scholarly journals The Impact of Nicotine and Cigarette Smoke Condensate on Metabolic Activity and Biofilm Formation ofCandida albicanson Acrylic Denture Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Mohammed Alzayer ◽  
Grace F. Gomez ◽  
George J. Eckert ◽  
John A. Levon ◽  
Richard L. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
The Impact

Biofilm formation and induction of stress response genes is a common response of several serotypes of the pneumococcus to cigarette smoke condensate

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-209
Author(s):  
Riana Cockeran ◽  
Thèrése Dix-Peek ◽  
Caroline Dickens ◽  
Helen C. Steel ◽  
Ronald Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Stress Response Genes ◽  
Common Response

Influence of cigarette smoke condensate on cariogenic and candidal biofilm formation on orthodontic materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Brasil Baboni ◽  
Odilon Guariza Filho ◽  
Andréa Novais Moreno ◽  
Edvaldo Antonio Ribeiro Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Orthodontic Materials

scholarly journals Effects of Cigarette Smoke Condensate on Growth and Biofilm Formation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Moloko C. Cholo ◽  
Sipho S. M. Rasehlo ◽  
Eudri Venter ◽  
Chantelle Venter ◽  
Ronald Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Planktonic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Morphology ◽  
Significant Attenuation ◽  
Disease Reactivation ◽  
Strain H37rv

Background and Objectives. Cigarette smoke (CS) is a major risk factor contributing to the burden of tuberculosis. Little is known, however, about the effects of CS exposure on growth and persistence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) organisms. This issue has been addressed in the current study, which is focused on the effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on the growth and viability of Mtb planktonic and biofilm-forming cultures. Materials and Methods. The planktonic and biofilm-forming cultures were prepared in Middlebrook 7H9 and Sauton broth media, respectively, using Mtb strain, H37Rv. The effects of CSC at concentrations of 0.05-3.12 mg/L on growth, biofilm formation and structure were evaluated using microplate Alamar Blue assay, spectrophotometric procedure and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Involvement of reactive oxygen species in CSC-mediated biofilm formation was investigated by including catalase in biofilm-forming cultures. Results. CSC did not affect the growth of planktonic bacteria, but rather led to a statistically significant increase in biofilm formation at concentrations of 0.4-3.12 mg/L, as well as in the viability of biofilm-forming bacteria at CSC concentrations of 0.2-1.56 mg/L. SEM confirmed an agglomerated biofilm matrix and irregular bacterial morphology in CSC-treated biofilms. Inclusion of catalase caused significant attenuation of CSC-mediated augmentation of biofilm formation by Mtb, implying involvement of oxidative stress. These findings demonstrate that exposure of Mtb to CSC resulted in increased biofilm formation that appeared to be mediated, at least in part, by oxidative stress, while no effect on planktonic cultures was observed. Conclusion. Smoking-related augmentation of biofilm formation by Mtb may contribute to persistence of the pathogen, predisposing to disease reactivation and counteracting the efficacy of antimicrobial chemotherapy.

S107 Effects of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Condensate on Pneumococcal Gene Expression in Relation to Biofilm Formation

Thorax ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A52.1-A52
Author(s):  
R Cockeran ◽  
J Herbert ◽  
TJ Mitchell ◽  
HC Steel ◽  
ND Mutepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate

scholarly journals Cigarette smoke condensate increases C. albicans adhesion, growth, biofilm formation, and EAP1, HWP1 and SAP2 gene expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhabib Semlali ◽  
Kerstin Killer ◽  
Humidah Alanazi ◽  
Witold Chmielewski ◽  
Mahmoud Rouabhia
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate

scholarly journals Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on pneumococcal biofilm formation and pneumolysin

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Daphney Mutepe ◽  
Riana Cockeran ◽  
Helen C. Steel ◽  
Annette J. Theron ◽  
Tim J. Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate

scholarly journals Transcriptional Response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to Cigarette Smoke Condensate

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danicke Willemse ◽  
Chivonne Moodley ◽  
Smriti Mehra ◽  
Deepak Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Stress Survival ◽  
The Impact

Smoking is known to be an added risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), with nearly a quarter of the TB cases attributed to cigarette smokers in the 22 countries with the highest TB burden. Many studies have indicated a link between risk of active TB and cigarette smoke. Smoking is also known to significantly decrease TB cure and treatment completion rate and increase mortality rates. Cigarette smoke contains thousands of volatile compounds including carcinogens, toxins, reactive solids, and oxidants in both particulate and gaseous phase. Yet, to date, limited studies have analyzed the impact of cigarette smoke components on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB. Here we report the impact of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on survival, mutation frequency, and gene expression of Mtb in vitro. We show that exposure of virulent Mtb to cigarette smoke increases the mutation frequency of the pathogen and strongly induces the expression of the regulon controlled by SigH—a global transcriptional regulator of oxidative stress. SigH has previously been shown to be required for Mtb to respond to oxidative stress, survival, and granuloma formation in vivo. A high-SigH expression phenotype is known to be associated with greater virulence of Mtb. In patients with pulmonary TB who smoke, these changes may therefore play an important, yet unexplored, role in the treatment efficacy by potentially enhancing the virulence of tubercle bacilli.

Multi-alkylated Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons of Tobacco Smoke: Separation and Identification

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Snook ◽  
R. F. Severson ◽  
R. F. Arrendale ◽  
H. C. Higman ◽  
O. T. Chortyk
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gel Chromatography ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Condensate ◽  
Gas And Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Silicic Acid Chromatography ◽  
Derivatives Of

AbstractThe methyl, multi-methyl, and ethyl derivatives of the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) were isolated from the neutrals by silicic acid chromatography, solvent partitioning and gel chromatography. The procedure yielded a relatively pure PAH isolate amenable to further identifications. The multi-alkylated PAH were concentrated in the early gel fractions with parent and higher ring PAH found in subsequent gel fractions. It was shown that CSC is very rich in alkylated PAH, and their successful identification required extensive use of gas and liquid chromatography and ultra-violet and GC - mass spectrometric techniques. High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) separated individual isomers of the alkylated PAH in complex GC peaks. PAH from indene to pentamethylchrysene were found. This report concludes our identification studies on the PAH of CSC and complements our two previous reports in this journal. Collectively, our studies have identified approximately 1000 PAH of cigarette smoke condensate and have led to the development of methods for the routine quantitation of PAH in smalI quantities of cigarette smoke condensate.

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