scholarly journals Evolution and function of MADS-box genes involved in orchid floral development

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Chieh TSAI ◽  
Zhao-Jun PAN ◽  
Yu-Yun HSIAO ◽  
Li-Jun CHEN ◽  
Zhong-Jian LIU
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
And Function

Characterization, expression and function of DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-BOX genes from leafy spurge

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Horvath ◽  
Sibum Sung ◽  
Donghwan Kim ◽  
Wun Chao ◽  
James Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals MADS-box genes are involved in floral development and evolution.

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Saedler ◽  
A Becker ◽  
K U Winter ◽  
C Kirchner ◽  
G Theissen
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Organ Identity ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

MADS-box genes encode transcription factors in all eukaryotic organisms thus far studied. Plant MADS-box proteins contain a DNA-binding (M), an intervening (I), a Keratin-like (K) and a C-terminal C-domain, thus plant MADS-box proteins are of the MIKC type. In higher plants most of the well-characterized genes are involved in floral development. They control the transition from vegetative to generative growth and determine inflorescence meristem identity. They specify floral organ identity as outlined in the ABC model of floral development. Moreover, in Antirrhinum majus the MADS-box gene products DEF/GLO and PLE control cell proliferation in the developing flower bud. In this species the DEF/GLO and the SQUA proteins form a ternary complex which determines the overall "Bauplan" of the flower. Phylogenetic reconstructions of MADS-box sequences obtained from ferns, gymnosperms and higher eudicots reveal that, although ferns possess already MIKC type genes, these are not orthologous to the well characterized MADS-box genes from gymnosperms or angiosperms. Putative orthologs of floral homeotic B- and C-function genes have been identified in different gymnosperms suggesting that these genes evolved some 300-400 million years ago. Both gymnosperms and angiosperms also contain a hitherto unknown sister clade of the B-genes, which we termed Bsister. A novel hypothesis will be described suggesting that B and Bsister might be involved in sex determination of male and female reproductive organs, respectively.

scholarly journals Interactions Between SQUAMOSA and SVP MADS-box Proteins Regulate Meristem Transitions During Wheat Spike Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Li ◽  
Juan M. Debernardi ◽  
Chengxia Li ◽  
Huiqiong Lin ◽  
Chaozhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Genetic Interactions ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Spike Development ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Wheat Spike

ABSTRACTA better understanding of spike development can contribute to improving wheat productivity. MADS-box genes VRN1 and FUL2 (SQUAMOSA-clade) play critical and redundant roles in wheat spike and spikelet development, where they act as repressors of MADS-box genes of the SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP) clade (VRT2, SVP1 and SVP3). Here, we show that wheat vrt2 svp1 mutants are late flowering, have shorter stems, increased number of spikelets per spike and unusual axillary inflorescences in nodes of the elongating stem. Constitutive expression of VRT2 resulted in leafy glumes and lemmas, reversion of basal spikelets to spikes, and down-regulation of MADS-genes involved in floral development. Moreover, constitutive expression of VRT2 enhanced spikelet defects of ful2, whereas vrt2 reduced vegetative characteristics in the spikelets of vrn1 ful2 mutants heterozygous for VRN-A1. These SVP-SQUAMOSA genetic interactions were paralleled by physical interactions among their encoded proteins. SVP proteins were able to reduce SQUAMOSA-SEPALLATA interactions in yeast-three-hybrid experiments. We propose that SQUAMOSA-SVP complexes act during the early reproductive phase to promote heading, formation of the terminal spikelet, and stem elongation, but that down-regulation of SVP genes is then necessary for the formation of SQUAMOSA-SEPALLATA complexes that are required for normal spikelet and floral development.

scholarly journals Dissecting the role of MADS-box genes in monocot floral development and diversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2435-2459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Callens ◽  
Matthew R Tucker ◽  
Dabing Zhang ◽  
Zoe A Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes

scholarly journals Duplication and Diversification in the APETALA1/FRUITFULL Floral Homeotic Gene Lineage: Implications for the Evolution of Floral Development

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 165 (2) ◽  
pp. 821-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Litt ◽  
Vivian F Irish
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Core Eudicots ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Angiosperm Species

Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of angiosperm MADS-box genes suggest that this gene family has undergone multiple duplication events followed by sequence divergence. To determine when such events have taken place and to understand the relationships of particular MADS-box gene lineages, we have identified APETALA1/FRUITFULL-like MADS-box genes from a variety of angiosperm species. Our phylogenetic analyses show two gene clades within the core eudicots, euAP1 (including Arabidopsis APETALA1 and Antirrhinum SQUAMOSA) and euFUL (including Arabidopsis FRUITFULL). Non-core eudicot species have only sequences similar to euFUL genes (FUL-like). The predicted protein products of euFUL and FUL-like genes share a conserved C-terminal motif. In contrast, predicted products of members of the euAP1 gene clade contain a different C terminus that includes an acidic transcription activation domain and a farnesylation signal. Sequence analyses indicate that the euAP1 amino acid motifs may have arisen via a translational frameshift from the euFUL/FUL-like motif. The euAP1 gene clade includes key regulators of floral development that have been implicated in the specification of perianth identity. However, the presence of euAP1 genes only in core eudicots suggests that there may have been changes in mechanisms of floral development that are correlated with the fixation of floral structure seen in this clade.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of the MADS-Box Gene Family in Maize: Gene Structure, Evolution, and Relationships

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1956
Author(s):  
Da Zhao ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Lei Xu ◽  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
Quan Zou
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Structure Evolution ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Mads Box Gene

The MADS-box gene family is one of the largest families in plants and plays an important roles in floral development. The MADS-box family includes the SRF-like domain and K-box domain. It is considered that the MADS-box gene family encodes a DNA-binding domain that is generally related to transcription factors, and plays important roles in regulating floral development. Our study identified 211 MADS-box protein sequences in the Zea mays proteome and renamed all the genes based on the gene annotations. All the 211 MADS-box protein sequences were coded by 98 expressed genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the MADS-box genes showed that all the family members were categorized into five subfamilies: MIKC-type, Mα, Mβ, Mγ, and Mδ. Gene duplications are regarded as products of several types of errors during the period of DNA replication and reconstruction; in our study all the 98 MADS-box genes contained 22 pairs of segmentally duplicated events which were distributed on 10 chromosomes. We compared expression data in different tissues from the female spikelet, silk, pericarp aleurone, ear primordium, leaf zone, vegetative meristem, internode, endosperm crown, mature pollen, embryo, root cortex, secondary root, germination kernels, primary root, root elongation zone, and root meristem. According to analysis of gene ontology pathways, we found a total of 41 pathways in which MADS-box genes in maize are involved. All the studies we conducted provided an overview of MADS-box gene family members in maize and showed multiple functions as transcription factors. The related research of MADS-box domains has provided the theoretical basis of MADS-box domains for agricultural applications.

The Roles of MADS-Box Genes During Orchid Floral Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-115
Author(s):  
Jian-Zhi Huang ◽  
Pablo Bolaños-Villegas ◽  
I-Chun Pan ◽  
Fure-Chyi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes

scholarly journals Differentially Expressed Genes between Carrot Petaloid Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer during Floral Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Chenggang Ou ◽  
Shumin Chen ◽  
Qiongwen Cao ◽  
Zhiwei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Nuclear Interaction ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Intrinsic Stress ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cms Line

AbstractPetaloid cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited loss of male fertility due to the complete conversion of stamens into petal-like organs, and CMS lines have been widely utilized in carrot breeding. Petaloid CMS is an ideal model not only for studying the mitochondrial–nuclear interaction but also for discovering genes that are essential for floral organ development. To investigate the comprehensive mechanism of CMS and homeotic organ alternation during carrot flower development, we conducted transcriptome analysis between the petaloid CMS line (P2S) and its maintainer line (P2M) at four flower developmental stages (T1–T4). A total of 2838 genes were found to be differentially expressed, among which 1495 genes were significantly downregulated and 1343 genes were significantly upregulated in the CMS line. Functional analysis showed that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, plant hormone signal transduction, and biosynthesis. A total of 16 MADS-box genes were grouped into class A, B, C, and E, but not class D, genes. Several key genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation showed continuously low expression from stage T2 in P2S, and the expression of DcPI and DcAG-like genes also greatly decreased at stage T2 in P2S. This indicated that energy deficiency might inhibit the expression of B- and C-class MADS-box genes resulting in the conversion of stamens into petals. Stamen petaloidy may act as an intrinsic stress, upregulating the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes and MADS-box genes at stages T3 and T4 in P2S, which results in some fertile revertants. This study will provide a better understanding of carrot petaloid CMS and floral development as a basis for further research.

scholarly journals MADS-box Genes and Floral Development: the Dark Side

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (15) ◽  
pp. 5397-5404 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Heijmans ◽  
P. Morel ◽  
M. Vandenbussche
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes

Molecular Cloning and Function Analysis of Two SQUAMOSA -Like MADS-Box Genes From Gossypium hirsutum L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 597-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Zhang ◽  
Shuli Fan ◽  
Chaoyou Pang ◽  
Hengling Wei ◽  
Jianhui Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Mads Box ◽  
Mads Box Genes ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
And Function
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