School‐Based Health Centers in the United States: Roots, Reality, and Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 665-670
Author(s):  
Madeline N. Dunfee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Health Centers

‘How come they don’t talk about it in school?’ Identifying adolescent barriers to PrEP use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Gailloud ◽  
Tatiana Gonzalez-Argoti ◽  
Sophia Philip ◽  
Lena S Josephs ◽  
Joanne E Mantell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
School Based ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
School Based Health Centers ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Abstract Although 21% of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses in the United States are in youth aged 13–24 years, adolescent awareness and uptake of the HIV prevention medication pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are low. This study explores the attitudes and challenges that adolescents face while taking PrEP. Thirty interviews were conducted with Black and Latine (we use the gender-inclusive term Latine rather than Latinx for more appropriate Spanish pronunciation) students aged 15–17 who received care at school-based health centers (SBHCs) in the Bronx, NY. Transcripts were coded inductively and deductively using thematic analysis. Most participants were unaware of PrEP, but nearly all were enthusiastic when informed about it; a majority denied that they would feel any stigma when taking PrEP. Despite this high receptivity, multiple barriers were identified, particularly confidentiality from parents, low perceived need of PrEP and concerns about daily adherence and side effects. Adolescents overall were enthusiastic about the availability of PrEP and felt it empowered them to have control over their health. SBHCs were considered trusted sources of confidential, accessible care, and we believe that they can be uniquely positioned to mitigate barriers to PrEP distribution in the future.

scholarly journals The Use of Telehealth in School-Based Health Centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1988419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Love ◽  
Nirmita Panchal ◽  
John Schlitt ◽  
Caroline Behr ◽  
Samira Soleimanpour
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Health Care Access ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Health Centers

Telehealth is a growing model of delivering health care. School-based health centers (SBHCs) provide access to health care for youth in schools and increasingly use telehealth in care delivery. This article examines the recent growth of telehealth use in SBHCs, and characteristics of SBHCs using telehealth, including provider types, operational characteristics, and schools and students served. The percentage of SBHCs using telehealth grew from 7% in 2007-2008 to 19% in 2016-2017. Over 1 million students in over 1800 public schools have access to an SBHC using telehealth, which represents 2% of students and nearly 2% of public schools in the United States. These SBHCs are primarily in rural communities and sponsored by hospitals. This growing model presents an opportunity to expand health care access to youth, particularly in underserved areas in the United States and globally. Further research is needed to fully describe how telehealth programs are implemented in school settings and their potential impacts.

Nurse Practitioner’s Ethical and Legal Dilemma: Caring for a Young Child Without a Parent in the School-Based Health Center Setting

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Mary Huang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Health Centers

Since the 1980s, the number of school-based health centers has increased due to funding that lead to recognition by policy makers and health organizations. The mission was to provide comprehensive pediatric health care to children with limited access to health care and the uninsured. The goal was to decrease school absenteeism and missed work days by providing convenient primary and acute care while children are in school. For sponsoring organizations managing school-based clinics, allowing parents to be absent during clinic visits met its mission. However, the ease of young children receiving health care in the school setting without being accompanied by their parents has positioned nurse practitioners in an ethical and legal dilemma. Asking a young child significant health history during a physical examination or having them describe their chief complaints during an acute visit may not be the best way to provide good care to our young patients. Additionally, what are the legal responsibilities of a nurse practitioner when caring for a child without active participation of the parent? Little has been documented in the past about the dilemmas nurse practitioners face in school clinic settings. With increasing use and recognition of school-based health centers in the United States, the need for more discussion is required to explore solutions to provide quality comprehensive care for patients and their families.

scholarly journals The Evidence on School-Based Health Centers: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1982874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Arenson ◽  
Philip J. Hudson ◽  
NaeHyung Lee ◽  
Betty Lai
Keyword(s):  
Health Equity ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Health Centers

Context. Pediatricians working toward health equity require health care delivery mechanisms that take on dual roles: mitigating the health effects of a maladaptive social ecosystem while simultaneously working to improve the ecosystem itself. School-based health centers (SBHCs) perform these dual roles by providing medical, mental/behavioral, dental, and vision care directly in schools where young people spend the majority of their time, maximizing their opportunity to learn and grow. Evidence Acquisition. Databases were searched extensively for research studies published between January 2000 and December 2018. Evidence Synthesis. The authors began with 3 recent high-impact reviews that covered SBHC history, health outcomes, cost-benefit, and impact on health equity. Informed by these articles, the authors organized the evidence into 4 broad categories of impact: Financial, Physical Health (including medical, vision, and dental), Mental Health, and Educational Outcomes. Using these 4 categories, the authors then performed a robust literature search using PubMed for studies that fit into these themes. Conclusions. SBHCs increase access to health services for children, families, and communities, which ultimately leads to positive short- and long-term outcomes in service of a broad range of stakeholders. Educational impact requires further attention on both outcomes and methodological approaches. Three current public health topics of importance were identified that SBHCs might be well-suited to address: Youth Gun Violence, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and the Health of American Indian/Alaskan Native communities in the United States.

scholarly journals Completion of the Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Series Among Adolescent Users and Nonusers of School-Based Health Centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meaghan S. Munn ◽  
Meagan Kay ◽  
Libby C. Page ◽  
Jeffrey S. Duchin
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Immunization Registry ◽  
Immunization Rates ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Health Centers

Objectives: Uptake and completion of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series among adolescents are suboptimal in the United States. We examined immunization registry data to determine completion of the 3-dose HPV vaccine series among adolescents in Seattle, Washington, born during 1995-2000 who received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine. Methods: Immunization data included the administrating facility, which identified adolescents who used school-based health centers (SBHCs) for any HPV vaccine dose. We calculated completion of the 3-dose series at any time and on time by the 13th birthday. We stratified analyses by sex and assessed differences in on-time and any-time completion between users and nonusers of SBHCs. Results: Overall, 67.9% (8612 of 12 676) of females and 41.8% (3560 of 8521) of males with ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine completed the 3-dose series. Compared with female SBHC nonusers, female SBHC users had 37% higher odds of completing the series at any time (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.19-1.58) and 33% higher odds of completing the series on time (aOR = 1.33; 95% CI, 1.08-1.64). Compared with male SBHC nonusers, male SBHC users had 45% higher odds of completing the series at any time (aOR = 1.45; 95% CI, 1.23-1.70) and 79% higher odds of completing the series on time (aOR = 1.79; 95% CI, 1.11-2.89). Conclusion: Adolescent SBHC users had higher odds of completing the HPV vaccine series than adolescents who received all doses in traditional health care settings. SBHCs should be leveraged to increase adolescent immunization rates.

“Contraceptive Care for Adolescents in School-Based Health Centers Is Essential!”

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Moriarty Daley ◽  
E. Carol Polifroni
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
School Based ◽  
Contraceptive Services ◽  
Colaizzi's Method ◽  
School Based Health Centers ◽  
Provide Health Education

Adolescents often face hurdles that may interfere with accessing contraceptive services. School-based health centers (SBHCs) are available to many teens in the United States; however, only half of SBHCs that serve adolescents are permitted to provide contraception. The aim of this descriptive phenomenological study was to describe the lived experience of nurse practitioners (NPs) providing contraceptive care to teens in SBHCs. Twelve NPs were interviewed and Colaizzi’s method of descriptive phenomenological analysis was used to describe the lived experience of NPs providing contraceptive care to adolescents in SBHCs. Three themes emerged: Contraception is an Essential Part of Care for Teens Using SBHCs; Frustration! There are so Many Hurdles to Negotiate; and Walking a Fine Line. Despite the restrictions on SBHC services and the hurdles the NPs encountered, they remained committed to providing contraceptive services and seized available opportunities to provide health education and support for the adolescents accessing the SBHCs.

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