Spatial equilibrium in deviations: An application to skill‐premium and skill‐mix heterogeneity

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-632
Author(s):  
Antonio Accetturo ◽  
Alberto Dalmazzo ◽  
Guido Blasio
Keyword(s):  
Skill Premium ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Skill Mix

Internal Geography, Labor Mobility, and the Distributional Impacts of Trade

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingting Fan
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Skill Premium ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium ◽  
Spatial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Costs ◽  
Skilled And Unskilled Workers ◽  
Distributional Impacts

I develop a spatial-equilibrium model to quantify the distributional impacts of international trade in an economy with intranational trade and migration costs. Focusing on China, I find that international trade increases both between-region inequality among workers with similar skills and within-region inequality between skilled and unskilled workers, with the former accounting for 75 percent of the overall inequality increase. Ignoring spatial frictions will underestimate trade’s impact on the overall inequality and overestimate its impact on the aggregate skill premium. I further study how internal trade and Hukou reforms affect the domestic economy and the impacts of international trade. (JEL F14, F16, J24, O18, P23, P33, R12)

Die COVID-19-Pandemie im akutstationären Setting aus Sicht von Führungspersonen und Hygienefachkräften in der Pflege

Pflege ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 289-298
Author(s):  
Katharina Silies ◽  
Angelika Schley ◽  
Janna Sill ◽  
Steffen Fleischer ◽  
Martin Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Qualitative Studie ◽  
Skill Mix ◽  
Task Forces

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Die COVID-19-Pandemie ist eine Ausnahmesituation ohne Präzedenz und erforderte zahlreiche Ad-hoc-Anpassungen in den Strukturen und Prozessen der akutstationären Versorgung. Ziel: Ziel war es zu untersuchen, wie aus Sicht von Führungspersonen und Hygienefachkräften in der Pflege die stationäre Akutversorgung durch die Pandemiesituation beeinflusst wurde und welche Implikationen sich daraus für die Zukunft ergeben. Methoden: Qualitative Studie bestehend aus semistrukturierten Interviews mit fünf Verantwortlichen des leitenden Pflegemanagements und drei Hygienefachkräften in vier Krankenhäusern in Deutschland. Die Interviews wurden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Befragten beschrieben den auf die prioritäre Versorgung von COVID-19-Fällen hin umstrukturierten Klinikalltag. Herausforderungen waren Unsicherheit und Angst bei den Mitarbeiter_innen, relative Ressourcenknappheit von Material und Personal und die schnelle Umsetzung neuer Anforderungen an die Versorgungleistung. Dem wurde durch gezielte Kommunikation und Information, massive Anstrengungen zur Sicherung der Ressourcen und koordinierte Steuerung aller Prozesse durch bereichsübergreifende, interprofessionelle Task Forces begegnet. Schlussfolgerungen: Die in der COVID-19-Pandemie vorgenommenen Anpassungen zeigen Entwicklungspotenziale für die zukünftige Routineversorgung auf, z. B. könnten neue Arbeits- und Skill Mix-Modelle aufgegriffen werden. Für die Konkretisierung praktischer Implikationen sind vertiefende Analysen der Daten mit zeitlichem Abstand erforderlich.

Skill-Mix: Das ist erst der Anfang

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
Kirsten Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Skill Mix

Das Prinzip Skill-Mix, in den letzten Jahren vor allem in der Pflege ein großer Trend, wird auch beim Europäischen Gesundheitskongress in München ein wichtiges Thema sein.

An einem Strang ziehen

2017 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Walburga Sprenger ◽  
Susanne Wittchen
Keyword(s):  
Skill Mix

ZusammenfassungDamit ein Grade- und Skill-Mix gelingen kann, müssen Strukturen und Prozesse im Krankenhaus verändert werden. Es muss klar sein, wer was mit welcher Ausbildung und Kompetenz übernimmt. Und es müssen alle Berufsgruppen mitziehen, um die Ziele gemeinsam zu verfolgen.

Motivating factors behind skill mix change: results from a practice managers’ survey in England

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711401
Author(s):  
Jon Gibson ◽  
Sharon Spooner ◽  
Matt Sutton ◽  
Imelda McDermott ◽  
Mhorag Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Employment Decisions ◽  
Skill Mix ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Primary Care Workforce ◽  
Varied Range ◽  
Appointment Availability

BackgroundThe expansion of the primary care workforce by employing a varied range of practitioners (‘skill mix’) is a key component of the General Practice Forward View (GPFV). The extent of skill mix change and where that has occurred has been examined using publicly available practice level workforce data. However, such data does not provide information regarding specific motivating factors behind employment decisions for individual practices nor future workforce plans.AimTo identify key motivating factors behind practice workforce decisions and their future workforce plans.MethodAn online questionnaire was sent to practice managers in England. Data collection is ongoing; however, 1000 practices have responded to the survey so far. The questionnaire was composed of questions related to current workforce, motivating factors behind employment decisions, planned future workforce changes, financial assistance with employing staff (for example, HEE or CCG funding) and ideal workforce.ResultsEarly results indicate that practices that have employed physician associates have done so to increase appointment availability (78% of practices) and release GP time (68%). Sixty-six per cent of practices who have employed pharmacists have received some form of financial assistance with 21% of practices still receiving assistance. When asked to construct an ideal workforce, ‘new’ roles accounted for 20% of that workforce on average, which is a significantly larger proportion than those roles currently account for.ConclusionAlthough data collection and analysis are ongoing, the results of the survey provide novel insights into the underlying motivating factors behind employment decisions, specifically for new roles such as pharmacists, PAs and paramedics.

scholarly journals Effective coverage and budget implications of skill-mix change to improve neonatal nursing care: an explorative simulation study in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. e001817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apostolos Tsiachristas ◽  
David Gathara ◽  
Jalemba Aluvaala ◽  
Timothy Chege ◽  
Edwine Barasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Skill Mix ◽  
Neonatal Nursing ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries

IntroductionNeonatal mortality is an urgent policy priority to improve global population health and reduce health inequality. As health systems in Kenya and elsewhere seek to tackle increased neonatal mortality by improving the quality of care, one option is to train and employ neonatal healthcare assistants (NHCAs) to support professional nurses by taking up low-skill tasks.MethodsMonte-Carlo simulation was performed to estimate the potential impact of introducing NHCAs in neonatal nursing care in four public hospitals in Nairobi on effectively treated newborns and staff costs over a period of 10 years. The simulation was informed by data from 3 workshops with >10 stakeholders each, hospital records and scientific literature. Two univariate sensitivity analyses were performed to further address uncertainty.ResultsStakeholders perceived that 49% of a nurse full-time equivalent could be safely delegated to NHCAs in standard care, 31% in intermediate care and 20% in intensive care. A skill-mix with nurses and NHCAs would require ~2.6 billionKenyan Shillings (KES) (US$26 million) to provide quality care to 58% of all newborns in need (ie, current level of coverage in Nairobi) over a period of 10 years. This skill-mix configuration would require ~6 billion KES (US$61 million) to provide quality of care to almost all newborns in need over 10 years.ConclusionChanging skill-mix in hospital care by introducing NHCAs may be an affordable way to reduce neonatal mortality in low/middle-income countries. This option should be considered in ongoing policy discussions and supported by further evidence.

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