A mesocosm study on kelp ( Macrocystis pyrifera )–epiphytic bacteria interactions: Importance of nitrogen availability and kelp genetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
July Z. Florez ◽  
Carolina Camus ◽  
Martha B. Hengst ◽  
Alejandro H. Buschmann
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Epiphytic Bacteria

Mechanisms leading to recruitment inhibition of giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera by an understory alga

2021 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
BA Beckley ◽  
MS Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Kelp Forest ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Giant Kelp ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Survival And Growth

The forest-forming giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera and the communities it supports have been decreasing across their native ranges in many parts of the world. The sudden removal of giant kelp canopies by storms increases space and light for the colonization by understory macroalgae, such as Desmarestia herbacea, which can inhibit M. pyrifera recovery and alter local community composition. Understanding the mechanisms by which algae such as D. herbacea interact with M. pyrifera can provide insight into patterns of kelp forest recovery following these disturbances and can aid in predicting future community structure. This study experimentally tested the independent and combined effects of two likely competitive mechanisms by which D. herbacea might inhibit recovery of M. pyrifera in the Point Loma kelp forest in San Diego, California (USA). Specifically, we conducted field experiments to study the individual and combined effects of shade and scour by D. herbacea on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages, and the recruitment, survival, and growth of its young sporophytes. Our results show that scour had the strongest negative effect on the survival of M. pyrifera microscopic life stages and recruitment, but shade and scour both adversely affected survival and growth of these sporophytes as they grew larger. Canopy-removing storms are increasing in frequency and intensity, and this change could facilitate the rise of understory species, like D. herbacea, which might alter community succession and recovery of kelp forests.

LABILE NITROGEN AVAILABILITY IN SOIL INFLUENCES THE EXPRESSION OF WOOD PATTERN IN KARELIAN BIRCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1598-1609
Author(s):  
N. A. Galibina ◽  
L. L. Novitskaya ◽  
K. M. Nikerova ◽  
E. V. Moshkina ◽  
Yu. L. Moshchenskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Karelian Birch

Soil moisture, temperature and nitrogen availability interactively regulate carbon exchange in a meadow steppe ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 108389
Author(s):  
Muqier Hasi ◽  
Xueyao Zhang ◽  
Guoxiang Niu ◽  
Yinliu Wang ◽  
Qianqian Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Carbon Exchange ◽  
Meadow Steppe ◽  
Steppe Ecosystem

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Brown Seaweed (Macrocystis pyrifera) Additive on Meat Quality and Nutrient Composition of Fattening Pigs

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Nancy Jerez-Timaure ◽  
Melissa Sánchez-Hidalgo ◽  
Rubén Pulido ◽  
Jonathan Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Nutrient Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Regular Diet ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Fattening Pigs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary brown seaweed (Macrocystis pyrifera) additive (SWA) on meat quality and nutrient composition of commercial fattening pigs. The treatments were: Regular diet with 0% inclusion of SWA (CON); Regular diet with 2% SWA (2%-SWA); Regular diet with 4% SWA (4%-SWA). After slaughtering, five carcasses from each group were selected, and longissimus lumborum (LL) samples were taken for meat quality and chemical composition analysis. Meat quality traits (except redness intensity) were not affected (p > 0.05) by treatments. Samples from the 4%-SWA treatment showed the lowest a value than those from the 2%-SWA and CON treatments (p = 0.05). Meat samples from the 4%-SWA group contained 3.37 and 3.81 mg/100 g more of muscle cholesterol than CON and 2% SWA groups, respectively (p < 0.05). The SWA treatments affected (p ≤ 0.05) the content of ash, Mn, Fe, and Cu. The LL samples from 4%-SWA had the highest content of ash; however, they showed 0.13, 0.45, and 0.23 less mg/100 g of Mn, Fe, and Zn, respectively, compared to samples from CON (p ≤ 0.05). Fatty acids composition and macro minerals content (Na, Mg, and K) did not show variation due to the SWA treatments. Further studies are needed to understand the biological effects of these components on adipogenesis, cholesterol metabolism, and mineral deposition in muscle.

Light factors and nitrogen availability to enhance biomass and C-phycocyanin productivity of Thermosynechococcus sp. CL-1

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 107899
Author(s):  
Soi Keong Hoi ◽  
Birgitta Narindri Rara Winayu ◽  
Hsin Ta Hsueh ◽  
Hsin Chu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability

The oxylipin messenger 1‐octen‐3‐ol induced rapid responses in kelp Macrocystis pyrifera

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Yitao Wang ◽  
Dong Xu ◽  
Xiao Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Rapid Responses

scholarly journals Effect of environmental history on the habitat-forming kelp Macrocystis pyrifera responses to ocean acidification and warming: a physiological and molecular approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela A. Fernández ◽  
Jorge M. Navarro ◽  
Carolina Camus ◽  
Rodrigo Torres ◽  
Alejandro H. Buschmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Macrocystis Pyrifera ◽  
Natural Variability ◽  
Kelp Forests ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments

AbstractThe capacity of marine organisms to adapt and/or acclimate to climate change might differ among distinct populations, depending on their local environmental history and phenotypic plasticity. Kelp forests create some of the most productive habitats in the world, but globally, many populations have been negatively impacted by multiple anthropogenic stressors. Here, we compare the physiological and molecular responses to ocean acidification (OA) and warming (OW) of two populations of the giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera from distinct upwelling conditions (weak vs strong). Using laboratory mesocosm experiments, we found that juvenile Macrocystis sporophyte responses to OW and OA did not differ among populations: elevated temperature reduced growth while OA had no effect on growth and photosynthesis. However, we observed higher growth rates and NO3− assimilation, and enhanced expression of metabolic-genes involved in the NO3− and CO2 assimilation in individuals from the strong upwelling site. Our results suggest that despite no inter-population differences in response to OA and OW, intrinsic differences among populations might be related to their natural variability in CO2, NO3− and seawater temperatures driven by coastal upwelling. Further work including additional populations and fluctuating climate change conditions rather than static values are needed to precisely determine how natural variability in environmental conditions might influence a species’ response to climate change.

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