scholarly journals Self‐rated sensory performance in profoundly deaf individuals. Do deaf people share the conviction about sensory compensation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Pieniak ◽  
Kinga Lachowicz‐Tabaczek ◽  
Marcin Masalski ◽  
Thomas Hummel ◽  
Anna Oleszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Deaf People ◽  
Sensory Compensation

scholarly journals Cortical Activity Linked to Clocking in Deaf Adults: fNIRS Insights with Static and Animated Stimuli Presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sébastien Laurent ◽  
Laurence Paire-Ficout ◽  
Jean-Michel Boucheix ◽  
Stéphane Argon ◽  
Antonio Hidalgo-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
The Road ◽  
Deaf Adults

The question of the possible impact of deafness on temporal processing remains unanswered. Different findings, based on behavioral measures, show contradictory results. The goal of the present study is to analyze the brain activity underlying time estimation by using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques, which allow examination of the frontal, central and occipital cortical areas. A total of 37 participants (19 deaf) were recruited. The experimental task involved processing a road scene to determine whether the driver had time to safely execute a driving task, such as overtaking. The road scenes were presented in animated format, or in sequences of 3 static images showing the beginning, mid-point, and end of a situation. The latter presentation required a clocking mechanism to estimate the time between the samples to evaluate vehicle speed. The results show greater frontal region activity in deaf people, which suggests that more cognitive effort is needed to process these scenes. The central region, which is involved in clocking according to several studies, is particularly activated by the static presentation in deaf people during the estimation of time lapses. Exploration of the occipital region yielded no conclusive results. Our results on the frontal and central regions encourage further study of the neural basis of time processing and its links with auditory capacity.

Indigenous and Deaf People and the Implications of Ongoing Practices of Colonization: A Comparison of Australia and Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 016059762110015
Author(s):  
Tracey A. Bone ◽  
Erin Wilkinson ◽  
Danielle Ferndale ◽  
Rodney Adams
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Deaf Education ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Intergenerational Trauma ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Deaf Community ◽  
Transgenerational Trauma ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
The Impact

In the growing field of colonial and anti-colonial research, many parallels have been drawn between Westernized countries including Australia and Canada. In both of these countries, there is considerable academic, community and governmental recognition of historic, and continuing, colonizing of Indigenous peoples and the subsequent impacts on Indigenous cultures. Terms such as transgenerational trauma and intergenerational trauma give language to the ongoing impact of colonization on communities, which in turn serves to legitimize the need for mental wellbeing supports and associated funding. However, there are other minority communities that are similarly oppressed and colonized but do not experience the same legitimization. One such community is the Deaf community. Deaf people continue to experience systemic oppression and colonization within our hearing centric society. Building on the work of Batterbury, Ladd and Gulliver (2007), we extend discussions on the parallels between Indigenous and Deaf communities of Australia and Canada, drawing on the established and commonly discussed link between the impact of racism and colonization on (mental) health. We connect these discussions to modern instances of colonization including the aspect of deaf education to illustrate a “living” mechanism through which colonization continues to impact mental wellbeing in the broader Deaf community.

scholarly journals Mobile Application Design Emergency Medical Call for the Deaf using UCD Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risald Risald ◽  
Suyoto Suyoto ◽  
Albertus Joko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Call ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
User Centered Design ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The People ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Audio Communication

<p>Deaf or hearing loss is a condition of inability to hear something, either totally or partially. Hearing loss greatly affects the life of a person in communicating with the people around him. Deaf people will be very difficult when in a medical emergency, this is because the medical emergency situation requires fast action.</p><p>          The Healthy Phone application is a mobile medical emergency call application that can help people with hearing impaired when in emergency situations. With the Healthy Phone application, the user only needs to select an icon that suits the situation encountered in touchscreen mobile device then the message will be sent to the nearest hospital.</p>                To search for icons corresponding to emergencies, the User Centered Design (UCD) method is used. This application is very helpful for deaf people because this application does not require audio communication and user location is also sent automatically to the nearest hospital. The results were analyzed using four emergency event scenarios with a total score of 87% and an average user time of less than 0:42 sec indicating that the study was successful in designing a mobile medical emergency call application according to user requirements.

scholarly journals The Right Hemisphere Planum Temporale Supports Enhanced Visual Motion Detection Ability in Deaf People: Evidence from Cortical Thickness

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha M. Shiell ◽  
François Champoux ◽  
Robert J. Zatorre
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Motion Detection ◽  
Visual Motion ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Deaf People ◽  
Planum Temporale ◽  
Detection Thresholds ◽  
Temporal Area ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Motion Detection

After sensory loss, the deprived cortex can reorganize to process information from the remaining modalities, a phenomenon known as cross-modal reorganization. In blind people this cross-modal processing supports compensatory behavioural enhancements in the nondeprived modalities. Deaf people also show some compensatory visual enhancements, but a direct relationship between these abilities and cross-modally reorganized auditory cortex has only been established in an animal model, the congenitally deaf cat, and not in humans. Using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, we measured cortical thickness in the planum temporale, Heschl’s gyrus and sulcus, the middle temporal area MT+, and the calcarine sulcus, in early-deaf persons. We tested for a correlation between this measure and visual motion detection thresholds, a visual function where deaf people show enhancements as compared to hearing. We found that the cortical thickness of a region in the right hemisphere planum temporale, typically an auditory region, was greater in deaf individuals with better visual motion detection thresholds. This same region has previously been implicated in functional imaging studies as important for functional reorganization. The structure-behaviour correlation observed here demonstrates this area’s involvement in compensatory vision and indicates an anatomical correlate, increased cortical thickness, of cross-modal plasticity.

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