Milk urea nitrogen concentration is higher in Brown Swiss than in Holstein dairy cows despite identical feeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1671-1677
Author(s):  
Evelyne C. Kessler ◽  
Rupert M. Bruckmaier ◽  
Josef J. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

Milk urea-nitrogen negatively affected first-service breeding success in commercial dairy cows in Prince Edward Island, Canada

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Arunvipas ◽  
J.A. VanLeeuwen ◽  
I.R. Dohoo ◽  
E.R. Leger ◽  
G.P. Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Breeding Success ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

319 Predicting Urinary Nitrogen Excretion from Milk Urea Nitrogen of Fresh Forage or Total Mixed Ration Fed Dairy Cows: A Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 171-171
Author(s):  
Matthew R Beck ◽  
Cameron Marshall ◽  
Konagh Garrett ◽  
Andrew P Foote ◽  
Ronaldo Vibart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

Abstract Urine nitrogen excretion (g/d; UN) represent a significant environmental impact for both confinement feeding and pastoral based dairy systems. It is difficult to measure UN directly due to animal handling and labor requirements, especially in forage based production systems. The currently available milk urea nitrogen (MUN) equations have been shown to overestimate UN excretion of grazing dairy cows compared with an equation using urinary creatinine and UN concentration, indicating that diet may alter the relationship between MUN and UN. This potential was explored using data retrieved (treatment means: n = 69 and 27 for fresh forage [FF] and total mixed ration [TMR] fed cattle, respectively) from the literature and new data obtained from dairy cows fed FF (n = 15) in metabolism crates was used to test the new equations. The TMR data from literature was further split into a training set (to develop the model; n = 53) and a test set (to validate the model; n = 16). There was an interaction for diet type (P < 0.01) where UN (g/d) = 0.023 × MUN (mg/dL) × live-weight (kg, LW) for TMR fed cattle, (similar to a pre-established equation); however, UN (g/d) = 0.015 × MUN × LW for FF fed cattle. For FF based equations, the New MUN equation and the creatinine equation showed good precision and accuracy (Lin’s CCC = 0.79 and 0.74, respectively) and adequate predictive ability (RMSEP = 29.8 and 35.9, respectively). The new MUN equation for TMR fed cattle showed excellent accuracy and precision (Lin’s CCC = 0.87) with good predictive ability (RMSEP = 24.3) for UN excretion (observed mean = 216.5 g/d). The new equations generated during this meta-analysis provide promising predictive ability of UN excretion, which can be used for management considerations, future research, and policy making.

scholarly journals Animal as the Solution: Searching for Environmentally Friendly Dairy Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10451
Author(s):  
Cameron J. Marshall ◽  
Pablo Gregorini
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen

There is increasing societal concern surrounding the environmental externalities generated from ruminant production systems. Traditional responses to address these externalities have often been system-based. While these approaches have had promising results, they have served to view the animal as a problem that needs solving, rather than as a potential solution. This review attempts to answer the question: can we breed animals that are more environmentally friendly to address environmental outcomes and satisfy consumer demand? This was done by exploring the literature of examples where animals have been specifically bred to reduce their environmental impact. The use of milk urea nitrogen breeding values has been demonstrated as a tool allowing for selective breeding of dairy cows to reduce nitrogen losses. Low milk urea nitrogen breeding values have been documented to result in reduced urinary nitrogen concentrations per urination event, which ultimately reduces the level of nitrogen that will be lost from the system. The ability to breed for low methane emissions has also shown positive results, with several studies demonstrating the heritability and subsequent reductions in methane emissions via selective breeding programs. Several avenues also exist where animals can be selectively bred to increase the nutrient density of their final product, and thus help to address the growing demand for nutrient-dense food for a growing human population. Animal-based solutions are permanent, cumulative, and often more cost-effective than system-based approaches. With continuing research and interest in breeding for more positive environmental outcomes, the animal can now start to be viewed as a potential solution to many of the issues faced by ruminant production systems, rather than simply being seen as a problem.

scholarly journals Milk Urea Nitrogen Concentration: Heritability and Genetic Correlations with Reproductive Performance and Disease

2005 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 4434-4440 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.G. Mitchell ◽  
G.W. Rogers ◽  
C.D. Dechow ◽  
J.E. Vallimont ◽  
J.B. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Milk Urea Nitrogen
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