Cotton, cowpea and sesame are alternative crops to cucurbits in soils naturally infested with Monosporascus cannonballus

2018 ◽  
Vol 166 (6) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sales Júnior ◽  
Deyse Anne Dias Balbino ◽  
Andréia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros ◽  
Hailton da Silva Barboza ◽  
Erika Valente de Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽  
Alternative Crops

scholarly journals Comportamento de cultivares de meloeiro e melancia inoculados com Acremonium cucurbitacearum e Monosporascus cannonballus

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUI SALES JÚNIOR ◽  
ANTONIO VICENT ◽  
JOSEP ARMENGOL ◽  
JOSÉ GARCÍA-JIMÉNEZ ◽  
RÔMULO F. KOBORI
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Monosporascus Cannonballus

O colapso em cucurbitáceas é uma síndrome complexa na qual podem estar envolvidos numerosos agentes fitopatógenos, sendo bastante freqüente o ataque associado de vários deles. No presente trabalho é apresentado o comportamento de 19 cultivares de meloeiro (Cucumis melo) e duas de melancia (Citrullus lanatus), cultivadas no Brasil, frente a Acremonium cucurbitacearum e Monosporascus cannonballus, dois dos patógenos fúngicos associados a esta síndrome em diversos países. Todas as cultivares de meloiro e melancia mostraram-se susceptíveis a estes patógenos, obtendo-se valores de 2,2 até 4,4 de índice geral de doença (IGD) para as cultivares de melão inoculadas com ambos os fungos e 2,4 até 2,5 para as cultivares de melancia inoculadas com A. cucurbitacearum. As cultivares de melancia mostraram resistência na combinação com M. cannonballus. A conveniência de efetuar estudos com outras cultivares utilizando a metodologia desenvolvida neste trabalho é discutida.

scholarly journals First Report of Monosporascus cannonballus on Melon in Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1068-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. I. Chew-Madinaveitia ◽  
A. Gaytán-Mascorro ◽  
T. Herrera-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Oat Hulls ◽  
Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽  
First Report ◽  
The North ◽  
Root Necrosis ◽  
Vine Decline ◽  
Melon Seeds

In 2009, 2010, and 2011, melon plants (Cucumis melo L.) exhibited vine decline in commercial fields in the Municipality of Viesca, State of Coahuila, in the north-central region of Mexico known as La Comarca Lagunera. Symptoms included wilting, leaf yellowing, and vine collapse prior to harvest. Diseased plants showed necrotic root lesions and loss of secondary and tertiary roots. Numerous perithecia containing asci and ascospores typical of Monosporascus cannonballus Pollack & Uecker (3) were found in the root system. M. cannonballus is a typical fungus of hot semiarid climates such as La Comarca Lagunera in which daytime temperatures above 40°C are frequent during the melon growing season. Small root pieces were disinfected with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min and plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with 0.5 g l–1 streptomycin sulfate and incubated for 7 days at 25°C under dark conditions. The mycelium of the fungus colony was initially white, turning gray about 3 weeks later and yielding black perithecia with one ascospore per asci. The internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA of isolate 4 was sequenced and submitted to GenBank with Accession No. JQ51935. Pathogenicity of this isolate was confirmed on melon plants (cv. Cruiser) in the greenhouse at 25 to 32°C. Fungus inoculum was produced in a sand-oat hull medium (0.5 l of sand, 45 g of oat hulls, and 100 ml of distilled water), and incubated at 25°C for 50 days (1). Melon seeds were sown in sterile sand in 20-cm diameter and 12-cm depth polyurethane containers, and the inoculum was added to produce a concentration of 20 CFU g–1. Sowing was done in five inoculated containers and thinned to two plants per container, each container representing a replication. Plants were also grown in five noninoculated containers that were used as controls. After 50 days under greenhouse conditions, plants were evaluated for disease symptoms. Melon plants inoculated with M. cannonballus exhibited root necrosis as opposed to healthy roots observed in noninoculated plants. M. cannonballus was reisolated from symptomatic plants, confirming Koch's postulates. M. cannonballus causes root rot and vine decline on melon and has been reported in Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Libya, the Netherlands (plants from Russia), Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Taiwan, Tunisia, and the United States. M. cannonballus was reported in 1996 in southeastern Mexico in the State of Colima, where watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum.& Nakai) showed wilting and plant collapse prior to harvest (2). However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of M. cannonballus on melon in Mexico. This is relevant because La Comarca Lagunera region is one of the major melon producing areas in Mexico and M. cannonballus is a pathogen that may cause yield losses of up to 100%. References: (1) B. D. Bruton et al. Plant Dis. 84:907, 2000. (2) R. D. Martyn et al. Plant Dis. 80:1430, 1996. (3) F. G. Pollack and F. A. Uecker. Mycologia 66:346, 1974.

FACTORS AFFECTING SCALE OF ENTERPRISE

1985 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Logan Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Alternative Crops ◽  
New Cultivars

White clover is undersown in the spring with wheat, barley and peas. Irrigation is used in order to achieve a heavy flowering in the white clover crop over one month. Three barley crops must be grown successively in some paddocks to eliminate yarrow. Lupins, peas and soybeans are alternative legumes to white clover, but white clover is still the preferred legume to grow, especially with new cultivars becoming available. Keywords: White clover, Trifolium repens, seed production, yarrow, alternative crops, overseas markets.

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