Bronchial casts

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-167
Author(s):  
Ajay Kevat ◽  
David Wensley ◽  
Oanu Popescu ◽  
Michael Seear
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Casts

scholarly journals Plastic Bronchitis in an AIDS Patient with Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sheila A. Habib ◽  
Robert C. Vasko ◽  
Jack Badawy ◽  
Gregory M. Anstead
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Plastic Bronchitis ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Bronchial Casts

Plastic bronchitis is the expectoration of bronchial casts in the mold of the tracheobronchial tree. It is a rare occurrence of unknown etiology that has been primarily described in children with congenital heart disease. In this case report, we present the first reported case of plastic bronchitis in a patient with pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma and underlying HIV infection.

Changes in airway length after unilateral pneumonectomy in weanling ferrets

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Kirchner ◽  
J. T. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Airways ◽  
Peripheral Airway ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bronchial Casts ◽  
Central Airway ◽  
Terminal Bronchiole

We have previously shown that airway cross-sectional area increases 15-20% after pneumonectomy in weanling ferrets by measuring bronchial casts. We have now reanalyzed these same casts to quantitate changes in airway length after pneumonectomy. In each cast the distance from each of 120 airways to the terminal bronchiole along its axial pathway was measured. The relationship between the logarithm of this distance and that of the fraction of the lobe subtended by an airway could be described by a quadratic equation with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.85. Subsegmental and more distal airways of postpneumonectomy animals were 33-47% longer than those of controls. Overall the main axial pathway of airways in the left lower lobes was 12% longer in operated animals, but this increase was primarily accounted for by an increase in the length of the more peripheral airways. Central airways were little if any longer in operated animals. After pneumonectomy in weanling ferrets, subsegmental and peripheral airway lengths increase to a greater degree than lung volume and airway cross-sectional area, whereas central airway lengths increase to a lesser extent if at all. The mechanisms responsible for this difference between central and intralobar compensatory airway growth are unknown.

Large Bronchial Casts

1979 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D. Fairshter
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Casts

Expectoration of bronchial casts in association with Ramipril treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1565-1566
Author(s):  
Kim Sarah Plümacher ◽  
Thomas Paul ◽  
Matthias Sigler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Acute Myocarditis ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Myocardial Biopsy ◽  
Bronchial Cast ◽  
Bronchial Casts

AbstractWe report of a 26-year-old female patient who was referred to our centre with congestive heart failure (CHF). Acute myocarditis with a high Parvovirus B19 virus load was diagnosed by myocardial biopsy. CHF improved after start of ramipril 5 mg/d, metoprolol, diuretics, immunoglobins, and a 24-hour infusion of levosimendan. Soon after initiation of medical therapy, the patient started to expectorate bronchial casts with varying frequencies (three times per week to five times daily). Thorough pneumological workup, including histology of the casts, microbiology, and a CT scan of the lungs, did not reveal any cause for bronchial cast formation. Inhalative corticoids were started without any benefit. Two years later, cardiac catheterisation demonstrated normalised left ventricular function. LV end-diastolic pressure, however, was still elevated at 14 mmHg. Endomyocardial biopsies at this time were negative for virus genome. Finally, we changed afterload reduction therapy from ramipril to candesartan. Within 24 hours, expectoration of bronchial casts terminated. Four weeks later, re-exposition to ramipril prompted immediate re-appearance of cast formation, which again stopped with switching back to candesartan. Finally, we were to prove that treatment with ramipril resulted in bronchial cast formation in this patient.

EXPECTORATION OF BRONCHIAL CASTS AFTER HÆMOPTYSIS IN PHTHISIS.

The Lancet ◽  
1893 ◽  
Vol 141 (3638) ◽  
pp. 1194
Author(s):  
R.W. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Casts

scholarly journals Plastic Bronchitis—A Serious Rare Complication Affecting Children Only after Fontan Procedure?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Ilona Pałyga-Bysiecka ◽  
Aneta Maria Polewczyk ◽  
Maciej Polewczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Kołodziej ◽  
Henryk Mazurek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Fontan Procedure ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Plastic Bronchitis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Bronchial Casts

Background: Plastic bronchitis (PB) may occur not only in children following palliative Fontan procedure but also in those without underlying heart disease. We aim to assess the clinical course, therapeutic measures, outcome, and follow-up of PB in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and children without cardiac problems. Methods: This retrospective case series assessed children with PB admitted to hospital between 2015 and 2019. Parents or guardians of patients were contacted by e-mail or telephone between September 2017 and June 2019 to enquiry about recurrence of PB and strategy of treatment. The diagnosis of PB was based on the expectoration (spontaneous or during bronchoscopy) of endobronchial plugs. Results: This study delineated the clinical, histological, and laboratory features of plastic bronchitis in children following Fontan procedure (Group A) and in those without heart defects (Group B, non-CHD children). The main symptoms were cough accompanied by dyspnea, and hypoxemia with a decrease in oxygen saturation, often leading to acute respiratory failure. In children with CHD, the first episode of PB occurred at a relatively young age. Although chronic, i.e., lasting more than 3 weeks, inhaled therapy was implemented in both groups of patients, the recurrences of PB were observed. The mean time to PB recurrence after the first episode in Group A was longer than that in Group B (1.47 vs. 0.265 years, p = 0.2035). There was no re-episode with recurrence of PB in 3 cases out of 10 in total in Group A (30%) and 1 case out of 4 in total in Group B (25%). While the majority of children in Group A usually developed bronchial casts on the right side, the patients in Group B (without CHD) suffered from bronchial casts located only on the left side. Conclusions: Despite many similarities, clinical, histological, and laboratory studies in the children with plastic bronchitis after Fontan’s surgery and in children without heart defects suggest that there are differences in the course of the disease in patients without CHD, such as a more advanced age of the first episode of PB, the location of plastic casts on the left side, and a stronger role of inflammatory factors and mechanisms. Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology of PB and choose the most appropriate therapy.

scholarly journals Plastic bronchitis associated with influenza A virus in children with asthma

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052110653
Author(s):  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Shuhua An
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Plastic Bronchitis ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Patient Prognosis ◽  
Bronchial Casts

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare and potentially fatal disease characterized by acute progressive dyspnea caused by bronchial casts in the bronchial tree. We analyzed two children with asthma and PB who presented with high fever, cough and dyspnea. Both cases showed acute onset and rapid disease progression. Laboratory examination revealed that both children were infected with influenza A virus. Emergency fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed within 20 hours of admission. Immediately after removing the bronchial casts, their dyspnea symptoms improved significantly, and they recovered after comprehensive treatment with antiviral drugs, antibiotics and glucocorticoids. When children with asthma have acute progressive and difficult-to-relieve dyspnea after infection with influenza A virus, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of PB and perform bronchoscopy as soon as possible to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment and improve patient prognosis.

The bronchial cast syndrome after the Fontan procedure: further evidence of its etiology

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin J. McMahon ◽  
Michael R. Nihill ◽  
Adele Reber
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Pressure ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Atresia ◽  
Fontan Circulation ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Caval Vein ◽  
Superior Caval Vein ◽  
Hemodynamic Assessment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Bronchial Casts

We describe a three-year-old boy who presented with recurrent expectoration of bronchial casts six months following creation of a fenestrated lateral tunnel Fontan circulation for pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated elevated central venous pressure with two areas of stenosis within the Fontan circuit, specifically at the junction of the right superior caval vein and the right pulmonary artery, and between the atrial baffle and the right superior caval vein. Insertion of Palmaz stents in these areas resulted in a reduction in central venous pressure, and a transient reduction in production of casts. Eight weeks after catheterization, however, he produced further casts, which resulted in hypoxia, respiratory arrest and death. We reviewed the autopsied specimens obtained from patients with the Fontan circulation over an eleven-year period at our institution in order to ascertain the prevalence of subclinical production of bronchial casts. We found no casts in the thirteen patients examined. Hemodynamic assessment is vital in all patients who develop this syndrome, and should be the primary focus of investigation, rather than solely directing efforts at lysis of casts.

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