in N. eha, which inhabits the highest elevation among Niviventer species. Genome scans of nuclear exons revealed that among the congeneric species, N. eha has the largest number of positively selected genes. Protein functions of these genes are mainly related to olfaction, taste and tumor suppression. Extensive genetic modification presents a major strategy in response to global changes in these alpine species.

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