Effects of a foliar fertilizer containing boron on the development of Sclerotinia stem rot ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) on canola ( Brassica napus L.) leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 168 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ni ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer

scholarly journals Detection of Sclerotinia Stem Rot on Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Leaves Using Hyperspectral Imaging

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Kong ◽  
Chu Zhang ◽  
Feng Cao ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Shaoming Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Brassica Napus L

Lignin composition and timing of cell wall lignification are involved in Brassica napus resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum stem rot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas von Tiedemann ◽  
Birger Koopmann ◽  
Kerstin Hoech
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Plant Defence ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Metabolism ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Cell Wall Modification ◽  
Lignin Deposition

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) is an economically and globally significant disease in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) caused by the necrotrophic ascomycete Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This study explored the role of cell wall reinforcement by lignin as a relevant factor for effective plant defence against attack of this pathogen. Expression of key genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the induced synthesis of lignin in infected stem tissues were investigated in a study comparing a susceptible (Loras) and a moderately resistant cultivar (Zhongyou 821, ZY821). Data revealed an earlier and more rapid defence activation in ZY821 through up-regulation of transcript levels of genes related to key steps in the phenylpropanoid pathway associated with enhanced lignin deposition in the resistant B. napus genotype. Expression level of BnCAD5, encoding a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, responsible for conversion of monolignol to lignin, was more rapidly up-regulated in ZY821 than Loras. The similar expression pattern of BnCAD5 and the gene BnF5H, encoding for the ferulate-5-hydroxylase which catalyses the synthesis of syringyl (S) lignin precursors, suggests that BnCAD5 is involved in the S lignin formation. Histological observations confirmed these results, showing an earlier increase of S lignin deposition in the infected resistant genotype. Deposition of guaiacyl (G) lignin was detected in both genotypes and is thus considered a component of basal, cultivar-independent defence response of B. napus to stem rot. The results indicate the importance of cell wall modification for quantitative stem rot resistance by responses in the phenylpropanoid metabolism generating distinct lignin types on different temporal scales.

scholarly journals First Report of Oilseed Rape Stem Rot Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Greece

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 1473-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Tziros ◽  
G. A. Bardas ◽  
J. T. Tsialtas ◽  
G. S. Karaoglanidis
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
First Report ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) was recently introduced into Greece for the production of biofuels. During May of 2007, symptoms typical of stem rot were observed on oilseed rape plants in three commercial fields in the area of Galatades-Pella, Central Macedonia, Greece. Approximately 30% of the plants were affected. Symptoms began as a chlorotic wilt on the foliage and developed into necrosis of basal stems. In the advanced stages of the disease, stems and branches became bleached and eventually died. White, as well as black, mycelium and irregularly shaped sclerotia (2 to 5 mm in diameter) were produced abundantly on and inside the affected stems. To isolate the pathogen, 20 symptomatic 6-month-old plants were collected from each field. Sclerotia were dipped in 70% ethanol, surface sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, and rinsed in sterile water. Sclerotia placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) were incubated in the dark at 25°C for 10 days. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary was identified on the basis of morphological characteristics (2). To conduct pathogenicity tests, 10 6-week-old oilseed rape plants (cv. Titan) were each inoculated with a 5-mm-diameter colonized PDA disk placed in wounds made in the basal stem with a sterile scalpel. Five control plants were treated similarly except that the agar disk did not contain mycelium. Plants were then covered with a plastic bag to maintain high humidity. After 72 h, the bags were removed and the plants were maintained in a growth chamber at 23 to 25°C with a 12-h photoperiod and 75% relative humidity. Pathogenicity tests were repeated three times. Symptoms identical to those observed in the field developed within 12 days after inoculation; control plants remained healthy. The fungus was reisolated from all inoculated plants, confirming Koch's postulates. S. sclerotiorum has been reported on oilseed rape in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, the United States, and New Zealand (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report of Sclerotinia stem rot of oilseed rape in Greece. References: (1) D. F. Farr et al. Fungal Databases. Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory. Online publication. ARS, USDA, 2008. (2) L. M. Kohn. Phytopathology 69:881, 1979.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Complex Molecular Mechanisms of Brassica napus–Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binjie Xu ◽  
Xi Gong ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Maolong Hu ◽  
Jiefu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Acid Pathway

Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating disease for many important crops worldwide, including Brassica napus. Although numerous studies have been performed on the gene expression changes in B. napus and S. sclerotiorum, knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms of B. napus–S. sclerotiorum interactions is limited. Here, we revealed the changes in the gene expression and related pathways in both B. napus and S. sclerotiorum during the sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) infection process using transcriptome analyses. In total, 1,986, 2,217, and 16,079 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in B. napus at 6, 24, and 48 h post-inoculation, respectively, whereas 1,511, 1,208, and 2,051 DEGs, respectively, were identified in S. sclerotiorum. The gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses showed that most of the hormone-signaling pathways in B. napus were enriched, and thus, the hormone contents at four stages were measured. The DEGs and hormone contents revealed that salicylic acid was activated, while the jasmonic acid pathway was repressed at 24 h post-inoculation. Additionally, the expressional patterns of the cell wall-degrading enzyme-encoding genes in S. sclerotiorum and the hydrolytic enzymes in B. napus were consistent with the SSR infection process. The results contribute to a better understanding of the interactions between B. napus and S. sclerotiorum and the development of future preventive measures against SSR.

Identification of Brassica napus Lines with Partial Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Khot ◽  
V. N. Bilgi ◽  
L. E. del Río ◽  
C. A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Research Studies

A collection of Brassica napus plant introduction (PI) lines was evaluated in a series of research trials to identify lines with resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, causal agent of Sclerotinia stem rot of canola. Five PI lines (169080, 286418, 436554, 458940, and 633119) were identified that consistently had SSR resistance levels equal to or greater than the partially resistant check cultivar Hyola 357. In addition, two of these lines (436554 and 458940) were found to exhibit SSR field resistance levels similar to Hyola 357. The PI lines identified from our research studies could be used in canola breeding programs to develop cultivars with improved resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Accepted for publication 21 February 2011. Published 22 April 2011.

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