scholarly journals Reaching for the Stars: When Does Basic Research Collaboration between Firms and Academic Star Scientists Benefit Firm Invention Performance?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linde Colen ◽  
René Belderbos ◽  
Stijn Kelchtermans ◽  
Bart Leten
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Star Scientists

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary collaboration among young specialists: results of an international survey by the emerging EULAR network and other young organisations

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e001398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélie Najm ◽  
Marie Kostine ◽  
John D Pauling ◽  
Ana Carina Ferreira ◽  
Kate Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Multidisciplinary Collaboration ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Complex Patients ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meetings

BackgroundMultidisciplinary collaboration is defined as a collective work involving multiple disciplines and is common in clinical care and research. Our aim was to describe current clinical and research collaboration among young specialists and to identify unmet needs in this area.MethodsAn online survey was disseminated by email and social media to members of the EMerging EUlar NETwork, the Young Nephrologists’ Platform, the Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Emerging Rheumatologists and Researchers and the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Junior Members.ResultsOf 303 respondents from 36 countries, 61% were female, 21% were aged below 30 years and 67% were aged 31–40 years. Young rheumatologists were the most represented (39%), followed by young nephrologists (24%), young paediatricians (20%), young allergologists (11%) then young internists (3%) and 3% other specialities. Collaborations were reported frequently by phone and email, also by various combined clinics while common local multidisciplinary meetings were uncommon. 96% would like to develop clinical research collaborations and 69% basic research collaborations. The majority of young specialists would be interested in online (84%) and/or 1–2 days (85%) common courses including case discussion (81%) and training workshops (85%), as well as webinars recorded with several specialists on a specific disease (96%).ConclusionsThis collaborative initiative highlighted wishes from young specialists for developing (1) regular local multidisciplinary meetings to discuss complex patients, (2) clinical research collaboration with combined grants and (3) multidisciplinary online projects such as common courses, webinars and apps.

scholarly journals Whither geographic proximity? Bypassing local R&D units in foreign university collaboration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Belderbos ◽  
Marcelina Grabowska ◽  
Stijn Kelchtermans ◽  
Bart Leten ◽  
Jojo Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Theory Of The Firm ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Knowledge Diversity ◽  
Rival Firms ◽  
Foreign Universities ◽  
Research Domain

AbstractMNCs often engage in international research collaborations with foreign universities through one of their central R&D laboratories (at headquarters or elsewhere) even though they operate a local R&D unit close to that university, and hence forego the benefits of geographic proximity and local collaboration. Drawing on the knowledge-based theory of the firm, we hypothesize that the choice between distant and local collaboration systematically relates to the knowledge capabilities of the firms’ R&D units, the characteristics of the focal knowledge, and local knowledge leakage risks. Analysis of close to 13,000 research collaborations with foreign universities by the world’s major biopharmaceutical firms (1995–2015) confirms that collaboration at distance occurs if this allows the firm to benefit from scale and knowledge diversity advantages, if the central unit has strong basic research capabilities, and if collaboration is in a core research domain of the MNC while rival firms are locally present. Maturity of the focal research domain is associated with local collaboration. Our findings qualify the common arguments in favor of collaboration in proximity and suggest that (distant) central R&D units are important orchestrators of research collaboration with universities around the globe.

Absorptive Capacity in R&D Joint Ventures When Basic Research Is Costly

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Frascatore
Keyword(s):  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Firm Behavior ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lower Production

Abstract ``Absorptive capacity" – a firm's ability to assimilate information acquired from other firms – can depend on the amount of basic research it conducts. The optimal expenditures on basic research depend on its costs, and these expenditures in turn affect the amount of applied research a firm conducts to lower production costs. This paper shows that firms' expenditures on basic research can differ from the socially optimal levels, and the difference depends on the magnitude of the basic research costs and the amount of research collaboration between the firms. Policy responses that could bring firm behavior in line with that which is socially desirable are discussed as well.

Faculty Entrepreneurs

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-243
Author(s):  
Branson W. Murrill
Keyword(s):  
Professional Growth ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Vital Function ◽  
Real World Learning ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Entrepreneurial Efforts

Universities perform a vital function in our society, training the workers and leaders of tomorrow, and also performing the basic research necessary for success in a global economy. However, recent years have found universities facing dwindling support from external sources and criticism that graduates are sometimes inadequately prepared for the workforce. The author suggests that entrepreneurial efforts by faculty and stronger ties between industry and academia can both be effective in addressing these problems. The biomedical sciences have made progress in this direction, and their success can be copied by other disciplines. There are many possible relationships that can be established between universities and companies, including research collaboration, consulting, and software development services. Universities also need to be more proactive in supporting the formation of companies by faculty to exploit new discoveries commercially. This would speed the transfer of new technology to our economy, provide a source of revenue for both faculty and university, and provide opportunities for real-world learning for students and professional growth for faculty.

A New 1,000 kV Electron Microscope

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
M. Nishigaki ◽  
S. Katagiri ◽  
H. Kimura ◽  
B. Tadano
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Chromatic Aberration ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Biological Specimen ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron

The high voltage electron microscope has many advantageous features in comparison with the ordinary electron microscope. They are a higher penetrating efficiency of the electron, low chromatic aberration, high accuracy of the selected area diffraction and so on. Thus, the high voltage electron microscope becomes an indispensable instrument for the metallurgical, polymer and biological specimen studies. The application of the instrument involves today not only basic research but routine survey in the various fields. Particularly for the latter purpose, the performance, maintenance and reliability of the microscope should be same as those of commercial ones. The authors completed a 500 kV electron microscope in 1964 and a 1,000 kV one in 1966 taking these points into consideration. The construction of our 1,000 kV electron microscope is described below.

An emerging technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
M.J. Hennessy ◽  
E. Kwok
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Nmr Microscopy ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Temperature Relaxation ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Much progress in nuclear magnetic resonance microscope has been made in the last few years as a result of improved instrumentation and techniques being made available through basic research in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies for medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was first observed in the hydrogen nucleus in water by Bloch, Purcell and Pound over 40 years ago. Today, in medicine, virtually all commercial MRI scans are made of water bound in tissue. This is also true for NMR microscopy, which has focussed mainly on biological applications. The reason water is the favored molecule for NMR is because water is,the most abundant molecule in biology. It is also the most NMR sensitive having the largest nuclear magnetic moment and having reasonable room temperature relaxation times (from 10 ms to 3 sec). The contrast seen in magnetic resonance images is due mostly to distribution of water relaxation times in sample which are extremely sensitive to the local environment.

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV: developing integration of healthcare programmes with clinical, social and basic research studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348
Author(s):  
Menu E ◽  
Scarlatti G ◽  
Barré-Sinoussi F ◽  
Gray G ◽  
Bollinger B ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Research Studies

The Multiple Faces of Risk-Taking

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Schmitz ◽  
Karsten Manske ◽  
Franzis Preckel ◽  
Oliver Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Formal Models ◽  
Experimental Paradigm ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Parameter Recovery ◽  
Task Specificity ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Criterion Variables

Abstract. The Balloon-Analogue Risk Task (BART; Lejuez et al., 2002 ) is one of the most popular behavioral tasks suggested to assess risk-taking in the laboratory. Previous research has shown that the conventionally computed score is predictive, but neglects available information in the data. We suggest a number of alternative scores that are motivated by theories of risk-taking and that exploit more of the available data. These scores can be grouped around (1) risk-taking, (2) task performance, (3) impulsive decision making, and (4) reinforcement sequence modulation. Their theoretical rationale is detailed and their validity is tested within the nomological network of risk-taking, deviance, and scholastic achievement. Two multivariate studies were conducted with youths (n = 435) and with adolescents/young adults (n = 316). Additionally, we tested formal models suggested for the BART that decompose observed behavior into a set of meaningful parameters. A simulation study with parameter recovery was conducted, and the data from the two studies were reanalyzed using the models. Most scores were reliable and differentially predictive of criterion variables and may be used in basic research. However, task specificity and the generally moderate validity do not warrant use of the experimental paradigm for diagnostic purposes.

NIMH and Basic Research

1972 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-147
Author(s):  
THOMAS S. HYDE
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research

The Basis of Basic Research

1960 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 300-301
Author(s):  
WALTER A. ROSENBLITH
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research
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