Case of gamma‐hydroxybutyrate poisoning in an infant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Lee ◽  
Suzanne L Boyce ◽  
Jack Southwell
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate

scholarly journals Longitudinal Event-Level Sexual Risk and Substance Use among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3183
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Sang ◽  
Zishan Cui ◽  
Paul Sereda ◽  
Heather L. Armstrong ◽  
Gbolahan Olarewaju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Condomless Anal Sex ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Negative

(1) Background: Condomless anal sex and substance use are associated with STI risk among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM). Our first study objective was to describe event-level sexual risk and substance use trends among gbMSM. Our second study objective was to describe substances associated with event-level sexual risk. (2) Methods: Data come from the Momentum Health Study in Vancouver, British Columbia and participants were recruited from 2012–2015, with follow-up until 2018. Stratified by self-reported HIV status, we used generalized estimating equations to assess trends of sexual event-level substance use and assessed interactions between substance use and time period on event-level higher risk sex defined as condomless anal sex with an HIV serodifferent or unknown status partner. (3) Results: Event-level higher risk anal sex increased across the study period among HIV-negative/unknown (baseline prevalence: 13% vs. study end prevalence: 29%) and HIV-positive gbMSM (baseline prevalence: 16% vs. study end prevalence: 38%). Among HIV-negative/unknown gbMSM, event-level erectile drug use increased, while alcohol use decreased over the study period. Overall, interactions between substance use and time on higher risk anal sex were not statistically significant, regardless of serostatus. However, we found a number of time-specific significant interactions for erectile drugs, poppers, Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), crystal methamphetamine and ecstasy/MDMA use among HIV-negative/unknown gbMSM. (4) Conclusion: Significant differences in substance use trends and associated risks exist and are varied among gbMSM by serostatus. These findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of event-level substance use on sexual risk through longitudinal follow-up of nearly six years.

scholarly journals Towards Extending the Detection Window of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid—An Untargeted Metabolomics Study in Serum and Urine Following Controlled Administration in Healthy Men

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Steuer ◽  
Justine Raeber ◽  
Fabio Simbuerger ◽  
Dario A. Dornbierer ◽  
Oliver G. Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Forensic Toxicology ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Metabolic Substrates ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Detection Window ◽  
Negative Electrospray Ionization

In forensic toxicology, gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) still represents one of the most challenging drugs of abuse in terms of analytical detection and interpretation. Given its rapid elimination, the detection window of GHB in common matrices is short (maximum 12 h in urine). Additionally, the differentiation from naturally occurring endogenous GHB, is challenging. Thus, novel biomarkers to extend the detection window of GHB are urgently needed. The present study aimed at searching new potential biomarkers of GHB use by means of mass spectrometry (MS) metabolomic profiling in serum (up to 16.5 h) and urine samples (up to 8 h after intake) collected during a placebo-controlled crossover study in healthy men. MS data acquired by different analytical methods (reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography; positive and negative electrospray ionization each) were filtered for significantly changed features applying univariate and mixed-effect model statistics. Complementary to a former study, conjugates of GHB with glycine, glutamate, taurine, carnitine and pentose (ribose) were identified in urine, with particularly GHB-pentose being promising for longer detection. None of the conjugates were detectable in serum. Therein, mainly energy metabolic substrates were identified, which may be useful for more detailed interpretation of underlying pathways but are too unspecific as biomarkers.

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate accumulates in green tea and soybean sprouts in response to oxygen deficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 951-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L Allan ◽  
C. Peiris ◽  
A. W. Bown ◽  
B. J. Shelp
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Modified Atmospheres ◽  
Soybean Sprouts ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Bean Sprouts

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is an illicit drug, which may be derived in plants from a stress-inducible metabolite known as gamma-aminobutyrate. Here, oxygen deficiency caused the accumulation of GHB in green tea and soybean sprouts (76 and 155 nmol g-1 fresh weight, respectively). These findings demonstrate that GHB levels are elevated in severely modified atmospheres, but they pose no risk to human health. Further work is required to assess the extent of this phenomenon. Key words: Gamma-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-aminobutyrate, oxygen deficiency, tea, bean sprouts

scholarly journals GC-MS-MS Determination of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate in Blood and Urine

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Paul ◽  
Lolita Tsanaclis ◽  
Robert Kingston ◽  
Anthony Berry ◽  
Alan Guwy
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate

scholarly journals Improved Procedure for the Analysis of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate and Ethylene Glycol in Whole Blood

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Mary Pan ◽  
Greta N. Gill ◽  
Christopher S. Tilson ◽  
William H. Wall ◽  
H. Horton McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate

The prevalence and correlates of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) overdose among Australian users

Addiction ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa Degenhardt ◽  
Shane Darke ◽  
Paul Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate

Gamma hydroxybutyrate (ghb): Report of a mass intoxication and review of the literature

1999 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Eckstein ◽  
Sean O. Henderson ◽  
Prosy DelaCruz ◽  
Edward Newton
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate
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