scholarly journals Vitamin D deficiency in young people with substance use disorders

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Bonomo ◽  
Danielle Panaccio ◽  
Pamela Anjara ◽  
Lucy Selleck ◽  
Heidi Arnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Substance Use Disorders

Self-Perceptions and Benefit Finding Among Adolescents With Substance Use Disorders and Their Caregivers: A Qualitative Analysis Guided by Social Identity Theory of Cessation Maintenance

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-423
Author(s):  
Natalie M. Brousseau ◽  
Valerie A. Earnshaw ◽  
David Menino ◽  
Laura M. Bogart ◽  
Jennifer Carrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Young People ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Benefit Finding ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Psychosocial Processes

Substance use disorders (SUDs) among young people have been linked with a range of adverse health consequences that can be successfully mitigated with early SUD treatment. According to the Social Identity Theory of Cessation Maintenance (SITCM), psychosocial processes including self-perceptions and benefit finding evolve with treatment, influencing recovery-based identities that can facilitate treatment success. However, this process has only been documented with adults; thus, the current study seeks to characterize these psychosocial processes among young people in SUD treatment and their caregivers. Nineteen young people receiving SUD treatment and 15 caregivers were interviewed about treatment experiences including negative self-perceptions, positive self-perceptions, and benefit finding. Results support the SITCM: Adolescents described escaping negative self-perceptions associated with the “substance use self” identity and strengthening a new “recovery self” identity characterized by positive self-perceptions and benefit finding. Caregivers described how extrinsic sources of support can help mitigate negative self-perceptions.

scholarly journals 272Transdiagnostic Risk and Protective Factors for Psychopathology in Young People: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miss Samantha Lynch ◽  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Nicola C Newton ◽  
Cath Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Health Disorders

Abstract Focus of Presentation Mental health and substance use disorders are among the leading causes of burden of disease worldwide. These disorders often emerge during adolescence, with risk of onset peaking between the ages 13 and 24. Despite decades of research, the underlying causes of mental health disorders remain unclear. This in part may be due to limitations of existing, categorical diagnostic systems, such as low specificity demonstrated by the high rates of co-occurring mental health disorders. A growing body of research supports a move towards dimensional, empirically derived models of psychopathology, such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (Hi-TOP) model. The present systematic review seeks to identify risk and protective factors for psychopathology in young people that occur across traditional diagnostic categories by synthesising and evaluating findings from research investigating empirically based models of psychopathology. Findings Findings will be summarised in a narrative synthesis and grouped by broad research domain, such as genetic, neurobiological, cognitive social and environmental. Conclusions/Implications The implications of these findings for the development of prevention and early intervention programs will be discussed. Key messages Empirically based models of psychopathology provide a vital opportunity to advance our knowledge of the risk and protective factors for mental health and substance use disorders, and in turn lead to the development or enhancement of prevention programs.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency Is Not Associated with Changes in Retinal Geometric Parameters in Young People with Type 1 Diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myra Poon ◽  
Maria E. Craig ◽  
Harleen Kaur ◽  
Janine Cusumano ◽  
Muhammad Bayu Sasongko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Young People ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Diameter Ratio ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Branching Angle

Changes in retinal geometric parameters predict risk and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We have shown that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with DR. We hypothesized that VDD mediates changes in retinal geometric parameters. Retinal vascular geometric parameters were assessed using a semiautomated computer program in photographs from young people with type 1 diabetes (T1D)(n=481)and summarized as central retinal arteriolar and venular equivalents (CRAE, CRVE), fractal dimension, length-diameter ratio, branching angle and curvature tortuosity. Parameters were compared between those with and without DR and VDD (25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration ≤ 50 nmol/L). Retinal vascular geometric parameters were also compared across quartiles of vitamin D levels. Median CRVE was higher in patients with DR compared with those without (median (IQR) CRVE 247.3 μm (31.3) versus 238.8 μm (23.5),P=0.01). Fractal dimension was marginally greater in patients without VDD (1.49 (0.06) versus 1.47 (0.07)P=0.03). There was no difference in CRAE, CRVE, length-diameter ratio, branching angle, and curvature tortuosity between those with and without VDD and across quartiles of 25OHD. In conclusion, DR is associated with higher CRVE in young people with T1D; however, VDD is not associated with changes in retinal vascular geometric measures, suggesting an earlier role in the time course of DR pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Health Literacy, Self-Perceived Health, and Substance Use Behavior among Young People with Alcohol and Substance Use Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4337
Author(s):  
Gabriela Rolova ◽  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Benjamin Petruzelka
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limited Health Literacy

Licit and illicit substance use is one of the major public health issues with severe negative health consequences for individuals and society. Health literacy is essential for improving one’s health and navigation in the healthcare system. However, the evidence of health literacy in people with substance use disorders is limited. This study aims to examine health literacy and its socio-demographic, health-related, and substance use-related correlates in young people with alcohol (AUD) and substance use disorders (SUD). In this study, cross-sectional data of young people undergoing addiction treatment for AUD (N = 201, mean age 37.6) and SUD (N = 165, mean age 31.1) were used. Health literacy was assessed using the HLS-EU-Q47. Simple and multiple linear regression was performed to estimate the correlates of health literacy. In total, 37.8% of participants with AUD and 41.8% of SUD had limited health literacy. In participants with AUD, living condition factors, self-perceived health indicators, and frequency of alcohol use showed a significant effect on health literacy. In participants with SUD, financial factors, self-perceived health indicators, and injection sharing showed a significant effect. Increasing health literacy might contribute to improved health outcomes and decreased high-risk substance use-related behavior in people undergoing addiction treatment.

scholarly journals Validation of Brief Screening Measures for Depression and Anxiety in Young People with Substance Use Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate H. Bentley ◽  
Hitoshi Sakurai ◽  
Kelsey L. Lowman ◽  
Lisa Rines-Toth ◽  
James McKowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Brief Screening ◽  
Screening Measures

scholarly journals The Use of Substances at an Early Age: A Qualitative Study among Young Men Living with Substance Use Disorders in Punjab, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Prabhjot Kour ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health

Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) among young people are a major health problem. The magnitude of the problem is increasing in India, especially in Punjab, where the menace of SUDs is debilitating the physical and mental welfare of young people.

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